oracle数据库常见的报错

Posted 2022-05-03 pengfei666888

 (1)报错

>>> Ignoring required pre-requisite failures. Continuing...

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-01-21_06-07-35PM. Please wait ...[oracle@powerlong4 database]$ Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /tmp/OraInstall2015-01-21_06-07-35PM/jdk/jre/lib/i386/xawt/libmawt.so: libXext.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

  at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)

  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1751)

  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1647)

  at java.lang.Runtime.load0(Runtime.java:769)

  at java.lang.System.load(System.java:968)

  at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)

  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1751)

  at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1668)

  at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:822)

  at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:993)

  at sun.security.action.LoadLibraryAction.run(LoadLibraryAction.java:50)

  at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)

  at java.awt.Toolkit.loadLibraries(Toolkit.java:1509)

  at java.awt.Toolkit.<clinit>(Toolkit.java:1530)

  at com.jgoodies.looks.LookUtils.isLowResolution(Unknown Source)

  at com.jgoodies.looks.LookUtils.<clinit>(Unknown Source)

  at com.jgoodies.looks.plastic.PlasticLookAndFeel.<clinit>(PlasticLookAndFeel.java:122)

  at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)

  at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:242)

  at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.loadSystemClass(SwingUtilities.java:1783)

  at javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.java:480)

  at oracle.install.commons.util.Application.startup(Application.java:758)

  at oracle.install.commons.flow.FlowApplication.startup(FlowApplication.java:164)

  at oracle.install.commons.flow.FlowApplication.startup(FlowApplication.java:181)

  at oracle.install.commons.base.driver.common.Installer.startup(Installer.java:265)

  at oracle.install.ivw.db.driver.DBInstaller.startup(DBInstaller.java:114)

  at oracle.install.ivw.db.driver.DBInstaller.main(DBInstaller.java:132)

^C

 

(1)  需要安装 yum install libXext* -y 

(2)  chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/*

yum install libXext.i686 -y

 

在64位的CentOS安装64位的oracle的时候，有时候会出现“libXext.so.6: cannot open shared object file:”的错误。

这个原因主要是oracle在安装的时候需要安装一些32位的lib，也就是类似于windows下的dll

出现这个问题，可以采用如下的解决办法：

#yum install libXext.i686  即可。

 

(2)报错

[oracle@powerlong4 database]$ ./runInstaller 

Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

 

Checking Temp space: must be greater than 80 MB.  Actual 38250 MB    Passed

Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.  Actual 2047 MB    Passed

Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors

    >>> Could not execute auto check for display colors using command /usr/bin/xdpyinfo. Check if the DISPLAY variable is set.    Failed <<<<

 

Some requirement checks failed. You must fulfill these requirements before

 

continuing with the installation,

 

Continue? (y/n) [n] y

 

>>> Ignoring required pre-requisite failures. Continuing...

Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-01-21_07-15-20PM. Please wait ...[oracle@powerlong4 database]$ Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError

  at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)

  at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:164)

  at java.awt.Toolkit$2.run(Toolkit.java:821)

  at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)

  at java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit(Toolkit.java:804)

  at com.jgoodies.looks.LookUtils.isLowResolution(Unknown Source)

  at com.jgoodies.looks.LookUtils.<clinit>(Unknown Source)

  at com.jgoodies.looks.plastic.PlasticLookAndFeel.<clinit>(PlasticLookAndFeel.java:122)

  at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)

  at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:242)

  at javax.swing.SwingUtilities.loadSystemClass(SwingUtilities.java:1783)

  at javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.java:480)

  at oracle.install.commons.util.Application.startup(Application.java:758)

  at oracle.install.commons.flow.FlowApplication.startup(FlowApplication.java:164)

  at oracle.install.commons.flow.FlowApplication.startup(FlowApplication.java:181)

  at oracle.install.commons.base.driver.common.Installer.startup(Installer.java:265)

  at oracle.install.ivw.db.driver.DBInstaller.startup(DBInstaller.java:114)

  at oracle.install.ivw.db.driver.DBInstaller.main(DBInstaller.java:132)

