WCF安全性认证：SoapHeader使用HTTP Request调用

Posted 2022-10-24 petewell

WCF安全性认证：SoapHeader(二)使用HTTP Request调用

在前面第一篇介绍的WinFrom Client 端程序为了送出request时要产生SoapHeader﹐而另外撰写了一个ClientHeader类库﹐并且必须在组态加入对应的设定﹐手续看起来有些复杂。实际上﹐有时会希望是以WebRequest的原生方式自行组合Soap 格式数据来进行数据的交换。

在开始之前需要先知道一些数据的规则﹐首先由wsdl规格中可以找到SOAPAction。

前面的介绍过程中在使用Fiddler观察数据时﹐可以看到送出的标准Soap数据格式﹐这是现在在程序中要自行组合的字符串﹐其中包含了SoapHeader﹐要调用的方法与传递的参数。

   1:  

   2:  

   3:      账号

   4:      密码

   5:    

   6:    

   7:      

   8:        test

   9:      

  10:    

  11:  

有了SoapAction和Soap数据的格式﹐接下来就使用三种平台的方式来撰写。

1. .Net 的调用方式

   1:  string wsdlUri = "http://kevin-h:905/basicHttpSoapHeader.host/MyProducts.svc?singleWsdl";

   2:  string username = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["username"].ToString();

   3:  string pwd = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["pwd"].ToString();

   4:  ?

   5:  private void btnCallSaySomething_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 

   6:      try 

   7:          HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(wsdlUri);

   8:          webRequest.Method = "POST";

   9:          webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=UTF-8";

  10:                  webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAPAction:"http://tempuri.org/IProductService/SaySomething"");  //<--SOAPAction 别忘了

  11:          StringBuilder soapStr = new StringBuilder(Environment.NewLine);

  12:          soapStr.Append("" + Environment.NewLine);

  13:          soapStr.Append("  " + Environment.NewLine);

  14:          soapStr.Append("    "+username+"" + Environment.NewLine);

  15:          soapStr.Append("    "+pwd+"" + Environment.NewLine);

  16:          soapStr.Append("  " + Environment.NewLine);

  17:          soapStr.Append("  " + Environment.NewLine);

  18:          soapStr.Append("    " + Environment.NewLine);

  19:          soapStr.Append("      test" + Environment.NewLine);

  20:          soapStr.Append("    " + Environment.NewLine);

  21:          soapStr.Append("  " + Environment.NewLine);

  22:          soapStr.Append("" + Environment.NewLine);

  23:  ?

  24:          byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(soapStr.ToString());

  25:          webRequest.ContentLength = buffer.Length;

  26:          Stream post = webRequest.GetRequestStream();

  27:          post.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);

  28:          post.Close();

  29:  ?

  30:          HttpWebResponse response;

  31:          response = (HttpWebResponse)webRequest.GetResponse();

  32:          Stream respostData = response.GetResponseStream();

  33:          StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(respostData);

  34:          string strResponseXml = sr.ReadToEnd();

  35:  ?

  36:          txtOutputValue.Text = strResponseXml;

  37:       catch (Exception er) 

  38:          if (er.InnerException != null) 

  39:              txtSaySomethingMsg.Text = "InnerException:" + er.InnerException.Message;

  40:           else 

  41:              txtSaySomethingMsg.Text = "Exception:" + er.Message;

  42:          

  43:      

  44:  

上述的程序执行之后所得到的结果为以下的XML格式数据﹐只要Parse这个数据就可以得到想要的东西。

   1:  

   2:  

   3:      

   4:          You say [test].

   5:      

   6:  

   7:  

2. Java 的调用方式

   1:  package wcf.com;

   2:  ?

   3:  import java.io.BufferedReader;

   4:  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

   5:  import java.io.InputStreamReader;

   6:  import java.io.OutputStream;

   7:  import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

   8:  import java.net.URL;

   9:  import java.net.URLConnection;

  10:  ?

