Openwrt开发之wifi sta设置
Posted weishengzhong
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场景：
openwrtWIFI当做sta，连接上级AP，其他外设比如手机、pc设备连接到openwrt的局域网，通过openwrt访问外网。
dhcp配置：
config dnsmasq option domainneeded 1 option boguspriv 1 option filterwin2k 0 # enable for dial on demand option localise_queries 1 option rebind_protection 1 # disable if upstream must serve RFC1918 addresses option rebind_localhost 1 # enable for RBL checking and similar services #list rebind_domain example.lan # whitelist RFC1918 responses for domains option local ‘/lan/‘ option domain ‘lan‘ option expandhosts 1 option nonegcache 0 option authoritative 1 option readethers 1 option leasefile ‘/tmp/dhcp.leases‘ option resolvfile ‘/tmp/resolv.conf.auto‘ #list server ‘/mycompany.local/1.2.3.4‘ option nonwildcard 1 # bind to & keep track of interfaces #list interface br-lan #list notinterface lo #list bogusnxdomain ‘64.94.110.11‘ option localservice 1 # disable to allow DNS requests from non-local subnets config dhcp lan option interface lan option start 100 option limit 150 option leasetime 12h config dhcp wan option interface wan option ignore 1
network配置：
config interface ‘loopback‘ option ifname ‘lo‘ option proto ‘static‘ option ipaddr ‘127.0.0.1‘ option netmask ‘255.0.0.0‘ config globals ‘globals‘ option ula_prefix ‘fd41:6975:8c8b::/48‘ config interface ‘wan‘ option ifname ‘eth0.1‘ option proto ‘dhcp‘ config interface ‘Wwan‘ option proto ‘dhcp‘ config device ‘wan_dev‘ option name ‘eth0.1‘ option macaddr ‘00:0c:24:09:76:28‘ config interface ‘wan6‘ option ifname ‘eth0.1‘ option proto ‘dhcpv6‘ config interface ‘lan‘ option type ‘bridge‘ option ifname ‘eth0.2‘ option proto ‘static‘ option ipaddr ‘10.10.10.254‘ option netmask ‘255.255.255.0‘ option ip6assign ‘60‘ config device ‘lan_dev‘ option name ‘eth0.2‘ option macaddr ‘00:0c:24:09:76:27‘ config switch option name ‘switch0‘ option reset ‘1‘ option enable_vlan ‘1‘ config switch_vlan option device ‘switch0‘ option vlan ‘1‘ option ports ‘0 6t‘ config switch_vlan option device ‘switch0‘ option vlan ‘2‘ option ports ‘1 2 3 4 6t‘
wireless配置
config wifi-device ‘radio0‘ option type ‘mac80211‘ option channel ‘11‘ option hwmode ‘11g‘ option path ‘platform/10300000.wmac‘ option htmode ‘HT20‘ option disabled ‘0‘ config wifi-iface ‘default_radio0‘ option device ‘radio0‘ option network ‘Wwan‘ option mode ‘sta‘ option encryption ‘psk2‘ option ssid ‘ssid—name‘ option key ‘password‘
firewall配置
config defaults option syn_flood 1 option input ACCEPT option output ACCEPT option forward REJECT # Uncomment this line to disable ipv6 rules # option disable_ipv6 1 config zone option name lan list network ‘lan‘ option input ACCEPT option output ACCEPT option forward ACCEPT config zone option name wan list network ‘wan‘ list network ‘wan6‘ list network ‘Wwan‘ option input REJECT option output ACCEPT option forward REJECT option masq 1 option mtu_fix 1 config forwarding option src lan option dest wan # We need to accept udp packets on port 68, # see https://dev.openwrt.org/ticket/4108 config rule option name Allow-DHCP-Renew option src wan option proto udp option dest_port 68 option target ACCEPT option family ipv4 # Allow IPv4 ping config rule option name Allow-Ping option src wan option proto icmp option icmp_type echo-request option family ipv4 option target ACCEPT config rule option name Allow-IGMP option src wan option proto igmp option family ipv4 option target ACCEPT # Allow DHCPv6 replies # see https://dev.openwrt.org/ticket/10381 config rule option name Allow-DHCPv6 option src wan option proto udp option src_ip fc00::/6 option dest_ip fc00::/6 option dest_port 546 option family ipv6 option target ACCEPT config rule option name Allow-MLD option src wan option proto icmp option src_ip fe80::/10 list