Django restframework

Posted 2022-09-29 wt7018

一、总纲

1、一切皆资源，操作既请求

2、分析

一个类(无参数)

查所有数据　　　　get　　　　　　　   返回所有数据

添加数据　　　　    post　　　　　　    返回添加的数据

另一个类(含参数)

查看某一条数据　　　　get　　　　　　返回这一条数据

修改某一条数据　　       put　　　　　　返回修改的这条数据

删除某条数据　　　　   delete　　　　   返回None

二、ModelSerializer

1、简介

用法与ModelForm相似

2、作用

a、models表与序列化直接关联

b、校验、保存、更新数据

3、自定义字段

4、Hyperlink

三、例子

1、配置文件

restframwork相当于app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ‘django.contrib.admin‘,
    ‘django.contrib.auth‘,
    ‘django.contrib.contenttypes‘,
    ‘django.contrib.sessions‘,
    ‘django.contrib.messages‘,
    ‘django.contrib.staticfiles‘,
    ‘app01.apps.App01Config‘,
    ‘rest_framework‘,
]

setting.py

2、模型(储存表关系)

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.


class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price = models.IntegerField()
    pub_date = models.DateField()
    publish = models.ForeignKey("Publish", on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    authors = models.ManyToManyField("Author")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title


class Publish(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email = models.EmailField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age = models.IntegerField()

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

models.py

3、路由(CBV)

urlpatterns = [
    path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls),

    path(‘books/‘, views.BookView.as_view()),
    path(‘books/<book_id>/‘, views.BookDetailView.as_view()),

    path(‘publish/‘, views.PublishView.as_view()),
    path(‘publish/<publish_id>/‘, views.PublishDetailView.as_view()),
]

views.py

4、模型序列化

from rest_framework import serializers
from app01.models import Author, Publish, Book


# 作者表的序列化
class PublishModelSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Publish
        fields = "__all__"


class BookModelSerialize(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = ‘__all__‘

模型序列化

5、视图

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from app01.serialize import BookModelSerialize, PublishModelSerialize
from app01.models import Author, Publish, Book
from rest_framework.response import Response
# Create your views here.


class BookView(APIView):
    # 查看书籍， 返回所有数据(书籍信息)
    def get(self, request):
        book_list = Book.objects.all()
        book_serialize = BookModelSerialize(book_list, many=True)
        # return HttpResponse(author_serialize.data)
        return Response(book_serialize.data)

    # 添加书籍，并返回改书籍的数据
    def post(self, request):
        # 反序列化
        book = BookModelSerialize(data=request.data)
        if book.is_valid():
            book.save()
            return Response(book.data)
        else:
            return Response(book.errors)


class BookDetailView(APIView):
    # 查看某一部书，返回这本书
    def get(self, request, book_id):
        book_obj = Book.objects.filter(pk=book_id).first()
        book_serialize = BookModelSerialize(book_obj)
        return Response(book_serialize.data)

    # 修改书籍， 返回修改后的数据
    def put(self, request, book_id):
        book_obj = Book.objects.filter(pk=book_id).first()
        # 反序列化
        book = BookModelSerialize(book_obj, data=request.data)
        if book.is_valid():
            book.save()
            return Response(book.data)
        else:
            return Response(book.errors)

    # 删除书籍 返回None
    def delete(self, request, book_id):
        Book.objects.filter(pk=book_id).delete()
        return Response()


class PublishView(APIView):
    # 查看出版社， 返回所有数据(出版社信息)
    def get(self, request):
        publish_list = Publish.objects.all()
        publish_serialize = PublishModelSerialize(publish_list, many=True)
        # return HttpResponse(author_serialize.data)
        return Response(publish_serialize.data)

    # 添加出版社，并返回该出版社的数据
    def post(self, request):
        # 反序列化
        publish = PublishModelSerialize(data=request.data)
        if publish.is_valid():
            publish.save()
            return Response(publish.data)
        else:
            return Response(publish.errors)


class PublishDetailView(APIView):
    # 查看某一出版社，返回该出版社
    def get(self, request, publish_id):
        publish_obj = Publish.objects.filter(pk=publish_id).first()
        publish_serialize = PublishModelSerialize(publish_obj)
        return Response(publish_serialize.data)

    # 修改出版社， 返回修改后的数据
    def put(self, request, publish_id):
        publish_obj = Publish.objects.filter(pk=publish_id).first()
        # 反序列化
        publish = PublishModelSerialize(publish_obj, data=request.data)
        if publish.is_valid():
            publish.save()
            return Response(publish.data)
        else:
            return Response(publish.errors)

    # 删除出版社 返回None
    def delete(self, request, publish_id):
        Publish.objects.filter(pk=publish_id).delete()
        return Response()

视图