form modelform formset modelformset的各种用法

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form modelform formset modelformset的各种用法

 

首先上结论:

  form适用于对单个表单的操作,并且需要对每个字段的验证规则自定义。

  modelform:适用于对用户提交的单个表单操作,字段可以用model中的表的字段来作为验证规则,适用于快速的进行增加、修改。

  formset:适用于对多个表单进行操作,字段需要也可以用model中的表的字段来作为验证规则。

  modelfoemset:适用于对多个表单进行操作,字段需要也可以用model中的表的字段来作为验证规则,速度可能快一些(有待考证)

 form用法

后端代码

from django.forms import widgets

wid_01=widgets.TextInput(attrs="class":"form-control")
wid_02=widgets.PasswordInput(attrs="class":"form-control")

class UserForm(forms.Form):
    name=forms.CharField(max_length=32,
                         widget=wid_01
                         )
    pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
    r_pwd=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_02)
    email=forms.EmailField(widget=wid_01)
    tel=forms.CharField(max_length=32,widget=wid_01)



def register(request):

    if request.method=="POST":
        form=UserForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            print(form.cleaned_data)       # 所有干净的字段以及对应的值
        else:
            print(form.cleaned_data)       #
            print(form.errors)             # ErrorDict : "校验错误的字段":["错误信息",]
            print(form.errors.get("name")) # ErrorList ["错误信息",]
        return HttpResponse("OK")
    form=UserForm()
    return render(request,"register.html",locals())

 

<form action="" method="post">
                    % csrf_token %
                    
                    % for field in form %
                        <div>
                            <label for=""> field.label </label>
                             field 
                        </div>
                    % endfor %
                    <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default pull-right">
                
</form>

 modelform用法

class MenuModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Menu
        fields = __all__
        widgets = 
            title: forms.TextInput(attrs=placeholder: 请输入角色名称, class: form-control),
            icon: forms.Radioselect(
                choices=ICON_LIST
            )
        
        error_messages = 
            title: 
                required: 菜单名称不能为空,
            ,
            icon: 
                required: 请选择图标,
            
        



def menu_add(request):
    """
    添加菜单
    :param request:
    :return:
    """
    if request.method == GET:
        form = MenuModelForm()
    else:
        form = MenuModelForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            print(form.data)
            form.save()
            return redirect(reverse(rbac:menu_list))
    return render(request, rbac/menu_change.html, form: form)


def menu_edit(request, pk):
    """
    编辑菜单
    :param request:
    :return:
    """
    obj = models.Menu.objects.filter(id=pk).first()
    if not obj:
        return HttpResponse(菜单不存在)

    if request.method == GET:
        form = MenuModelForm(instance=obj)
        return render(request, rbac/menu_change.html, form: form)

    form = MenuModelForm(request.POST, instance=obj)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        return redirect(reverse(rbac:menu_list))

 

 

<div class="luffy-container">
        <form class="form-horizontal" method="post" novalidate>
            % csrf_token %
            <div class="form-group">
                <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">菜单名称:</label>
                <div class="col-sm-6">
                     form.title 

                </div>
                <div class="col-sm-offset-1 col-sm-2">
                    <input type="submit" value="保 存" class="btn btn-primary">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">图标:</label>
                <div class="col-sm-7 icon-area">
                     form.icon 
                </div>
                <div class="col-sm-3">
                    <div> form.title.errors.0 </div>
                    <div> form.icon.errors.0 </div>
                </div>
            </div>

        </form>
    </div>

formset用法

 

 

class MultiPermissionForm(forms.Form):
    id = forms.IntegerField(
        widget=forms.HiddenInput(),
        required=False
    )
    title = forms.CharField(
        widget=forms.TextInput(attrs=class: "form-control")
    )
    url = forms.CharField(
        widget=forms.TextInput(attrs=class: "form-control")
    )
    name = forms.CharField(
        widget=forms.TextInput(attrs=class: "form-control")
    )
    menu_id = forms.ChoiceField(
        choices=[(None, -----)],
        widget=forms.Select(attrs=class: "form-control"),
        required=False,

    )

    pid_id = forms.ChoiceField(
        choices=[(None, -----)],
        widget=forms.Select(attrs=class: "form-control"),
        required=False,
    )