  11:  public class wcfClient 

  12:      public static void main(String[] args) 

  13:          String responseString = "";

  14:          String outputString = "";

  15:          String wsURL = "http://kevin-h:905/basicHttpSoapHeader.host/MyProducts.svc?wsdl";

  16:  ?

  17:          try

  18:              URL url = new URL(wsURL);

  19:              URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();

  20:              HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection)connection;

  21:              ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

  22:              

  23:              StringBuilder xmlInput=new StringBuilder();

  24:              xmlInput.append("n");

  25:              xmlInput.append("  n");

  26:              xmlInput.append("    testmann");

  27:              xmlInput.append("    a123456n");

  28:              xmlInput.append("  n");

  29:              xmlInput.append("  n");

  30:              xmlInput.append("    n");

  31:              xmlInput.append("      中文字测试n");

  32:              xmlInput.append("    n");

  33:              xmlInput.append("  n");

  34:              xmlInput.append("n");

  35:              

  36:              byte[] buffer=new String(xmlInput).getBytes();

  37:              bout.write(buffer);

  38:              byte[] b = bout.toByteArray();

  39:              String SOAPAction ="http://tempuri.org/IProductService/SaySomething";

  40:              

  41:              //设定适当的Http参数

  42:              httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",String.valueOf(b.length));

  43:              httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8");

  44:              httpConn.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", SOAPAction);

  45:              httpConn.setRequestMethod("POST");

  46:              httpConn.setDoOutput(true);

  47:              httpConn.setDoInput(true);

  48:              OutputStream out = httpConn.getOutputStream();

  49:              out.write(b);

  50:              out.close();

  51:  ?

  52:              InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream());

  53:              BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(isr);

  54:           

  55:              while ((responseString = in.readLine()) != null) 

  56:                  outputString = outputString + responseString;

  57:              

  58:  ?

  59:              

  60:              System.out.println(outputString);

  61:          catch(Exception er)

  62:              er.printStackTrace();

  63:          

  64:      

  65:  

执行后可以看到输出的结果和前面.Net得到的结果相同﹐接下就要自行parse XML了。

Ps.在使用eclipse撰写时﹐送出request并能正确的接回数据﹐但后来在传递的值改为中文后就一直失败。直觉是编码出了问题﹐查了许久才发现﹐eclipse在windows时文件存档时默认文件格式编码为MS950﹐如果将文件改存为UTF-8则传递中文的问题就解决了。

3. android 的调用方式

时下最流行的移动设备﹐当然也必须要能调用WCF才行﹐以下的示范是以Android 4.2.2版本为例。

在Android 3.0之后在主线程上不能直接进行网络活动﹐否则将会得到NetworkOnMainThreadException错误消息。因此在这里先建立一个SoapObjec的class﹐在主线程上再以另一个Thread来执行。

SoapObject.java

   1:  package com.example.callwcftest;

   2:  ?

   3:  import java.io.IOException;

   4:  ?

   5:  import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

   6:  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

   7:  import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

   8:  import org.apache.http.client.ResponseHandler;

   9:  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

  10:  import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;

  11:  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

  12:  import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;

  13:  import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;

  14:  import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;

  15:  import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

  16:  ?

  17:  import android.util.Log;

  18:  ?

  19:  public class SoapObject 

  20:      private String wsURL="";

  21:      private String soapAction="";

  22:      private String soapBody="";

  23:      

  24:      public void setWsURL(String wsURL)

  25:          this.wsURL=wsURL;

  26:      

  27:      

  28:      public void setSoapAction(String soapAction)

  29:          this.soapAction=soapAction;

  30:      

  31:      

  32:      public void setSoapBody(String soapBody)

  33:          this.soapBody=soapBody;

  34:      

  35:  ?

  36:      public String sendRequest()

  37:          String responseString="";

  38:          final DefaultHttpClient httpClient=new DefaultHttpClient();

  39:          // request 参数

  40:            HttpParams params = httpClient.getParams();

  41:            HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, 10000);

  42:            HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, 15000);

  43:          // set parameter

  44:            HttpProtocolParams.setUseExpectContinue(httpClient.getParams(), true);

  45:  ?

