(Hard) Sudoku Solver - LeetCode

Posted 2022-08-14 codingyangmao

Description:

Write a program to solve a Sudoku puzzle by filling the empty cells.

A sudoku solution must satisfy all of the following rules:

1. Each of the digits 1-9 must occur exactly once in each row.
2. Each of the digits 1-9 must occur exactly once in each column.
3. Each of the the digits 1-9 must occur exactly once in each of the 9 3x3 sub-boxes of the grid.

Empty cells are indicated by the character ‘.‘.

A sudoku puzzle...

...and its solution numbers marked in red.

Note:

• The given board contain only digits 1-9 and the character ‘.‘.
• You may assume that the given Sudoku puzzle will have a single unique solution.
• The given board size is always 9x9.

Accepted

140.8K

Submissions

367.2K

 

Solution:

class Solution 
    public void solveSudoku(char[][] board) 
        
        Solve_Helper(board);
        
        
    
    
    //Helper function SolveSudoku
    /*  Find row, col of an unassigned cell
  If there is none, return true
  For digits from 1 to 9
    a) If there is no conflict for digit at row, col
        assign digit to row, col and recursively try fill in rest of grid
    b) If recursion successful, return true
    c) Else, remove digit and try another
  If all digits have been tried and nothing worked, return false
  */
    
    public boolean Solve_Helper(char[][] board)
        
        int row = -1; 
        
        int col = -1; 
        
        boolean isEmpty = true; 
        
    
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) 
         
            for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)  
             
                if (board[i][j] == ‘.‘)  
                 
                    
                    row = i; 
                    col = j; 

                    // we still have some remaining 
                    // missing values in Sudoku 
                    isEmpty = false;  
                    break; 
                 
             
            
            if (!isEmpty) 
             
                break; 
             
         

        // no empty space left 
        if (isEmpty)  
         
            return true; 
         
        
         // else for each-row backtrack 
        for (char num = ‘1‘; num <= ‘9‘; num++) 
                 
                    if (IsSafe(board, row, col, num)) 
                     
                        board[row][col] = num; 
                        if (Solve_Helper(board))  
                         
                            // print(board, n); 
                            return true; 
                          
                        else
                         
                            board[row][col] = ‘.‘; // replace it 
                         
                     
                 
                return false; 

    
      
    //Helper function to check collison
    public boolean IsSafe(char[][] board,  int row, int col,  char num)
    
        //Check Column Collision
        
        for(int i = 0; i<board.length; i++)
            
            
            if(i!= row && board[i][col]==num)
                
                return false;
            
        
        
        // Check Row Collison
        
        for(int j= 0; j< board[0].length; j++)
            
            if(j!= col && board[row][j] ==num)
            
                return false;
            
        
        
        //Check 3*3 on based on the row and col position
        
        for(int i = row/3*3; i< row/3*3+3; i++)
            
            for(int j = col/3*3; j<col/3*3+3; j++)
                
                if(i!=row &&j!=col && board[i][j]==num)
                    return false;
                
               
            
        
        return true;