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields[menu_id].choices += models.Menu.objects.values_list(id, title)
        self.fields[pid_id].choices += models.Permission.objects.filter(pid__isnull=True).exclude(
            menu__isnull=True).values_list(id, title)

    def clean_pid_id(self):
        menu = self.cleaned_data.get(menu_id)
        pid = self.cleaned_data.get(pid_id)
        if menu and pid:
            raise forms.ValidationError(菜单和根权限同时只能选择一个)
        return pid

def add(request):
    """
      增加
    :param request:
    :return:
    """
    MultiPermissionFormSet = formset_factory(MultiPermissionForm, extra=0)
    if request.method == GET:
        form = MultiPermissionFormSet()
        return render(request,list.html,form:form
    form =    MultiPermissionFormSet(request.post)
    if form.is_valid():
        return redict(url) 
    else:
         .........

def edit(request):
    """
      修改
    :param request:
    :return:
    """
    MultiPermissionFormSet = formset_factory(MultiPermissionForm, extra=0)
    if request.method == GET:
        form = MultiPermissionFormSet(数据)
        # formset是支持批量修改的所以 这里传入的数据一定要是可迭代对象,并且里面的 
          数据类型是字典或者对象
        return render(request,list.html,form:form
    form =    MultiPermissionFormSet(request.post)
    if form.is_valid():
        return redict(url) 
    else:
         .........

 

 

<div class="luffy-container">
        <form method="post" action="?type=generate">
            % csrf_token %
             form.management_form 
    # 这里一定要记得写这一步
            <div class="panel panel-default">
                <!-- Default panel contents -->
                <div class="panel-heading">
                    <i class="fa fa-binoculars" aria-hidden="true"></i> 待新建权限列表
                    <button class="right btn btn-primary btn-xs" style="padding: 2px 8px;margin: -3px;">
                        <i class="fa fa-save" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                        新建
                    </button>
                </div>
                <div class="panel-body" style="color: #9d9d9d;">
                    注意:路由系统中自动发现且数据库中不存在的路由。
                </div>

                <table class="table table-bordered">
                    <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th>序号</th>
                        <th>名称</th>
                        <th>URL</th>
                        <th>别名</th>
                        <th>所属菜单</th>
                        <th>根权限</th>
                    </tr>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                    % for form in generate_formset %
    
                        <tr>
                        <td style="vertical-align: middle;"> forloop.counter </td>
                        % for field in form %  #  这里在渲染标签的时候一定要渲染 id这个标签  这个很重要不然会报错  这里是写了两个fou循环 所以自动渲染了id标签
                            % if forloop.first %
                                <td class="hide">
                                    % else %
                                <td>
                            % endif %
                         field <span style="color: firebrick;"> field.errors.0 </span>
                        </td>
                        % endfor %
                    % endfor %
                    </tbody>
                </table>
            </div>
        </form>    

 

 modelformset用法

class StudyRecordModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = models.StudyRecord
        fields = [student,record,score,homework_note]


 def changelist_view(self,request):
        ccid = request.GET.get(ccid)
        model_formset_cls = modelformset_factory(models.StudyRecord,StudyRecordModelForm,extra=0)
        queryset = models.StudyRecord.objects.filter(course_record_id=ccid)
        if request.method == "GET":
            formset = model_formset_cls(queryset=queryset)
        # 这里UI定是个可迭代对象,因为modelformset是操作多表的,里面的数据类型可以为字典或者对象
return render(request,study_record.html,formset:formset) formset = model_formset_cls(data=request.POST) print(request.POST) if formset.is_valid(): formset.save() return redirect(/stark/crm/studyrecord/list/?ccid=%s %ccid ) return render(request, study_record.html, formset: formset)

 

  <div class="panel panel-default">
        <div class="panel-heading">学习记录</div>
        <div class="panel-body">
            <div style="width: 680px;margin: 0 auto;">
                <form method="post">
                    % csrf_token %
                     formset.management_form 
                   # 这里一定要加这句代码

                    <table class="table table-bordered">
                        <thead>
                        <tr>
                            <th>姓名</th>
                            <th>考勤</th>
                            <th>作业成绩</th>
                            <th>作业评语</th>
                        </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody>
                        % for form in formset %
                            <tr>
                                 form.id   
                           # 这里只写了一层for循环,所以手动写字段,必须把id字段写上
                                <td> form.instance.student </td>
                                <td> form.record   form.record.errors.0 </td>
                                <td> form.score   form.score.errors.0 </td>
                                <td> form.homework_note   form.homework_note.errors.0 </td>
                            </tr>
                        % endfor %
                        </tbody>
                    </table>
                    <input type="submit" value="保存">
                </form>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>                        

 

以上为这四种的区别和用法。

 

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