12Feign整合断路器Hystrix

Posted 2022-06-09

公众号： java乐园

上编说了《RestTemplate+Ribbon整合断路器Hystrix》，这篇来看看如何Feign整合断路器Hystrix，Feign整合断路器Hystrix也是相对比较简单的。Feign默认已经自带断路器Hystrix，所以不需要像RestTemplate+Ribbon整合断路器Hystrix那样需要在SpringBoot的启动类添加注解。但是Feign自带断路器并没有打开，需要做些额外的配置。

feign:
     hystrix:
         enabled: true

1、 新建项目sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign-hystrix，对应的pom.xml文件如下

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>spring-cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- 说明是一个 eureka client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- <dependency> 
                        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> 
                        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId> 
                    <version>1.4.5.RELEASE</version> 
             </dependency> -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>

备注：从继续关系可以看出spring-cloud-starter-openfeign已经集成断路器Hystrix

2、 新建springboot启动类

package sc.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerFeignApplication 

    public static void main(String[] args) 
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);
    

3、 新建配置文件bootstrap.yml和application.yml
bootstrap.yml

server:
    port: 5800

application.yml

spring:
    application:
        name: sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign-hystrix

eureka:
    client:
        registerWithEureka: true #是否将自己注册到Eureka服务中，默认为true
        fetchRegistry: true #是否从Eureka中获取注册信息，默认为true
        serviceUrl:
            defaultZone: http://localhost:5001/eureka/

feign:
    hystrix:
enabled: true

说明：在application.yml配置文件添加了开启断路器Hystrix的配置项

4、 新建服务消费者类UserService.java

package sc.consumer.service;

import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.DeleteMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import sc.consumer.model.User;
import sc.consumer.service.hystrix.UserServiceHystrix;

@FeignClient(value="sc-eureka-client-provider", fallback=UserServiceHystrix.class)
public interface UserService 

    @GetMapping("/user/getUser/id")
    Map<String, Object> getUser(@PathVariable(value ="id") Long id);

    @RequestMapping("/user/listUser")
    Map<String, Object> listUser();

    @PostMapping("/user/addUser")
    Map<String, Object> addUser(@RequestBody User user);

    @PutMapping("/user/updateUser")
    Map<String, Object> updateUser(@RequestBody User user);

    @DeleteMapping("/user/deleteUser/id")
    Map<String, Object> deleteUser(@PathVariable(value ="id") Long id);

可以看到在该类的FeignClient注解上添加了一个属性fallback

5、 新建断路器处理类UserServiceHystrix.java

package sc.consumer.service.hystrix;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import sc.consumer.model.User;
import sc.consumer.service.UserService;

@Component
public class UserServiceHystrix  implements UserService

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> getUser(Long id) 
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        result.put("code", "000000");
        result.put("msg", "success");
        User u = new User();
        u.setId(-1L);
        u.setUserName("failBackName");
        result.put("body", u);
        return result;
    

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> listUser() 
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        result.put("code", "000000");
        result.put("msg", "success");
        List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
        User u = new User();
        u.setId(-1L);
        u.setUserName("failBackName");
        list.add(u);
        result.put("body", list);
        return result;
    

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> addUser(User user) 
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        result.put("code", "000000");
        result.put("msg", "success");
        result.put("body", 0);
        return result;
    

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> updateUser(User user) 
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        result.put("code", "000000");
        result.put("msg", "success");
        result.put("body", 0);
        return result;
    

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> deleteUser(Long id) 
        Map<String, Object> result = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        result.put("code", "000000");
        result.put("msg", "success");
        result.put("body", 0);
        return result;
    

该类实现了UserService接口，并实现了该接口的所有方法。

6、 分别启动注册中心sc-eureka-server和服务提供者sc-eureka-client-provider

7、 启动sc-eureka-client-consumer-feign-hystrix，并验证是否启动成功
方式一：查看日志看看对应的端口是启动

方式二：查看注册中心是否注册成功

8、 使用postman验证断路器是否启用
上篇从服务提供者是否正常启动验证断路器是否启动，今天看看从数据库是否启动来验证断路器是否启动
（1）mysql服务正常启动时访问：
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/listUser

（2）MySQL服务关闭时访问
http://127.0.0.1:5800/feign/user/listUser

再看下后台日志：

其他接口可以自行按照以上方式进行验证，看看断路器是否启动

源码 https://gitee.com/hjj520/spring-cloud-2.x