rest framework 之渲染器
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根据 用户请求URL 或 用户可接受的类型，筛选出合适的 渲染组件。
用户请求头：
Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8一、JSON
1、urls.py
from django.urls import path, re_path, include
from api.views import TestView2
urlpatterns = [
re_path(r'(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/test2', TestView2.as_view()),
]2、views.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.renderers import JSONRenderer
from rest_framework import serializers
class Test2Serializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Role
fields = '__all__'
class TestView2(APIView):
renderer_classes = [JSONRenderer]
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
roles = models.Role.objects.all()
roles_ser = Test2Serializers(instance=roles, many=True)
return Response(roles_ser.data)3、访问 URL：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/?format=json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/.json
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2
二、表格
1、views.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.renderers import AdminRenderer
from rest_framework import serializers
class Test2Serializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Role
fields = '__all__'
class TestView2(APIView):
renderer_classes = [AdminRenderer]
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
roles = models.Role.objects.all()
roles_ser = Test2Serializers(instance=roles, many=True)
return Response(roles_ser.data)2、访问 URL：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/?format=admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/.admin
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2
三、Form 表单
1、views.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.renderers import HTMLFormRenderer
from rest_framework import serializers
class Test2Serializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Role
fields = '__all__'
class TestView2(APIView):
renderer_classes = [HTMLFormRenderer]
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
roles = models.Role.objects.all().first() # 一个，不是全部
roles_ser = Test2Serializers(instance=roles, many=False)
return Response(roles_ser.data)2、访问 URL：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/?format=html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/.html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2
四、自定义显示模板
1、views.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.renderers import TemplateHTMLRenderer
from rest_framework import serializers
class Test2Serializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Role
fields = '__all__'
class TestView2(APIView):
renderer_classes = [TemplateHTMLRenderer]
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
roles = models.Role.objects.all().first() # 一个，不是全部
roles_ser = Test2Serializers(instance=roles, many=False)
return Response(roles_ser.data, template_name='roles_detail.html')2、访问 URL：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/?format=html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/.html
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test23、templates/roles_detail.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
123
</body>
</html>
五、浏览器格式 API+JSON
1、views.py
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.renderers import BrowsableAPIRenderer, JSONRenderer
from rest_framework import serializers
class Test2Serializers(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Role
fields = '__all__'
class CustomBrowsableAPIRenderer(BrowsableAPIRenderer):
def get_default_renderer(self, view):
return JSONRenderer()
class TestView2(APIView):
renderer_classes = [CustomBrowsableAPIRenderer]
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
roles = models.Role.objects.all()
roles_ser = Test2Serializers(instance=roles, many=True)
return Response(roles_ser.data)2、访问 URL：
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/?format=api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2/.api
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/test2Tips：如果同时多个存在时，自动根据URL后缀来选择渲染器。
六、全局配置
REST_FRAMEWORK =
"DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSER": [
'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
]
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