  46:            // POST the envelope

  47:            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(this.wsURL);

  48:            // add headers

  49:            httppost.setHeader("soapaction", this.soapAction);

  50:            httppost.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset=utf-8");

  51:            

  52:          try 

  53:              // the entity holds the request

  54:              // HttpEntity entity = new StringEntity(envelope);

  55:              HttpEntity entity = new ByteArrayEntity(this.soapBody.getBytes("UTF-8"));

  56:              httppost.setEntity(entity);

  57:  ?

  58:              // Response handler

  59:              ResponseHandler rh = new ResponseHandler() 

  60:                  // invoked when client receives response

  61:                  public String handleResponse(HttpResponse response)

  62:                          throws ClientProtocolException, IOException 

  63:                      // get response entity

  64:                      HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

  65:  ?

  66:                      // read the response as byte array

  67:                      StringBuffer out = new StringBuffer();

  68:                      byte[] b = EntityUtils.toByteArray(entity);

  69:  ?

  70:                      // write the response byte array to a string buffer

  71:                      out.append(new String(b, 0, b.length));

  72:                      return out.toString();

  73:                  

  74:              ;

  75:  ?

  76:              responseString = httpClient.execute(httppost, rh);

  77:           catch (Exception e) 

  78:              Log.v("exception", e.toString());

  79:          

  80:  ?

  81:          // close the connection

  82:          httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();

  83:          

  84:          return responseString;

  85:      

  86:  

接着撰写主线程的部分

   1:  package com.example.callwcftest;

   2:  ?

   3:  import android.app.Activity;

   4:  import android.os.Bundle;

   5:  import android.util.Log;

   6:  import android.view.Menu;

   7:  import android.view.View;

   8:  import android.widget.Button;

   9:  import android.widget.TextView;

  10:  ?

  11:  public class MainActivity extends Activity 

  12:  ?

  13:      Button btnCallWcf;

  14:      TextView txtMsg;

  15:      @Override

  16:      protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 

  17:          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

  18:          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

  19:          

  20:          btnCallWcf=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.btnCallWcf);

  21:          txtMsg=(TextView)this.findViewById(R.id.txtMsg);

  22:          

  23:          btnCallWcf.setOnClickListener(WcfCall);

  24:      

  25:      

  26:      private Button.OnClickListener WcfCall=new Button.OnClickListener()

  27:  ?

  28:          @Override

  29:          public void onClick(View arg0) 

  30:              runOnUiThread(new Runnable() 

  31:                  @Override

  32:                  public void run() 

  33:                      try

  34:                          String wsURL="http://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:905/basicHttpSoapHeader.host/MyProducts.svc?singleWsdl";

  35:                          String soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IProductService/SaySomething";

  36:                          StringBuilder soapBody=new StringBuilder();

  37:                          soapBody.append("n");

  38:                          soapBody.append("  n");

  39:                          soapBody.append("    testmann");

  40:                          soapBody.append("    a123456n");

  41:                          soapBody.append("  n");

  42:                          soapBody.append("  n");

  43:                          soapBody.append("    n");

  44:                          soapBody.append("      中文 & english 测试n");

  45:                          soapBody.append("    n");

  46:                          soapBody.append("  n"); 

  47:                          soapBody.append("n");

  48:                          

  49:                          SoapObject client=new SoapObject();

  50:                          client.setWsURL(wsURL);

  51:                          client.setSoapAction(soapAction);

  52:                          client.setSoapBody(soapBody.toString());

  53:                          

  54:                          txtMsg.setText(client.sendRequest());

  55:                          Log.v("success", txtMsg.getText().toString());

  56:                          catch(Exception er)

  57:                              Log.d("MAIN err", er.getMessage());

  58:                          

  59:                      

  60:                  

  61:              );

  62:              

  63:          

  64:          

  65:      ;

  66:  ?

  67:  

执行的结果

有了这些做法﹐应该可以应付很多状况了。

原文:大专栏  WCF安全性认证：SoapHeader(二)使用HTTP Request调用