MySQL 多个in 条件需要注意的地方

Posted 2022-08-21

mysql当对一列进行操作时，如果in的条件太多，即使这列上有索引，也是导致执行计划不走索引
因为搜索的记录数太多，MySQL会认为全表扫描可能会更快

对一个表进行删除操作，如果这个列上没有索引，或者执行计划没有走搜索，会导致删除锁住全部的列

sesson1

mysql> show indexes from city1;
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| city1 |          0 | PRIMARY  |            1 | ID          | A         |        3764 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
| city1 |          1 | idx_code |            1 | CountryCode | A         |         232 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> alter table city1 drop index idx_code;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> 
mysql> 
mysql> select * from city1 limit 10;
+----+----------------+-------------+---------------+------------+
| ID | Name           | CountryCode | District      | Population |
+----+----------------+-------------+---------------+------------+
|  1 | Kabul          | AFG         | Kabol         |    1780000 |
|  2 | Qandahar       | AFG         | Qandahar      |     237500 |
|  3 | Herat          | AFG         | Herat         |     186800 |
|  4 | Mazar-e-Sharif | AFG         | Balkh         |     127800 |
|  5 | Amsterdam      | NLD         | Noord-Holland |     731200 |
|  6 | Rotterdam      | NLD         | Zuid-Holland  |     593321 |
|  7 | Haag           | NLD         | Zuid-Holland  |     440900 |
|  8 | Utrecht        | NLD         | Utrecht       |     234323 |
|  9 | Eindhoven      | NLD         | Noord-Brabant |     201843 |
| 10 | Tilburg        | NLD         | Noord-Brabant |     193238 |
+----+----------------+-------------+---------------+------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> begin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> update city1 set name=‘aaa‘ where CountryCode=‘AFG‘;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0

session2

mysql> begin
    -> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from city1  where CountryCode=‘NLD‘;
ERROR 1205 (HY000): Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction