re 妯″潡銆乼yping 妯″潡銆乧ollections 妯″潡

Posted 2022-08-18

鏍囩锛?a href='http://www.mamicode.com/so/1/%e4%b8%8b%e5%88%92%e7%ba%bf' title='涓嬪垝绾?>涓嬪垝绾?/a>   pen   find   渚嬮   counter   iterator   鎻掑叆   UNC   

鐩綍

• 涓€銆乺e 妯″潡
  • 1銆佸鍏ユ柟寮?/a>
  • 2銆佷綔鐢?/a>
  • 3銆佸熀鏈娉?/a>
  • 4銆佹ā鍧楁柟娉?/a>
  • 5銆佸簲鐢ㄤ妇渚?/a>
• 浜屻€乼yping 妯″潡
  • 1銆佸鍏ユ柟寮?/a>
  • 2銆佷綔鐢?/a>
  • 3銆佹柟娉?/a>
• 涓夈€乧ollections 妯″潡
  • 1銆佸鍏ユ柟寮?/a>
  • 2銆佷綔鐢?/a>
  • 3銆佹柟娉?/a>
    • 3.1 鏈夊悕鍏冪粍 namedtuple
    • 3.2 榛樿瀛楀吀 defaultdict
    • 3.3 鍙岀闃熷垪
    • 涓€銆乺e 妯″潡

      1銆佸鍏ユ柟寮?/h2>

      import re

      2銆佷綔鐢?/h2>

      浠庡瓧绗︿覆閲屾壘鐗瑰畾鐨勫瓧绗︿覆

      3銆佸熀鏈娉?/h2>

      • ^鍖归厤寮€澶?/p>

        s = 'abdhgtsab'
        print(re.findall('^abd',s))
        # ['abd']  寮€澶存湁灏辫緭鍑篴bd锛屾病鏈夊氨鍥炶繑鍥瀃]

      • $ 鍖归厤缁撳熬

        s = 'abdhgtsab'
        print(re.findall('ab$',s))
        
        # ['ab']  缁撳熬鏈夊氨杩斿洖ab锛屾病鏈夊氨杩斿洖[]

      • [] 鍖归厤[]鍐呯殑瀛楃

        s = 'acefghjkacefsdfsdf'
        print(re.findall('[acef]', s))  # 鍙[]鍐呯殑鍗曚釜瀛楃
        -------------------------------------------------------------
        ['a', 'c', 'e', 'f', 'a', 'c', 'e', 'f', 'f', 'f']

      • ^[]瀵筟]閲岄潰鐨勫厓绱犲彇鍙?鍙栧嚭闄や簡[]鍐呯殑鍏冪礌澶栫殑姣忎釜瀛楃

        s = 'acefghjkacefsdfsdf'
        print(re.findall('[^acef]', s))
        ------------------------------------------------------
        ['g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 's', 'd', 's', 'd']

      • .浠绘剰瀛楃锛堥櫎浜哱n锛?/p>

      s = 'acefghjkacefsdfsdf'
      print(re.findall('a..', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['aba', 'ada']

      • *鍓嶉潰鐨勫瓧绗?-鏃犵┓涓?/li>

      s = 'abaacaaaaa'
      print(re.findall('a*', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['a', '', 'aa', '', 'aaaaa', '']

      • +鍓嶉潰鐨勫瓧绗?-鏃犵┓涓?/li>

      s = 'abaacaaaaa'
      print(re.findall('a+', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['a', 'aa', 'aaaaa']

      • ?鍓嶉潰鐨勫瓧绗?-1涓?/li>

      s = 'abaacaaaaa'
      print(re.findall('a?', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['a', '', 'a', 'a', '', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', 'a', '']

      • m鍓嶉潰鐨勫瓧绗涓?/li>

      s = 'abaacaaaaa'
      print(re.findall('a5', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['aaaaa']

      • m,n鍓嶉潰鐨勫瓧绗-n涓?/li>

      s = 'abaacaaaaa'
      print(re.findall('a2,5', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['aa', 'aaaaa']

      • \d鏁板瓧

      s = 's  1   s+\n=$\t2_s  3'
      print(re.findall('\d', s)
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['1', '2', '3']

      • \D闈炴暟瀛?/li>

      s = 's  1   s+\n=$\t2_s  3'
      print(re.findall('\D', s)
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['s', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', 's', '+', '\n', '=', '$', '\t', '_', 's', ' ', ' ']

      • \w鏁板瓧/瀛楁瘝/涓嬪垝绾?/li>

      s = 's  1   s+\n=$\t2_s  3'
      print(re.findall('\w', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['s', '1', 's', '2', '_', 's', '3']

      • \W闈炴暟瀛?瀛楁瘝/涓嬪垝绾?/li>

      s = 's  1   s+\n=$\t2_s  3'
      print(re.findall('\W', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      [' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', '+', '\n', '=', '$', '\t', ' ', ' ']

      • \s绌烘牸/\t/\n

      s = 's  1   s+\n=$\t2_s  3'
      print(re.findall('\s', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      [' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', '\n', '\t', ' ', ' ']

      • \S闈炵┖鏍?\t/\n

      s = 's  1   s+\n=$\t2_s  3'
      print(re.findall('\S', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['s', '1', 's', '+', '=', '$', '2', '_', 's', '3']

      • \鍙栨秷鎰忎箟

      s = 'aba\d'
      print(re.findall(r'a\\d', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['a\\d']

      • .*璐┆妯″紡(鏈€澶у寲),鎵惧埌缁х画鎵?璁╃粨鏋滄渶澶у寲

      s = 'abbbcabc'
      print(re.findall('a.*c', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['abbbcabc']

      • .*?闈炶椽濠ā寮?鏈€灏忓寲),鎵惧埌灏遍┈涓婂仠姝?/li>

      s = 'abbbcabc'
      print(re.findall('a.*?c', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['abbbc', 'abc']

      • ()鍙鎷彿鍐呯殑

      s = 'abacad'
      print(re.findall('a(.)', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['b', 'c', 'd']

      • A|B A鍜孊閮借

      s = 'abacad'
      print(re.findall('a|b', s))
      ------------------------------------------------------
      ['a', 'b', 'a', 'a']

      4銆佹ā鍧楁柟娉?/h2>

      re.mathch(): 浠庡紑澶存悳绱?鎼滅储鍒颁簡灏辨湁,娌℃悳绱㈠埌灏辨槸none

      s = 'abc123\ndef456'
      res = re.match('\d+', s)  #浠庡紑澶存悳绱㈡暟瀛?鎼滅储鍒颁簡灏辨湁,娌℃悳绱㈠埌灏辨槸none 
      print(res)
      ----------------------------------------------
      None
      s = '123abc123\ndef456'
      res = re.match('\d+', s)
      print(res)   #杩斿洖鐨勬槸涓€涓璞?print(res.group())  #瀵硅薄蹇呴』鐢╣roup()杩斿洖
      -----------------------------------------------------
      <re.Match object; span=(0, 3), match='123'>

      re.search(): 鎼滅储绗竴涓尮閰嶇粨鏋?鎵惧埌浜嗗氨涓嶆壘浜?/p>

      s = '123abc123\ndef456'
      res = re.search('\d+', s)
      print(res)
      print(res.group())
      ------------------------------------------------------
      123

      re.split(): 鎸夌収鍖归厤瑙勫垯鍒囧壊

      s1 = 'abc324asdfk234lkjsf324lkj'
      print(re.split('\d+', s1))
      -----------------------------------------------
      ['abc', 'asdfk', 'lkjsf', 'lkj']

      re.sub(): 鎸夌収鍖归厤瑙勫垯鏇挎崲(閲嶇偣)

      s1 = 'abc324asdfk234lkjsf324lkj'
      print(re.sub('\d+', '***', s1))
      -----------------------------------------------
      abc***asdfk***lkjsf***lkj

      re.subn(): 鎸夌収鍖归厤瑙勫垯鏇挎崲,骞惰鏁?/p>

      s1 = 'abc324asdfk234lkjsf324lkj'
      print(re.subn('\d+', '***', s1))
      -----------------------------------------------
      ('abc***asdfk***lkjsf***lkj', 3)

      5銆佸簲鐢ㄤ妇渚?/h2>

      渚嬮锛?/p>

      ? 1.瀵逛簬瀛楃涓?code>Life234234is beautiful234because234of persistence

      ? 2.璇蜂娇鐢╮e妯″潡 涓€琛屼唬鐮?/strong> 杩樺師杩欏彞璇濅负Life is beautiful because of persistence

      import re
      
      s = 'Life234234is    beautiful234because234of    persistence'
      
      # 缁撴灉涓猴細Life is beautiful because of persistence

      瑙ｇ瓟锛?/p>

      print(" ".join(re.sub('[0-9]', " ", s).split()))

      浜屻€乼yping 妯″潡

      1銆佸鍏ユ柟寮?/h2>

      from typing import xxx

      2銆佷綔鐢?/h2>

      鎻愪緵鐢熸垚鍣ㄧ被鍨嬶紙cenerator锛夛紝鍙凯浠ｇ被鍨嬶紙iterable锛夛紝杩唬鍣ㄧ被鍨嬶紙iterator锛変笁绉嶆暟鎹被鍨嬶紝闄愬埗鍑芥暟

      3銆佹柟娉?/h2>

      from typing import Generator,Iterable,Iterator
      #          鍙傛暟鐨勬暟鎹被鍨?                                             杩斿洖鍊?def func(i: int, f: float, b: bool, lt: list, tup: tuple, dic: dict,g:Generator) -> tuple:
          lis = [i, f, b, lt, tup, dic]
          return tuple(lis)
      # i, f, b, lt, tup, dic = func(1,2,3,4,5,6) # 涓嶉敊璇?鍙槸涓嶈鑼?def ger():
          yield
      res = func(1, 2, True, [1, 2], (1, 2), 'a': 1,ger())
      print(res)
      -----------------------------------------------------
      (1, 2, True, [1, 2], (1, 2), 'a': 1)

      涓夈€乧ollections 妯″潡

      1銆佸鍏ユ柟寮?/h2>

      from collections import xxx

      2銆佷綔鐢?/h2>

      鐢ㄤ簬澶嶆潅鐨勬暟鎹被鍨?/p>

      3銆佹柟娉?/h2>

      3.1 鏈夊悕鍏冪粍 namedtuple

      from collections import namedtuple
      point = namedtuple('point',['x','y'])
      p = point(1,2)
      print(p.x)
      print(p.y)
      ---------------------------------------------------
      1
      2

      3.2 榛樿瀛楀吀 defaultdict

      from collections import defaultdict
      # dic = 'a':1
      # print(dic['b'])
      dic = defaultdict(lambda :'nan')  # dic =   # 濡傛灉鎵句笉鍒拌祴浜嗕竴涓粯璁ゅ€?dic['a'] = 1
      print(dic['a'])
      print(dic['c'])  #鎵句笉鍒板叧閿瓧c缁檆璧嬩簡涓€涓粯璁ゅ€糿an
      ----------------------------------------------------------
      1
      nan

      3.3 鍙岀闃熷垪

      deque

      浣跨敤list瀛樺偍鏁版嵁鏃讹紝鎸夌储寮曡闂厓绱犲緢蹇紝浣嗘槸鎻掑叆鍜屽垹闄ゅ厓绱犲氨寰堟參浜嗭紝鍥犱负list鏄嚎鎬у瓨鍌紝鏁版嵁閲忓ぇ鐨勬椂鍊欙紝鎻掑叆鍜屽垹闄ゆ晥鐜囧緢浣庛€?/p>

      deque鏄负浜嗛珮鏁堝疄鐜版彃鍏ュ拰鍒犻櫎鎿嶄綔鐨勫弻鍚戝垪琛紝閫傚悎鐢ㄤ簬闃熷垪鍜屾爤锛?/p>

      # lis = [1,2,3]  # 绾挎€ц〃
      # lis.append(4)   #鍦ㄥ悗闈㈣拷鍔?
      # print(lis)
      from collections import deque  # 閾捐〃
      
      de = deque([1,2,3])   
      de.append(4)  #鍦ㄦ渶鍚庨潰杩藉姞4
      print(de)
      de.appendleft(0)   #鍦ㄦ渶鍓嶉潰杩藉姞0
      print(de)   # 榛樿鍒犻櫎宸﹁竟鐨?de.popleft()
      print(de)
      -------------------------------------------------------------
      deque([1, 2, 3, 4])

      '''姣旇緝楹荤儲鐨勬柟娉?#39;'' s= 'programming' # dic = # for i in s: # if i in dic: # dic[i]+=1 # else: # dic[i] =1 # print(dic) ------------------------------------------------------------- 'p': 1, 'r': 2, 'o': 1, 'g': 2, 'a': 1, 'm': 2, 'i': 1, 'n': 1

      # 鏂版柟娉?from collections import Counter
      s= 'programming'
      c = Counter()  # 瀛楀吀
      for i in s:
          c[i] +=1   #鍦ㄥ唴閮ㄨ嚜宸辫繘琛屼簡涓€涓垽鏂?print(c)
      -----------------------------------------------------
      Counter('r': 2, 'g': 2, 'm': 2, 'p': 1, 'o': 1, 'a': 1, 'i': 1, 'n': 1)

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