23种设计模式之抽象工厂
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抽象工厂
当想创建一组密不可分的对象时,工厂方法似乎就不够用了
抽象工厂是应对产品族概念的。应对产品族概念而生,增加新的产品线很容易,但是无法增加新的产品。比如,每个汽车公司可能要同时生产轿车、货车、客车,那么每一个工厂都要有创建轿车、货车和客车的方法
优点:向客户端提供一个接口,使得客户端在不必指定产品具体类型的情况下,创建多个产品族中的产品对象
缺点:增加新的产品等级结构很复杂,需要修改抽象工厂和所有的具体工厂类,对“开闭原则”的支持呈现倾斜性
1 public interface IRace 2 3 /// <summary> 4 /// show出王者 5 /// </summary> 6 void ShowKing(); 7 8 public interface IArmy 9 10 void ShowArmy(); 11 12 public interface IHero 13 14 void ShowHero(); 15 16 public interface ILuck 17 18 void ShowLuck(); 19 20 public interface IResource 21 22 void ShowResource(); 23
1 /// <summary> 2 /// War3种族之一 3 /// </summary> 4 public class Human : IRace 5 6 public Human(int id, DateTime dateTime, string reamrk) 7 8 public Human() 9 10 11 public void ShowKing() 12 13 Console.WriteLine("The King of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "Sky"); 14 15 16 17 public class HumanArmy : IArmy 18 19 20 public void ShowArmy() 21 22 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "footman,火枪,骑士,狮鹫"); 23 24 25 26 public class HumanHero : IHero 27 28 public void ShowHero() 29 30 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "大法师、山丘、圣骑士、血法师"); 31 32 33 public class HumanResource : IResource 34 35 36 public void ShowResource() 37 38 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "1000G1000W"); 39 40
1 /// <summary> 2 /// War3种族之一 3 /// </summary> 4 public class ORC : IRace 5 6 public void ShowKing() 7 8 Console.WriteLine("The King of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "Grubby"); 9 10 11 12 public class ORCArmy : IArmy 13 14 15 public void ShowArmy() 16 17 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "大G、风骑士、蝙蝠、战车、牛头人"); 18 19 20 21 public class ORCHero : IHero 22 23 public void ShowHero() 24 25 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "剑圣、小萨满、先知、牛头人酋长"); 26 27 28 public class ORCResource : IResource 29 30 31 public void ShowResource() 32 33 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "1000G1000W"); 34 35
1 /// <summary> 2 /// War3种族之一 3 /// </summary> 4 public class Undead : IRace 5 6 public void ShowKing() 7 8 Console.WriteLine("The King of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "GoStop"); 9 10 11 12 public class UndeadArmy : IArmy 13 14 15 public void ShowArmy() 16 17 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "食尸鬼,蜘蛛,雕像,战车,憎恶,冰霜巨龙"); 18 19 20 21 public class UndeadHero : IHero 22 23 public void ShowHero() 24 25 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "DK、Lich、小强、恐惧魔王"); 26 27 28 public class UndeadResource : IResource 29 30 31 public void ShowResource() 32 33 Console.WriteLine("The Army of 0 is 1", this.GetType().Name, "1000G1000W"); 34 35
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 一个工厂负责一些产品的创建 3 /// 产品簇 4 /// 单一职责就是创建完整的产品簇 5 /// 6 /// 继承抽象类后,必须显式的override父类的抽象方法 7 /// </summary> 8 public abstract class FactoryAbstract 9 10 public abstract IRace CreateRace(); 11 public abstract IArmy CreateArmy(); 12 public abstract IHero CreateHero(); 13 public abstract IResource CreateResource(); 14 15 //public abstract ILuck CreateLuck(); 16
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 一个工厂负责一些产品的创建 3 /// </summary> 4 public class HumanFactory : FactoryAbstract 5 6 public override IRace CreateRace() 7 8 return new Human(); 9 10 11 public override IArmy CreateArmy() 12 13 return new HumanArmy(); 14 15 public override IHero CreateHero() 16 17 return new HumanHero(); 18 19 public override IResource CreateResource() 20 21 return new HumanResource(); 22 23
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 一个工厂负责一些产品的创建 3 /// </summary> 4 public class ORCFactory : FactoryAbstract 5 6 public override IRace CreateRace() 7 8 return new ORC(); 9 10 11 public override IArmy CreateArmy() 12 13 return new ORCArmy(); 14 15 public override IHero CreateHero() 16 17 return new ORCHero(); 18 19 public override IResource CreateResource() 20 21 return new ORCResource(); 22 23
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 一个工厂负责一些产品的创建 3 /// </summary> 4 public class UndeadFactory : FactoryAbstract 5 6 public override IRace CreateRace() 7 8 return new Undead(); 9 10 11 public override IArmy CreateArmy() 12 13 return new UndeadArmy(); 14 15 public override IHero CreateHero() 16 17 return new UndeadHero(); 18 19 public override IResource CreateResource() 20 21 return new UndeadResource(); 22 23
前端调用
1 2 IRace race = new Undead(); 3 IArmy army = new UndeadArmy(); 4 IHero hero = new UndeadHero(); 5 IResource resource = new UndeadResource(); 6 //1 对象转移,屏蔽细节,让使用者更轻松 7 //2 对象簇的工厂 8 9 10 11 //System.Data.SqlClient.SqlClientFactory 12 FactoryAbstract undeadFactory = new UndeadFactory(); 13 IRace race = undeadFactory.CreateRace();// new Undead(); 14 IArmy army = undeadFactory.CreateArmy();//new UndeadArmy(); 15 IHero hero = undeadFactory.CreateHero();//new UndeadHero(); 16 IResource resource = undeadFactory.CreateResource();//new UndeadResource(); 17 18 19 FactoryAbstract humanFactory = new HumanFactory(); 20 IRace race = humanFactory.CreateRace(); 21 IArmy army = humanFactory.CreateArmy(); 22 IHero hero = humanFactory.CreateHero(); 23 IResource resource = humanFactory.CreateResource(); 24
抽象工厂:创建对象,创建一组密不可分的对象
创建产品簇,多个对象是个整体,不可分割
工厂+约束
工厂
倾斜的可扩展性设计
扩展种族很方便
增加产品很麻烦
工厂方法与抽象工厂
1、工厂方法
一个抽象产品类,可以派生出多个具体产品类。一个抽象工厂类,可以派生出多个具体工厂类。每个具体工厂类只能创建一个具体产品类的实例
2、抽象工厂
多个抽象产品类,每个抽象产品类可以派生出多个具体产品类。一个抽象工厂类,可以派生出多个具体工厂类。每个具体工厂类可以创建多个具体产品类的实例
3、工厂方法与抽象工厂的区别
工厂方法模式只有一个抽象产品类,而抽象工厂模式有多个。工厂方法模式的具体工厂类只能创建一个具体产品类的实例,而抽象工厂模式可以创建多个
本文参考文档:https://blog.csdn.net/liuziteng0228/article/details/54849055
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