如何安装MySQL8.0创建用户并授权的详细步骤

Posted 2022-04-25 phonecom

    # 安装相关软件
    yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel make cmake
    # 获取mysql源码，MySQL版本下载链接:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
    wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.13.tar.gz
    tar zxvf mysql-8.0.13.tar.gz
    cd mysql-8.0.13    
    # 添加操作系统的MySQL用户
    groupadd -r mysql
    mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
    chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/data/
    # 添加配置文件目录
    mkdir -p /etc/mysql
    chown -R mysql.mysql /etc/mysql
    # 编译MySQL
    mkdir -p /data/mysql
    chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql
    # -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX：指定安装目录
    # -DMYSQL_DATADIR：数据文件存放位置
    # -DSYSCONFDIR：配置文件目录
    # -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST：实时下载boost
    # -DWITH_BOOST:下载boost保存目录
    cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/data/mysql/boost
    make
    make install
    # 对安装录更改用户权限
    chown root.mysql -R /data/mysql/
    # 安装完成后，进入安装目录中，对mysql进行初始化操作
    cd /data/mysql
    bin/mysqld --initialize 
    # 拷贝服务脚本，赋权限并添加到启动列表中
    cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    chkconfig --add mysqld
    # 修改配置文件
    vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf
    输入:
        [mysqld]
        basedir = /data/mysql
        datadir = /data/mysql/data
        port = 3306
        server_id = 1
        socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
        user = mysql

        [client]
        port = 3306
        socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
    # 启动服务
    bin/mysqld &

    至此MySQL已经安装完成了，接下来是一些优化的操作

    # 配置环境变量
    echo "export PATH=/data/mysql/bin:$PATH" >/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
    source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

    # 删除系统安装完成后产生的匿名用户并给root设置密码
    # 若登录mysql时，忘记了用户密码可以在启动mysqld服务时加--skip-grant-tables即可直接登录： mysqld --skip-grant-tables &
    # 登录mysql
    mysql -uroot -hlocalhost -p
    # 删除所有匿名用户，以下是删除的命令
    drop user 'username'@'localhost';

    # 给用户设定密码的两种方式
    1.  UPDATE user SET password = PASSWORD('your_password') WHERE user = 'username';
        FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    2.  SET PASSWORD FOR [email protected] = PASSWORD('your_password');

    # 创建用户并授权用户
    create user 'username'@'localhost' identified by 'your_password';
    create database database_name default character set = 'utf8' default collate = 'utf8_general_ci';
    grant all privileges on database_name.* to 'username'@'localhost';
    flush privileges;