十一:时态
Posted ylp657
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了十一:时态相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
1. 一般现在时:表示通常性,规律性,习惯性 的状态或动作。主语是单数第三人称,动词有单三变化。主语是非第三人称单数时,动词为原型。
[单数第三人称 + s]
1. They often get up at 7:00.
2. He often gets up at 7:00.
一般现在时,动词的单三变化:
1). 在动词结尾直接加+s。 play--plays.
2). 以字母s, x, ch 或 o 结尾动词 +es。 guess--guesses
3). 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,先将y变i, 再加-es。 study--studies.
一般现在时,否定和疑问句用do, does 帮助构成。[后面的动词用原型]
1. He doesn`t like the car.
2. -- Does he like the car? -- Yes, he does./ No, he doesn`t.
2. 现在进行时:表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。句中通常有now, 等时间副词呼应,基本构成为 be + doing [动词的现在分词]
1. They are watching TV.
2. He is watching TV.
3. I am watching TV.
动词现在分词的变化规则:
1). 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing. 如: work -- working.
2). 动词以不发音的 -e结尾,要去掉e 加ing. 如:take-- taking.
3). 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing. 如:cur--cutting.
4). 以-ie 结尾的动词,变y 再加-ing. 如:lie--lying.
现在进行时,变否定和疑问句时,将be动词否定或提前。
1. They aren`t watching TV. -- Are they watching TV?
2. He isn`t watching TV. -- Is he watching TV?
3. -- Am I watching TV? -- Yes, you are./ No, you aren`t.
3. 一般过去时:表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态,过去习惯性,经常性的行为。
基本结构:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其它。一般动词后加+ed, 还有些不规则动词变化。play--played. come--came.
1. He worked very hard last night.
2. They came here by car.
动词一般过去时变化规则:
1). 一般在动词后加-ed. 如:play--played.
2). 在以字母e 结尾的动词后,只加-d. 如:like--liked.
3). 在以”辅音字母 +y“结尾后,改y为i, 再加-ed. 如:supply--supplied.
4). 在以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后,双写最后一个辅音字母,再加-ed. 如:plan--planned.
4. 过去进行时:表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作,其形式为was/were + doing.
1. They were waiting for you.
2. He was talking with his friends just now.
5. 一般将来时:表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经常发生的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。
如:tomorrow, next week. in the future.
"助动词will /shall + 动词原形 "表示将来发生的事。
1. They will go to Shanghai by ship tomorrow.
2. We shall leave for Shanghai next month.
"be going to + 动词原形" 用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事,意为”打算,就要“。
1. They are going to play football the afternoon.
2. She is going to learn French next year.
"be doing" 表示位置转移的动词。
如:go, come, leave, start, arrive, 可用现在进行时表示将来时。
1. They are leaving for Japan.
2. She is arriving tomorrow.
6. 现在完成时(have/ has + p.p过去分词),动作过去发生已经完成 对现在造成影响的后果,动作可能还会持续,可使用的时间状语为:
already(已经), yet(还)
1. They have already arrived in Shanghai.
2. She has played soccer for 3 hours.
3. She hasn`t finished the homework yet.
7. 过去完成时(had + p.p过去分词):表示句中的动作发生在过去之前,即过去的过去,已经完成,对过去造成一定的影响或后果。
1. They had arrived in Shanghai.
2. She had played soccer for 3 hours.
3. They hadn`t finished the work yet.
4. Had they planed to stay here? (疑问,助动词提前)
该笔记整理于崔荣容老师的视频讲解:https://www.bilibili.com/video/av2639206
以上是关于十一:时态的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章