二进制安装Prometheus

Posted 2022-05-08

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二进制安装Prometheus

服务器列表：

服务器名称	操作系统	IP地址	服务
test03	Ubuntu 16.04.4	192.168.1.58	Prometheus, Alertmanager,grafana
test02	Ubuntu 16.04.4	192.168.1.57	Node_exporter

1、安装prometheus

Prometheus官网下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/

下载prometheus

root@test03:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.11.0/prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

解压prometheus
root@test03:~# tar xf prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
移动到/usr/local/prometheus目录
root@test03:~# mv prometheus-2.11.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus
设置prometheus后台服务启动

root@test03:~# cat  /lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service 
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file="/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml"

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

创建prometheus服务

root@test03:~# systemctl enable prometheus.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/prometheus.service to /lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service.

启动prometheus服务
root@test03:~# systemctl start prometheus.service

查看promethues服务状态

root@test03:~# systemctl status prometheus.service 
● prometheus.service - https://prometheus.io
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 11:10:45 CST; 4s ago
Main PID: 818 (prometheus)
......

访问：http://192.168.1.58:9090

2、安装Grafana

docker 安装

root@test03:~# docker run -d -p 3000:3000 grafana/grafana
root@test03:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
a6ff7bd88b42        grafana/grafana     "/run.sh"           43 seconds ago      Up 41 seconds       0.0.0.0:3000->3000/tcp   peaceful_brattain

访问：http://192.168.1.58:3000
登录gafana界面：
默认账号是：admin
默认密码是：admin
第一次登录后，提示重新设置密码
添加数据源
输入Prometheus地址

3、监控Linux服务器

安装node_exporter并启动

root@test02:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.1/node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
root@test02:~# tar xf node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
root@test02:~# mv node_exporter-0.18.1.linux-amd64 /usr/local/node_exporter
root@test02:~# cd /usr/local/node_exporter
root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# cat /lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io/docs/guides/node-exporter/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl enable node_exporter.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/node_exporter.service to /lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service.
root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl start node_exporter.service 
root@test02:/usr/local/node_exporter# systemctl status node_exporter.service 
● node_exporter.service - https://prometheus.io/docs/guides/node-exporter/
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 14:23:35 CST; 5s ago
 Main PID: 774 (node_exporter)
   CGroup: /system.slice/node_exporter.service
           └─774 /usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

访问：http://192.168.1.57:9100/metrics，可查看node_exporter收集的数据
配置服务发现

cat /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml
# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      # - alertmanager:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global ‘evaluation_interval‘.
rule_files:
  # - "first_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it‘s Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: ‘prometheus‘

    # metrics_path defaults to ‘/metrics‘
    # scheme defaults to ‘http‘.

    static_configs:
    - targets: [‘localhost:9090‘]
  - job_name: ‘host‘
    file_sd_configs:
      - files: [‘/usr/local/prometheus/sd_config/host.yml‘]
        refresh_interval: 5s

创建host.yaml文件

root@test03:/usr/local/prometheus/sd_config# cat /usr/local/prometheus/sd_config/host.yml 
- targets:
  - 192.168.1.57:9100

重载配置文件

prometheus_id=`ps -ef |grep prometheus.yml|grep -v grep|awk ‘print $2‘`
kill -hup $prometheus_id

查看Targets host，host组，已存在192.168.1.57被监控端
grafana导入linux基础监控模：9276

技术图片

输入9276后，等待几秒自动加载模板
查看主机资源展示

4、安装Alertmanager

下载Alertmanager

root@test03:~# wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.18.0/alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

解压alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 并移动到/usr/local/alertmanager

root@test03:~# tar xf alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 
root@test03:~# mv alertmanager-0.18.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/alertmanager

配置alertmanager后台启动

root@test03:~# cd /usr/local/alertmanager
root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# cat /lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service
[Unit]
Description=https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置邮件告警

root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# cat /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml 
global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
  smtp_smarthost: ‘smtp.163.com:25‘
  smtp_from: ‘xxx@163.com‘
  smtp_auth_username: ‘xxx@163.com‘
  smtp_auth_password: ‘xxxxxx‘
  smtp_require_tls: false
route:
  group_by: [‘alertname‘]
  group_wait: 10s
  group_interval: 10s
  repeat_interval: 1m
  receiver: ‘mail‘
receivers:
- name: ‘mail‘
  email_configs:
  - to: ‘xxx@qq.com‘

启动alertmanager


root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl enable alertmanager.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/alertmanager.service to /lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service.
root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl start alertmanager.service

root@test03:/usr/local/alertmanager# systemctl status alertmanager.service
● alertmanager.service - https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2019-07-10 16:28:20 CST; 2min 15s ago
 Main PID: 19847 (alertmanager)
    Tasks: 9
   Memory: 9.0M
      CPU: 290ms
   CGroup: /system.slice/alertmanager.service
           └─19847 /usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml

配置告警信息


# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
       - 127.0.0.1:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global ‘evaluation_interval‘.
rule_files:
   - "rules/*.yml"
root@test03:/usr/local/prometheus/rules# cat /usr/local/prometheus/rules/targets.yml 
groups:
- name: targets
  rules:

  # Alert for any instance that is unreachable for >5 minutes.
  - alert: InstanceDown
    expr: up == 0
    for: 1m  
    labels:
      severity: error 
    annotations:
      summary: "Instance  $labels.instance  down" 
      description: " $labels.instance  of job  $labels.job  has been down for more than 1 minutes."

重载Prometheus服务文件，根据Prometheus进程号818发送信号

prometheus_id=`ps -ef |grep prometheus.yml|grep -v grep|awk ‘print $2‘`
kill -hup $prometheus_id

查看告警规则
查看告警状态，（active）表示：活动
测试节点停止
root@test02:~# systemctl stop node_exporter.service
Pending：已触发阈值，但未满足告警持续时间
Firing：已触发阈值且满足告警持续时间。警报发送给接收者。
*
收到告警邮件

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