（12）ElasticSearch 基本查询（Query查询）
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1、数据准备
PUT /lib3 "settings": "number_of_shards":3, "number_of_replicas":0 , "mappings": "user": "properties": "name":"type":"text", "address":"type":"text", "age":"type":"integer", "interests":"type":"text", "birthday":"type":"date"
put /lib3/user/1 "name":"zhaoliu", "address":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi", "age":50, "birthday":"1970-12-12", "interests":"xi huang hejiu,duanlian,lvyou" put /lib3/user/2 "name":"zhaoming", "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age":20, "birthday":"1998-10-12", "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" put /lib3/user/3 "name":"lisi", "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age":23, "birthday":"1998-10-12", "interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge" put /lib3/user/4 "name":"wangwu", "address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen", "age":26, "birthday":"1998-10-12", "interests":"xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou" put /lib3/user/5 "name":"zhangsan", "address":"bei jing chao yang qu", "age":29, "birthday":"1988-10-12", "interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu"
2、查询
GET /lib3/user/_search?q=name:lisi 查询name是lisi的记录
GET /lib3/user/_search?q=interests:changge&sort=age:desc 查询兴趣包含唱歌的，并且按照年龄倒序排序
term、terms查询：
term query会去倒排索引中寻找确切的term，它并不知道分词器的存在，这种查询适合keyword、numeric、date。
term：查询某个字段里含有某个关键词的文档
（1）查询name是zhaoliu的：
GET /lib3/user/_search/ "query": "term":"name":"zhaoliu"
（2）查询兴趣包含喝酒或者唱歌的：
get /lib3/user/_search "query": "terms": "interests":["hejiu","changge"]
（3）查询兴趣包含喝酒或者唱歌的，下标从0开始，取出两个：
get /lib3/user/_search "from":0, "size":2, "query": "terms": "interests":["hejiu","changge"]
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