icmp_type ‘130/0‘ list icmp_type ‘131/0‘ list icmp_type ‘132/0‘ list icmp_type ‘143/0‘ option family ipv6 option target ACCEPT # Allow essential incoming IPv6 ICMP traffic config rule option name Allow-ICMPv6-Input option src wan option proto icmp list icmp_type echo-request list icmp_type echo-reply list icmp_type destination-unreachable list icmp_type packet-too-big list icmp_type time-exceeded list icmp_type bad-header list icmp_type unknown-header-type list icmp_type router-solicitation list icmp_type neighbour-solicitation list icmp_type router-advertisement list icmp_type neighbour-advertisement option limit 1000/sec option family ipv6 option target ACCEPT # Allow essential forwarded IPv6 ICMP traffic config rule option name Allow-ICMPv6-Forward option src wan option dest * option proto icmp list icmp_type echo-request list icmp_type echo-reply list icmp_type destination-unreachable list icmp_type packet-too-big list icmp_type time-exceeded list icmp_type bad-header list icmp_type unknown-header-type option limit 1000/sec option family ipv6 option target ACCEPT config rule option name Allow-IPSec-ESP option src wan option dest lan option proto esp option target ACCEPT config rule option name Allow-ISAKMP option src wan option dest lan option dest_port 500 option proto udp option target ACCEPT # include a file with users custom iptables rules config include option path /etc/firewall.user ### EXAMPLE CONFIG SECTIONS # do not allow a specific ip to access wan #config rule # option src lan # option src_ip 192.168.45.2 # option dest wan # option proto tcp # option target REJECT # block a specific mac on wan #config rule # option dest wan # option src_mac 00:11:22:33:44:66 # option target REJECT # block incoming ICMP traffic on a zone #config rule # option src lan # option proto ICMP # option target DROP # port redirect port coming in on wan to lan #config redirect # option src wan # option src_dport 80 # option dest lan # option dest_ip 192.168.16.235 # option dest_port 80 # option proto tcp # port redirect of remapped ssh port (22001) on wan #config redirect # option src wan # option src_dport 22001 # option dest lan # option dest_port 22 # option proto tcp ### FULL CONFIG SECTIONS #config rule # option src lan # option src_ip 192.168.45.2 # option src_mac 00:11:22:33:44:55 # option src_port 80 # option dest wan # option dest_ip 194.25.2.129 # option dest_port 120 # option proto tcp # option target REJECT #config redirect # option src lan # option src_ip 192.168.45.2 # option src_mac 00:11:22:33:44:55 # option src_port 1024 # option src_dport 80 # option dest_ip 194.25.2.129 # option dest_port 120 # option proto tcp config rule option name ‘Allow-SSH‘ option target ACCEPT option src ‘wan‘ option dest_port ‘22‘ option proto ‘tcp‘ option family ‘ipv4‘ config rule option name ‘Allow-http‘ option src wan option dest_port 80 option target ACCEPT option proto tcp
配置基本完成，作为sta连接到ap，需要不同的加密方式，比如none、wep、wpa、wpa2等，如果仅仅是none、wep格式直接用iw connect即可完成连接，其他的加密方式，则需要用到 wpa_supplicant，使用方法如下：
wpa_supplicant -Dnl80211 -iwlan0 -c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -B
-B是后台进行wifi的连接，
-c/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf 是要连接的ap的配置信息，比如ssid名，key等，因此再运行这条命令之前需要在/etc目录下建立wpa_supplicant.conf 文件输入以下内容：
network ssid=“ssid—name” psk=“password”
或者用以下命令自动生成这个配置文件
wpa_passphrase "<wifi_ssid>" "<password>" >> /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
最后可以使用如下命令来查看wifi连接状态
iw dev wlan0 link
注：wlan0是本人开发板上的wifi设备。
至此，所有连接到openwrt局域网内的设备，均可以通过openwrt访问上级ap，若是上级ap可以访问外网，则openwrt局域网内的所有设备均可以访问外网，相当于openwrt是个无线网卡；
该配置有个缺点是：当wifi连接后，再断开wifi，通过有线连接openwrt开发板的wan口，另一端连接上级ap的lan口，此时openwrt不能访问外网，但是可以访问上级ap的局域网；也就是不能完成有线wan口和sta模式共存……
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