spring-boot-starter-quartz集群实践

Posted 2022-06-30

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前情提要

】由于项目需要，需要一个定时任务集群，故此有了这个spring-boot-starter-quartz集群的实践。springboot的版本为：2.1.6.RELEASE；quartz的版本为：2.3.1.假如这里一共有两个定时任务的节点，它们的代码完全一样。

---

壹.jar包依赖

<properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-quartz</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

这里选择将定时任务的数据入库，避免数据直接存在内存中，因应用重启造成的数据丢失和做集群控制。

贰、项目配置

spring:
  server:
    port: 8080
    servlet:
      context-path: /lovin
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/training?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=true
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  quartz:
    job-store-type: jdbc #数据库方式
    jdbc:
      initialize-schema: never #不初始化表结构
    properties:
      org:
        quartz:
          scheduler:
            instanceId: AUTO #默认主机名和时间戳生成实例ID,可以是任何字符串，但对于所有调度程序来说，必须是唯一的 对应qrtz_scheduler_state INSTANCE_NAME字段
            #instanceName: clusteredScheduler #quartzScheduler
          jobStore:
            class: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX #持久化配置
            driverDelegateClass: org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate #我们仅为数据库制作了特定于数据库的代理
            useProperties: false #以指示JDBCJobStore将JobDataMaps中的所有值都作为字符串，因此可以作为名称 - 值对存储而不是在BLOB列中以其序列化形式存储更多复杂的对象。从长远来看，这是更安全的，因为您避免了将非String类序列化为BLOB的类版本问题。
            tablePrefix: qrtz_  #数据库表前缀
            misfireThreshold: 60000 #在被认为“失火”之前，调度程序将“容忍”一个Triggers将其下一个启动时间通过的毫秒数。默认值（如果您在配置中未输入此属性）为60000（60秒）。
            clusterCheckinInterval: 5000 #设置此实例“检入”*与群集的其他实例的频率（以毫秒为单位）。影响检测失败实例的速度。
            isClustered: true #打开群集功能
          threadPool: #连接池
            class: org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
            threadCount: 10
            threadPriority: 5
            threadsInheritContextClassLoaderOfInitializingThread: true

这里需要注意的是两个节点的端口号应该不一致，避免冲突

叁、实现一个Job

@Slf4j
public class Job extends QuartzJobBean 
    @Override
    protected void executeInternal(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException 
        // 获取参数
        JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
        // 业务逻辑 ...
        log.info("------springbootquartzonejob执行"+jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+"###############"+jobExecutionContext.getTrigger());

    

其中的日志输出是为了便于观察任务执行情况

肆、封装定时任务操作

@Service
public class QuartzService 
    @Autowired
    private Scheduler scheduler;

    @PostConstruct
    public void startScheduler() 
        try 
            scheduler.start();
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 增加一个job
     *
     * @param jobClass
     *            任务实现类
     * @param jobName
     *            任务名称
     * @param jobGroupName
     *            任务组名
     * @param jobTime
     *            时间表达式 (这是每隔多少秒为一次任务)
     * @param jobTimes
     *            运行的次数 （<0:表示不限次数）
     * @param jobData
     *            参数
     */
    public void addJob(Class<? extends QuartzJobBean> jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, int jobTime,
                       int jobTimes, Map jobData) 
        try 
            // 任务名称和组构成任务key
            JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
                    .build();
            // 设置job参数
            if(jobData!= null && jobData.size()>0)
                jobDetail.getJobDataMap().putAll(jobData);
            
            // 使用simpleTrigger规则
            Trigger trigger = null;
            if (jobTimes < 0) 
                trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
                        .withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime))
                        .startNow().build();
             else 
                trigger = TriggerBuilder
                        .newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName).withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder
                                .repeatSecondlyForever(1).withIntervalInSeconds(jobTime).withRepeatCount(jobTimes))
                        .startNow().build();
            
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 增加一个job
     *
     * @param jobClass
     *            任务实现类
     * @param jobName
     *            任务名称(建议唯一)
     * @param jobGroupName
     *            任务组名
     * @param jobTime
     *            时间表达式 （如：0/5 * * * * ? ）
     * @param jobData
     *            参数
     */
    public void addJob(Class<? extends QuartzJobBean> jobClass, String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime, Map jobData) 
        try 
            // 创建jobDetail实例，绑定Job实现类
            // 指明job的名称，所在组的名称，以及绑定job类
            // 任务名称和组构成任务key
            JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(jobClass).withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
                    .build();
            // 设置job参数
            if(jobData!= null && jobData.size()>0)
                jobDetail.getJobDataMap().putAll(jobData);
            
