Linux centos安装mysql（解压手动安装）

Posted 2020-07-30

    系统版本：  

[[email protected] ~]# uname -r

2.6.32-358.el6.i686

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/issue

CentOS release 6.4 (Final)

Kernel \r on an \m

    下载linux generic 32bit的mysql包(http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ )。

    步骤开始：

    1，直接wget下载，或者下载后上传到服务器端。

    2，解压。

    3，将解压生成的mysql目录复制到/usr/local/mysql，并在其下新建data目录。

    4，新建用户mysql和用户组mysql，并将mysql目录进行权限修改。

[[email protected] local]# pwd

/usr/local

[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/

[[email protected] mysql]# ll

total 56

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 bin

-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 17987 Jun 26 01:42 COPYING

drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 04:40 data

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 docs

drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 include

drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:43 lib

drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 man

-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql  2478 Jun 26 01:39 README

drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:42 share

drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 Jun 26 01:43 support-files

[[email protected] mysql]# 

[[email protected] mysql]# pwd

/usr/local/mysql

    5，初始化数据。

[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

[[email protected] mysql]#

    6，复制配制文件。

[[email protected] mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[[email protected] mysql]#

    7，将Mysql的服务脚本放到/etc/init.d/目录下。

[[email protected] mysql]# cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]#

    8，启动服务。

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld restart   

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! 

[[email protected] mysql]# 

    9，查看初始密码，并登录mysql。

[[email protected] mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret 

# Password set for user ‘[email protected]‘ at 2016-06-26 02:48:47 

:jiDfmi%5kaK

[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: （此处输入上述密码）

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.13

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

mysql> status    （下面会有报错，提示需要修改密码后再执行命令）

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

mysql> 

    10，修改mysql登录密码。

[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p password

Enter password: （输入上述老密码）

New password: 

Confirm new password: 

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.

[[email protected] mysql]# 

    11，使用新密码即可登录mysql。

[[email protected] mysql]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: （新密码）

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 8

Server version: 5.7.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();

+-----------+

| version() |

+-----------+

| 5.7.13    |

+-----------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

    12，至此mysql安装完成。

---

报错解决：

    1，

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql

2016-06-26 02:47:09 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize

2016-06-26 02:47:09 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.

    解决：需要新建data目录，指定安装目录(在非默认目录时需要指定，默认路径：/usr/local/mysql，同时需要指定./support-files/mysql.server中的basedir和datadir为相应路径)。

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13/data/

2016-06-26 02:48:47 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize

2016-06-26 02:49:19 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn‘t empty:

2016-06-26 02:49:19 [WARNING] 2016-06-26T09:48:50.798592Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead

2016-06-26T09:48:50.898732Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

2016-06-26T09:48:50.898778Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

    以上报错均因未在mysql.server中指定自定义的路径。

    2，启动mysql服务不成功。

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

/etc/init.d/mysqld: line 256: my_print_defaults: command not found

Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn‘t find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

    解决：原来默认路径是/usr/local/mysql目录，这里存放目录是/usr/local/mysql-5.7.13。

    将mysql-5.7.13改为mysql再启动，发现如下错误：

 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!

    确认当前目录所有者为root，改为mysql：

[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql/    

[[email protected] local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

 ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!

Starting MySQL....... SUCCESS! 

        3,登录不成功，是因为服务没启动。

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.13]# cat /root/.mysql_secret 

# Password set for user ‘[email protected]‘ at 2016-06-26 02:48:47 

:jiDfmi%5kaK

[[email protected] mysql-5.7.13]# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: 

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can‘t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/tmp/mysql.sock‘ (2)

    解决：上面第2个问题解决后，此问题消失(需要将mysqld服务启动)。

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参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/azhw/p/5143232.html