实现自定义集合的可枚举类型（IEnumerable）和枚举数（IEnumerator ）

Posted 2022-11-25 jshchg

下面的代码示例演示如何实现自定义集合的 IEnumerable 和 IEnumerator 接口：

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections;
  3 using System.Collections.Generic;
  4 using System.Linq;
  5 using System.Text;
  6 using System.Threading.Tasks;
  7 
  8 namespace ConsoleApplication1
  9 
 10     public class Person
 11     
 12         public Person(string fName, string lName)
 13         
 14             this.firstName = fName;
 15             this.lastName = lName;
 16         
 17 
 18         public string firstName;
 19         public string lastName;
 20     
 21 
 22     public class People : IEnumerable
 23     
 24         private Person[] _people;
 25         public People(Person[] pArray)
 26         
 27             _people = new Person[pArray.Length];
 28 
 29             for (int i = 0; i < pArray.Length; i++)
 30             
 31                 _people[i] = pArray[i];
 32             
 33         
 34 
 35         IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
 36         
 37             return (IEnumerator)GetEnumerator();
 38         
 39 
 40         public PeopleEnum GetEnumerator()
 41         
 42             return new PeopleEnum(_people);
 43         
 44     
 45 
 46     public class PeopleEnum : IEnumerator
 47     
 48         public Person[] _people;
 49 
 50         // Enumerators are positioned before the first element
 51         // until the first MoveNext() call.
 52         int position = -1;
 53 
 54         public PeopleEnum(Person[] list)
 55         
 56             _people = list;
 57         
 58 
 59         public bool MoveNext()
 60         
 61             position++;
 62             return (position < _people.Length);
 63         
 64 
 65         public void Reset()
 66         
 67             position = -1;
 68         
 69 
 70         object IEnumerator.Current
 71         
 72             get
 73             
 74                 return Current;
 75             
 76         
 77 
 78         public Person Current
 79         
 80             get
 81             
 82                 try
 83                 
 84                     return _people[position];
 85                 
 86                 catch (IndexOutOfRangeException)
 87                 
 88                     throw new InvalidOperationException();
 89                 
 90             
 91         
 92     
 93 
 94 
 95     class Program
 96     
 97         static void Main(string[] args)
 98         
 99             Person[] peopleArray = new Person[3]
100             
101                 new Person("John", "Smith"),
102                 new Person("Jim", "Johnson"),
103                 new Person("Sue", "Rabon"),
104             ;
105 
106             People peopleList = new People(peopleArray);
107             foreach (Person p in peopleList)
108                 Console.WriteLine(p.firstName + " " + p.lastName);
109         
110     
111 

可枚举类型 → 实现IEnumerable接口，可以不需要直接实现这个接口，但必须有个GetEnumerator方法，返回值类型必须为IEnumerator类型，也就是第四点最后一段代码中接口注释的那种写法！

枚举数 → 实现IEnumerator接口，实现全部方法，首先是调用GetEnumerator返回一个类型为IEnumerator的枚举数，然后编译器会隐式的调用实现IEnumerator类中的方法和属性！

总结：所以实现foreach遍历，必须达到上面的两种条件才能进行遍历对象，他们可以写在一起也可以分开，最好是分开，进行职责分离，一个类干一件事总归是好事！也满足面向对象的单一指责设计原则。