113-使用mysql数据库

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使用Ubuntu+Django+mysql,有很多很多天坑!

这里首先尝试利用Python来对MySQL进行简单操作。

 

1、安装mysql

(1)去mysql官网下载社区版,选择Ubuntu系统及版本后(我用的是Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS),会给出一个apt下载和管理的方案:MySQL APT Repository;

下载对应的deb文件:mysql-apt-config_0.8.13-1_all.deb,双击安装或者命令行安装都行,之后的步骤很反人类,反正我迄今都没搞清楚,总之只能选中ok,然后才能下一步;

mysql-apt-config_0.8.13-1_all.deb文件用来使Ubuntu用户通过apt-get的方式能够下载到最新的MySQL

(2)运行命令:sudo apt-get update

(3)运行命令:sudo apt-get install mysql-server,这一步正式开始安装,中间要输入2次针对root用户的密码

(4)验证安装:

lzhshn@lzhshn-pc:~$ dpkg -l | grep mysql | grep ii
ii  libmysqlclient20:amd64                     5.7.27-0ubuntu0.18.04.1                      amd64        MySQL database client library
ii  libqt4-sql-mysql:amd64                     4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1                        amd64        Qt 4 MySQL database driver
ii  mysql-apt-config                           0.8.13-1                                     all          Auto configuration for MySQL APT Repo.
ii  mysql-client                               8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        MySQL Client meta package depending on latest version
ii  mysql-common                               8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        Common files shared between packages
ii  mysql-community-client                     8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        MySQL Client
ii  mysql-community-client-core                8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        MySQL Client Core Binaries
ii  mysql-community-server                     8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        MySQL Server
ii  mysql-community-server-core                8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        MySQL Server Core Binaires
ii  mysql-server                               8.0.17-1ubuntu18.04                          amd64        MySQL Server meta package depending on latest version
lzhshn@lzhshn-pc:~$ 

 

2、进入MySQL

lzhshn@lzhshn-pc:~$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

 

3、创建和查看数据库,这里创建了一个叫“test”的数据库

mysql> CREATE DATABASE test CHARACTER SET utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 

4、创建数据表(强调:在test数据库之下,创建数据表)

(1)使用use test,表示这个数据表在test数据库之下

(2)然后创建数据表,含表名,字段名,字段类型和长度,其中分号和逗号的书写方式一定不能出错

mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> CREATE TABLE user_info(
    -> username varchar(32),
    -> gender varchar(8)
    -> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

 

5、安装pymysql,使用pip3 install pymysql --user,如果不加--user,会提示权限问题

 

6、尝试用python往数据表添加、插入一条数据

import pymysql

conn = pymysql.connect(
    host=‘localhost‘,
    port=3306,
    user=‘root‘,
    password=‘19830427‘,
    database=‘test‘,
    charset=‘utf8‘,
)

cursor = conn.cursor()
sql = ‘insert into user_info(username,gender) values(%s,%s);‘

username = ‘jack‘
gender = ‘male‘
cursor.execute(sql, [username, gender])
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()

 (1)建立和数据库的连接

(2)创建一个cursor

(3)赋值并把值写入数据表对应的字段下

(4)关闭事件和连接

 

7、查看添加的结果

mysql> select * from user_info;
+----------+--------+
| username | gender |
+----------+--------+
| jack     | male   |
+----------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

 

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