ElasticSearch partial update+mget+bulk

Posted transkai

tags:

篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了ElasticSearch partial update+mget+bulk相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。

一.partial update

1、什么是partial update?

PUT /index/type/id,创建文档&替换文档,就是一样的语法

一般对应到应用程序中,每次的执行流程基本是这样的:

(1)应用程序先发起一个get请求,获取到document,展示到前台界面,供用户查看和修改
(2)用户在前台界面修改数据,发送到后台
(3)后台代码,会将用户修改的数据在内存中进行执行,然后封装好修改后的全量数据
(4)然后发送PUT请求,到es中,进行全量替换
(5)es将老的document标记为deleted,然后重新创建一个新的document

partial update


post /index/type/id/_update

"doc":
"要修改的少数几个field即可,不需要全量的数据"


 

看起来,好像就比较方便了,每次就传递少数几个发生修改的field即可,不需要将全量的document数据发送过去

2、图解partial update实现原理以及其优点

partial update,看起来很方便的操作,实际内部的原理是什么样子的,然后它的优点是什么

技术图片

 

3、上机动手实战演练partial update

 


 


PUT /test_index/test_type/10

"test_field1": "test1",
"test_field2": "test2"

POST /test_index/test_type/10/_update

"doc":
"test_field2": "updated test2"


 

 二.mget

1、批量查询的好处

 

就是一条一条的查询,比如说要查询100条数据,那么就要发送100次网络请求,这个开销还是很大的
如果进行批量查询的话,查询100条数据,就只要发送1次网络请求,网络请求的性能开销缩减100倍

 

2、mget的语法

 

(1)一条一条的查询

 

GET /test_index/test_type/1
GET /test_index/test_type/2

 

(2)mget批量查询

 


GET /_mget

"docs" : [

"_index" : "test_index",
"_type" : "test_type",
"_id" : 1
,

"_index" : "test_index",
"_type" : "test_type",
"_id" : 2

]


 

 


"docs": [

"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 2,
"found": true,
"_source":
"test_field1": "test field1",
"test_field2": "test field2"

,

"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "2",
"_version": 1,
"found": true,
"_source":
"test_content": "my test"


]

 

(3)如果查询的document是一个index下的不同type种的话

 


GET /test_index/_mget

"docs" : [

"_type" : "test_type",
"_id" : 1
,

"_type" : "test_type",
"_id" : 2

]


 

 

(4)如果查询的数据都在同一个index下的同一个type下,最简单了

 

GET /test_index/test_type/_mget

"ids": [1, 2]

 

3、mget的重要性

 

可以说mget是很重要的,一般来说,在进行查询的时候,如果一次性要查询多条数据的话,那么一定要用batch批量操作的api
尽可能减少网络开销次数,可能可以将性能提升数倍,甚至数十倍,非常非常之重要

三.bulk

1、bulk语法


POST /_bulk
"delete": "_index": "test_index", "_type": "test_type", "_id": "3"
"create": "_index": "test_index", "_type": "test_type", "_id": "12"
"test_field": "test12"
"index": "_index": "test_index", "_type": "test_type", "_id": "2"
"test_field": "replaced test2"
"update": "_index": "test_index", "_type": "test_type", "_id": "1", "_retry_on_conflict" : 3
"doc" : "test_field2" : "bulk test1"


 

每一个操作要两个json串,语法如下:

"action": "metadata"
"data"

举例,比如你现在要创建一个文档,放bulk里面,看起来会是这样子的:

"index": "_index": "test_index", "_type", "test_type", "_id": "1"
"test_field1": "test1", "test_field2": "test2"

有哪些类型的操作可以执行呢?
(1)delete:删除一个文档,只要1个json串就可以了
(2)create:PUT /index/type/id/_create,强制创建
(3)index:普通的put操作,可以是创建文档,也可以是全量替换文档
(4)update:执行的partial update操作

bulk api对json的语法,有严格的要求,每个json串不能换行,只能放一行,同时一个json串和一个json串之间,必须有一个换行


"error":
"root_cause": [

"type": "json_e_o_f_exception",
"reason": "Unexpected end-of-input: expected close marker for Object (start marker at [Source: org.elasticsearch.transport.netty4.ByteBufStreamInput@5a5932cd; line: 1, column: 1])\\n at [Source: org.elasticsearch.transport.netty4.ByteBufStreamInput@5a5932cd; line: 1, column: 3]"

],
"type": "json_e_o_f_exception",
"reason": "Unexpected end-of-input: expected close marker for Object (start marker at [Source: org.elasticsearch.transport.netty4.ByteBufStreamInput@5a5932cd; line: 1, column: 1])\\n at [Source: org.elasticsearch.transport.netty4.ByteBufStreamInput@5a5932cd; line: 1, column: 3]"
,
"status": 500


"took": 41,
"errors": true,
"items": [

"delete":
"found": true,
"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "10",
"_version": 3,
"result": "deleted",
"_shards":
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
,
"status": 200

,

"create":
"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "3",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards":
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
,
"created": true,
"status": 201

,

"create":
"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "2",
"status": 409,
"error":
"type": "version_conflict_engine_exception",
"reason": "[test_type][2]: version conflict, document already exists (current version [1])",
"index_uuid": "6m0G7yx7R1KECWWGnfH1sw",
"shard": "2",
"index": "test_index"


,

"index":
"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "4",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards":
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
,
"created": true,
"status": 201

,

"index":
"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "2",
"_version": 2,
"result": "updated",
"_shards":
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
,
"created": false,
"status": 200

,

"update":
"_index": "test_index",
"_type": "test_type",
"_id": "1",
"_version": 3,
"result": "updated",
"_shards":
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
,
"status": 200


]

bulk操作中,任意一个操作失败,是不会影响其他的操作的,但是在返回结果里,会告诉你异常日志


POST /test_index/_bulk
"delete": "_type": "test_type", "_id": "3"
"create": "_type": "test_type", "_id": "12"
"test_field": "test12"
"index": "_type": "test_type"
"test_field": "auto-generate id test"
"index": "_type": "test_type", "_id": "2"
"test_field": "replaced test2"
"update": "_type": "test_type", "_id": "1", "_retry_on_conflict" : 3
"doc" : "test_field2" : "bulk test1"

POST /test_index/test_type/_bulk
"delete": "_id": "3"
"create": "_id": "12"
"test_field": "test12"
"index":
"test_field": "auto-generate id test"
"index": "_id": "2"
"test_field": "replaced test2"
"update": "_id": "1", "_retry_on_conflict" : 3
"doc" : "test_field2" : "bulk test1"


 

2、bulk size最佳大小

bulk request会加载到内存里,如果太大的话,性能反而会下降,因此需要反复尝试一个最佳的bulk size。一般从1000~5000条数据开始,尝试逐渐增加。另外,如果看大小的话,最好是在5~15MB之间。

 

 

 

 

以上是关于ElasticSearch partial update+mget+bulk的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

Elasticsearch学习笔记partial update

(37)ElasticSearch基于groovy脚本执行partial update

ElasticSearch partial update+mget+bulk

Elasticsearch 顶尖高手(19)—基于groovy脚本执行partial update

[ ElasticSearch ] 螺丝刀学习笔记之 —— ElasticSearch(7.0UP学习概览)

[ ElasticSearch ] 螺丝刀学习笔记之 —— ElasticSearch(7.0UP学习概览)