^C

[oracle@powerlong4 database]$

  需要在Linux上安装图形界面服务端程序X Window

yum groupinstall "X Window System" #安装X Window

[root@powerlong4 database]# yum groupinstall "X Window System" "Desktop Platform" Desktop

yum install vnc

 [root@powerlong4 database]# export DISPLAY=192.168.121.217:0.0

[root@powerlong4 database]# xhost +

access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

[root@powerlong4 database]#

报错解决：

sql> startup 时报错：

 

ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system

 

查找资料后发现在oracle 11g中新增的内存自动管理的参数MEMORY_TARGET，它能自动调整SGA和PGA，

 

这个特性需要用到/dev/shm共享文件系统，而且要求/dev/shm必须大于MEMORY_TARGET，如果/dev/shm比MEMORY_TARGET小，就会报错。

 

 

解决方案：

 

1.初始化参数MEMORY_TARGET或MEMORY_MAX_TARGET不能大于共享内存(/dev/shm),为了解决这个问题，可以增大/dev/shm

 

# mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=12288M /dev/shm

 

但如果之前已经mount过了，则执行remount

 

# mount -o remount,size=12288M /dev/shm

 

 

2.为了确保操作系统重启之后能生效，需要修改/etc/fstab文件

 

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs  defaults,size=12288M      0 0

 

报错解决：

SQL> shutdown immediate;

ORA-01507: database not mounted

 

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount restiricted;

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes

Fixed Size                  2262048 bytes

Variable Size            2650803168 bytes

Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes

Redo Buffers               12103680 bytes

ORA-01504: database name ‘RESTIRICTED‘ does not match parameter db_name ‘ORCL‘

 

SQL> shutdown immediate;

ORA-01507: database not mounted

 

ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup nomount restrict;

ORACLE instance started.

 

Total System Global Area 4275781632 bytes

Fixed Size                  2262048 bytes

Variable Size            2650803168 bytes

Database Buffers         1610612736 bytes

Redo Buffers               12103680 bytes

SQL> alter database mount;

 

Database altered.

 

SQL> drop database;

 

Database dropped.

 

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64

bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> exit

 

 

ORA-01219:database not open:queries allowed on fixed tables/views only 

 

 

问题解决

“ORA-01219:数据库未打开：仅允许在固定表/视图中查询”的警告窗口！    

解决办法： 

登录Oracle SQL*Plus 

C:\\Users\\Administrator> 
C:\\Users\\Administrator>sqlplus /nolog 

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期二 1月 29 10:54:36 2013 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved. 

SQL> connect sys/sys as sysdba 


这一段是找出打开数据库的时候报错的地方 

SQL> select open_mode from v$database; 

OPEN_MODE 
---------- 
MOUNTED 

SQL> alter database open; 
alter database open 
* 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file 
ORA-01110: data file 4: ‘/data/app/oradata/ora237/users01.dbf‘ 



这里就是讲‘/data/app/oradata/ora237/users01.dbf‘这个文件出问题 

我们要做的就是删掉这个残留文件 

进行下一步： 

SQL> alter database datafile ‘/data/app/oradata/ora237/users01.dbf‘ offline drop; 

Database altered. 

SQL> alter database open; 

Database altered. 

SQL> 

注意，当你同时出现ora-01110这个错误，那么你要检查你数据文件存在不 

如果垂涎第三方软件连接不上报

 

 

 

error:ORA-12526: TNS:listener: all appropriate instances

 

解决方法ALTER SYSTEM DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

 

解决The listener supports no services

解决方法：alter system register;

 

 

 

报错：

SQL> alter database archivelog;---开归当日在时报错

 

alter database archivelog

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01126: database must be mounted in this instance and not open in any

instance

 

解决方法：

SQL> shutdown immediate 
数据库已经关闭。
已经卸载数据库
.ORACLE例程已经关闭
.SQL> startup mount 
ORACLE例程已经启动