            // 定义调度触发规则
            // 使用cornTrigger规则
            // 触发器key
            Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(jobName, jobGroupName)
                    .startAt(DateBuilder.futureDate(1, IntervalUnit.SECOND))
                    .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).startNow().build();
            // 把作业和触发器注册到任务调度中
            scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
         catch (Exception e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 修改 一个job的 时间表达式
     *
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroupName
     * @param jobTime
     */
    public void updateJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName, String jobTime) 
        try 
            TriggerKey triggerKey = TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
            CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
            trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey)
                    .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(jobTime)).build();
            // 重启触发器
            scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 删除任务一个job
     *
     * @param jobName
     *            任务名称
     * @param jobGroupName
     *            任务组名
     */
    public void deleteJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) 
        try 
            scheduler.deleteJob(new JobKey(jobName, jobGroupName));
         catch (Exception e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 暂停一个job
     *
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroupName
     */
    public void pauseJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) 
        try 
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
            scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 恢复一个job
     *
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroupName
     */
    public void resumeJob(String jobName, String jobGroupName) 
        try 
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
            scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 立即执行一个job
     *
     * @param jobName
     * @param jobGroupName
     */
    public void runAJobNow(String jobName, String jobGroupName) 
        try 
            JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(jobName, jobGroupName);
            scheduler.triggerJob(jobKey);
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
    

    /**
     * 获取所有计划中的任务列表
     *
     * @return
     */
    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryAllJob() 
        List<Map<String, Object>> jobList = null;
        try 
            GroupMatcher<JobKey> matcher = GroupMatcher.anyJobGroup();
            Set<JobKey> jobKeys = scheduler.getJobKeys(matcher);
            jobList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
            for (JobKey jobKey : jobKeys) 
                List<? extends Trigger> triggers = scheduler.getTriggersOfJob(jobKey);
                for (Trigger trigger : triggers) 
                    Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
                    map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());
                    map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());
                    map.put("description", "触发器:" + trigger.getKey());
                    Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());
                    map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());
                    if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) 
                        CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;
                        String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
                        map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);
                    
                    jobList.add(map);
                
            
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
        return jobList;
    

    /**
     * 获取所有正在运行的job
     *
     * @return
     */
    public List<Map<String, Object>> queryRunJob() 
        List<Map<String, Object>> jobList = null;
        try 
            List<JobExecutionContext> executingJobs = scheduler.getCurrentlyExecutingJobs();
            jobList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(executingJobs.size());
            for (JobExecutionContext executingJob : executingJobs) 
                Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
                JobDetail jobDetail = executingJob.getJobDetail();
                JobKey jobKey = jobDetail.getKey();
                Trigger trigger = executingJob.getTrigger();
                map.put("jobName", jobKey.getName());
                map.put("jobGroupName", jobKey.getGroup());
                map.put("description", "触发器:" + trigger.getKey());
                Trigger.TriggerState triggerState = scheduler.getTriggerState(trigger.getKey());
                map.put("jobStatus", triggerState.name());
                if (trigger instanceof CronTrigger) 
                    CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) trigger;
                    String cronExpression = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
                    map.put("jobTime", cronExpression);
                
                jobList.add(map);
            
         catch (SchedulerException e) 
            e.printStackTrace();
        
        return jobList;
    

陆、初始化任务

这里不准备给用户用web界面来配置定时任务，故此采用CommandLineRunner来子啊应用初始化的时候来初始化任务。只需要实现CommandLineRunner的run()方法即可。

@Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception 
        HashMap<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name",1);
        quartzService.deleteJob("job", "test");
        quartzService.addJob(Job.class, "job", "test", "0 * * * * ?", map);

        map.put("name",2);
        quartzService.deleteJob("job2", "test");
        quartzService.addJob(Job.class, "job2", "test", "10 * * * * ?", map);

        map.put("name",3);
        quartzService.deleteJob("job3", "test2");
        quartzService.addJob(Job.class, "job3", "test2", "15 * * * * ?", map);

    

柒、测试验证

分别夏侯启动两个应用，然后观察任务执行，以及在运行过程中杀死某个服务，来观察定时任务的执行。

【写在后面的话】下面给出的是所需要脚本的连接地址：脚本下载地址，另外这边又一个自己实现的demo