Linux系统 MySQL-5.6 主从

Posted 2022-10-15 devops-docker

mysql数据库版本

1.选择 GA版本，稳定5.5或5.6并且在6个月以上

2.前后几个月无大bug修复或无大量bug修复版本

创建用户名

# groupadd mysql

# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

# mv mysql-5.6.43-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

数据库安装

# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

拷贝文件

# cp -r /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

# cp -r /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# cp -r /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/

修改权限

# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

# mkdir /var/lib/mysql

# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

加入到系统服务

# chkconfig --add mysqld

# systemctl start mysqld

# systemctl enable mysqld

# /sbin/chkconfig mysqld on　　

在主库给从库授权

创建用户添加权限

# CREATE USER ‘rep1‘@‘192.168.2.242‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456‘;

# GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘rep1‘@‘192.168.2.242‘;

# GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO ‘root‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY  ‘123456‘ WITH GRANT OPTION;

刷新权限，立马生效

# FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 

查看并记录 File和Position字段

# show master status;

从库

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.2.243‘,MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER=‘rep1‘,MASTER_PASSWORD=‘123456‘,MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000006‘,MASTER_LOG_POS=199;

#启动从复制功能

# START SLAVE; 

#停止从复制功能的命令

# STOP SLAVE; 

#重置从复制功能的配置，会清除 master.info 和 relay-log.info 两个文件

# RESET SLAVE;

显示从库复制状态

# SHOW SLAVE STATUS\\G 

 

 

数据库调优

1.删除测试库

# drop database test;

2.创建用户给予权限

# CREATE USER ‘icomp‘@‘%‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘icomp‘;

# GRANT ALL ON *.* TO ‘icomp‘@‘%‘;

3.修改用户密码

# update user set password=password(‘root‘) where user=‘root‘;

4.查看用户权限

# select user,host,password from mysql.user;

# show grants for ‘rep1‘@‘192.168.2.208‘;

5.查看MySQL运行情况

# SHOW STATUS;

6.查看INNODB数据库引擎运行状态

# SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS;

7.查看当前正在进行的进程，对于有锁表等情况的排查很有用处

默认显示前100条 

# SHOW PROCESSLIST;

显示所有

# SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST;

8.查看MySQL的配置参数

# SHOW VARIABLES;

9.查看当前已经被打开的表列表

# SHOW OPEN TABLES;

10.备份数据库

# mysqldump -uroot -proot --all-databases >./BackupName.sql

11.恢复数据库

# mysql -u root -proot < BackupName.sql

12.查看用户权限

# show grants for ‘mengqi‘@‘%‘;

13.给予用户权限

# grant insert,update,delete,select,create, alter on *.* to mengqi@"%" identified by "123456";

# grant create routine on *.* to mengqi@"%" identified by "123456";

14.回收用户权限

#revoke all privileges on *.* from mengqi@"%";

 

配置文件my.cnf

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
#default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
#innodb
user=mysql
port = 3306
#设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
innodb_buffer_pool_size=6G
innodb_log_file_size=2G
innodb_log_buffer_size=8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
innodb_file_per_table=1
innodb_file_io_threads=4
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
innodb_io_capacity=2000
innodb_io_capacity_max=6000
innodb_lru_scan_depth=2000
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size=16M
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2
# Binary log/replication
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
#不同步的数据库
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
#指定需要同步的数据库
binlog-do-db=test

sync_binlog=1
sync_relay_log=1
relay-log-info-repository=TABLE
master-info-repository=TABLE
expire_logs_days=7
binlog_format=ROW
transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED
#cache
tmp_table_size=512M
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
skip-external-locking
back_log=1024
key_buffer_size=1024M
thread_stack=256k
read_buffer_size=8M
thread_cache_size=64
query_cache_size=128M
max_heap_table_size=256M
query_cache_type=1
binlog_cache_size = 2M
table_open_cache=128
thread_cache=1024
thread_concurrency=8
wait_timeout=86400
interactive_timeout=7200
join_buffer_size = 1024M
sort_buffer_size = 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
#connect
max-connect-errors=100000
max-connections=1000
##
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABL