PAT 甲级 1052 Linked List Sorting (25 分)（数组模拟链表，没注意到不一定所有节点都在链表里）

Posted 2022-10-09 caiyishuai

1052 Linked List Sorting (25 分)

 

A linked list consists of a series of structures, which are not necessarily adjacent in memory. We assume that each structure contains an integer key and a Next pointer to the next structure. Now given a linked list, you are supposed to sort the structures according to their key values in increasing order.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains a positive N (<) and an address of the head node, where N is the total number of nodes in memory and the address of a node is a 5-digit positive integer. NULL is represented by −.

Then N lines follow, each describes a node in the format:

Address Key Next

where Address is the address of the node in memory, Key is an integer in [−], and Next is the address of the next node. It is guaranteed that all the keys are distinct and there is no cycle in the linked list starting from the head node.

Output Specification:

For each test case, the output format is the same as that of the input, where N is the total number of nodes in the list and all the nodes must be sorted order.

Sample Input:

5 00001
11111 100 -1
00001 0 22222
33333 100000 11111
12345 -1 33333
22222 1000 12345

Sample Output:

5 12345
12345 -1 00001
00001 0 11111
11111 100 22222
22222 1000 33333
33333 100000 -1

 

题意：

给出一个链表，将链表排序，然后把链表上的结点按照data值的从小到大顺序输出。

题解：

数组模拟链表

先后使用两种不同的存储方式。

注意：

1.不一定所有的节点都在链表里（一开始没仔细读题，只得了21分）

2.链表中没有元素时候第一行不输出，第二行输出 0 -1。

AC代码：

#include<iostream>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include<cstring>
using namespace std;
int n;
struct node
    int k;
    int next;
a[100005];
struct node2
    int k;
    int add;
b[100005];
int x;
bool cmp(node2 x,node2 y)
    return x.k<y.k;

int main()
    int root;
    cin>>n>>root;
    a[root].next=-2;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        cin>>x;
        cin>>a[x].k>>a[x].next;//这样存储
    
    int num=0;
    if(a[root].next==-2)//没有一个在链表里
        printf("%d %d",0,-1);
        return 0;
    
    while(a[root].next!=-1)//排序的节点必须都在链表里
        b[++num].k=a[root].k;//换一种存储节点的方式，按顺序存储
        b[num].add=root;
        root=a[root].next;
    
    b[++num].k=a[root].k;
    b[num].add=root;
    sort(b+1,b+1+num,cmp);
    printf("%d %05d\n",num,b[1].add);
    for(int i=1;i<=num;i++)
        printf("%05d %d ",b[i].add,b[i].k);
        if(i!=num) printf("%05d\n",b[i+1].add);
        else cout<<"-1";
    
    return 0;

 

柳神的题解写的更好，学习一下：

分析：建立结构体数组，按照从首地址开始的顺序（直到-1）遍历一遍整个链表，将在链表中的结点的flag标记为true，并且统计cnt（有效结点的个数）。（因为有的结点根本不在链表中）
然后将链表进行排序，如果flag == false就把他们移动到后面（即：reuturn a.flag > b.flag）,最后只输出前cnt个链表的信息～

#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct NODE 
    int address, key, next;
    bool flag;
node[100000];
int cmp1(NODE a, NODE b) 
    return !a.flag || !b.flag ? a.flag > b.flag : a.key < b.key;

int main() 
    int n, cnt = 0, s, a, b, c;
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &s);
    for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) 
        scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);
        node[a] = a, b, c, false;
    
    for(int i = s; i != -1; i = node[i].next) 
        node[i].flag = true;
        cnt++;
    
    if(cnt == 0) 
        printf("0 -1");
     else 
        sort(node, node + 100000, cmp1);
        printf("%d %05d\n", cnt, node[0].address);
        for(int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) 
            printf("%05d %d ", node[i].address, node[i].key);
            if(i != cnt - 1)
                printf("%05d\n", node[i + 1].address);
            else
                printf("-1\n");
        
    
    return 0;