Struts2入门

Posted 2022-05-10 xcn123

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Struts2入门

一.Struts2环境搭建

1.1 创建一个Maven项目，可参考 https://www.cnblogs.com/xcn123/p/11234071.html

1.2 使用Struts2时必须得导入Struts2的jar

pom.xml添加struts2-core-2.5.13.jar

 <dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

1.3在src/main/resources中添加Struts2支持的xml文件以及web.xml

struts.xml(核心配置文件)

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
3     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
4     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
5 <struts>
6     <include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
7     <include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
8     <include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
9 </struts>

struts-sy.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 3     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
 4     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
 5 <struts>
 6     <package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
 7     <action name="/hello_*_*" class="com.Maven_Struts.web.StrutsAction" method="1">
 8     <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
 9     </action> 
10     </package>
11 </struts>

struts-base.xml

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 3     "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
 4     "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
 5 <struts>
 6     <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
 7     <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
 8     <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
 9     <constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
10     <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
11 
12     <package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
13         <global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
14     </package>
15 </struts>

配置web.xml

 1 <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 2     xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
 3     version="3.1">
 4     <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
 5     <filter>
 6     <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
 7     <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
 8     </filter>
 9     <filter-mapping>
10     <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
11     <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
12     </filter-mapping>
13 </web-app>

二.动态方法调用(MVC不具备的优势)

strutsAction

struts-sy.xml

技术图片

创建一个success.jsp,在页面更换不同的方法名就或得不同的方法

技术图片

三.Struts传参的三种方式

strutsAction部分代码

 1 private User user1 = new User();
 2     private User user2;
 3     private String sex;
 4     private String uname;
 5     
 6     
 7     
 8     public String getUname() 
 9         return uname;
10     
11 
12     public void setUname(String uname) 
13         this.uname = uname;
14     
15 
16     public User getUser2() 
17         return user2;
18     
19 
20     public void setUser2(User user2) 
21         this.user2 = user2;
22     
23 
24     public String getSex() 
25         return sex;
26     
27 
28     public void setSex(String sex) 
29         this.sex = sex;
30     
31 
32     public String add() 
33         System.out.println("默认被调用方法");
34         return "success";
35     
36     
37     public String del() 
38         System.out.println("del方法");
39         return "success";
40     
41     
42     public String edit() 
43         System.out.println("edit方法");
44         return "success";
45     
46     
47     public String list() 
48         System.out.println("list方法");
49         System.out.println("user1:"+user1);
50         System.out.println("user2:"+user2);
51         System.out.println("sex:"+sex);
52         System.out.println("uname:"+uname);
53

jsp界面

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
 7 <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <h3>Struts传参的三种方式</h3>
11 <a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath /sy/hello_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">测试Modeldrive接口传参</a>
12 <a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath /sy/hello_list.action?sex=nan">测试Set接口传参</a>
13 <a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath /sy/hello_list.action?user2.uid=002&&user2.uname=ls">测试参数名.属性名接口传参</a>
14 <h2>steut与J2EE容器的交换</h2>
15 </body>
16 </html>

3.1 set传参

技术图片

3.2 参数名.属性名传参

技术图片
3.3 实现modeldrive接口传参

技术图片

四.Struts与J2EE容器交互

4.1 request 传值

4.1.1 非注入 HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();

4.1.2 耦合

实现模型驱动接口 调用 ServletActionContext.getRequest()方法

 1 public String list() 
 2         System.out.println("list方法");
 3         System.out.println("user1:"+user1);
 4         System.out.println("user2:"+user2);
 5         System.out.println("sex:"+sex);
 6         System.out.println("uname:"+uname);
 7         //非注入
 8         //耦合
 9         HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
10         request.setAttribute("rs", user1);
11         
12         return "success";
13

2、值栈传值（get方法传值）自动会将传过来的值赋值

1 public String list() 
2         System.out.println("list方法");
3         System.out.println("user1:"+user1);
4         System.out.println("user2:"+user2);
5         System.out.println("sex:"+sex);
6         return "success";
7

4.2 注入

4.2.1 耦合

实现ServletRequestAware与ServletResponseAware接口并重写setServletRequest与setServletResponse

1 public class StrutsAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware

定义HttpServletResponse Responses 与 HttpServletRequest request

1 private HttpServletResponse Responses; 2 private HttpServletRequest request;

重写setServletRequest与setServletResponse

1 @Override
2     public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse Responses) 
3         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
4         this.Responses = Responses;
5

1 @Override
2     public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) 
3         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
4         this.request = request;
5         
6

 1     public String list() 
 2         System.out.println("list方法");
 3         System.out.println("user1:"+user1);
 4         System.out.println("user2:"+user2);
 5         System.out.println("sex:"+sex);
 6         System.out.println("uname:"+uname);
 7         //非注入
 8         //耦合
 9 //        HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
10 //        request.setAttribute("rs", user1);
11         //解耦
12 //        ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
13 //        context.get("权限匿名");        
14         this.request.setAttribute("rs", user1);
15         return "success";
16

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