Using Oracle Data Guard with a Sharded Database
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本文介绍如何部署一个带有adg功能的sharded database。1、环境介绍
各个节点的角色以及数据库版本如下表所示：
其中实例名是系统自己命名的。
2、创建Shard Catalog Database
这里使用静默方式在odb01上创建目录数据库。
[[email protected] ~]$ vi /tmp/dbca.rsp
responseFileVersion=/oracle/assistants/rspfmt_dbca_response_schema_v12.2.0
gdbName=shcdb
sid=shcdb
databaseConfigType=SI
RACOneNodeServiceName=
policyManaged=false
createServerPool=false
force=false
createAsContainerDatabase=false
useLocalUndoForPDBs=true
templateName=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc
sysPassword=abcABC12
systemPassword=abcABC12
serviceUserPassword=abcABC12
emConfiguration=DBEXPRESS
emExpressPort=5500
runCVUChecks=FALSE
dbsnmpPassword=abcABC12
dvConfiguration=false
olsConfiguration=false
datafileJarLocation=ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/
datafileDestination=ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DB_UNIQUE_NAME/
recoveryAreaDestination=ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area/DB_UNIQUE_NAME
storageType=FS
characterSet=ZHS16GBK
nationalCharacterSet=AL16UTF16
registerWithDirService=false
variables=ORACLE_BASE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1,DB_UNIQUE_NAME=shcdb,ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle,PDB_NAME=,DB_NAME=shcdb,ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/db_1,SID=shcdb
initParams=sga_target=3GB,nls_language=AMERICAN,remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE,db_create_file_dest=ORACLE_BASE/oradata/DB_UNIQUE_NAME/,audit_file_dest=ORACLE_BASE/admin/DB_UNIQUE_NAME/adump,processes=1000,pga_aggregate_target=1GB,nls_territory=AMERICA,db_recovery_file_dest_size=30GB,open_cursors=300,db_name=shcdb,db_recovery_file_dest=ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area/DB_UNIQUE_NAME,audit_trail=NONE
sampleSchema=false
memoryPercentage=65
databaseType=MULTIPURPOSE
automaticMemoryManagement=false
totalMemory=0
[[email protected] ~]$ dbca -silent -ignorePreReqs -createDatabase -responseFile /tmp/dbca.rsp -enableArchive true -redoLogFileSize 1024 待数据库创建完成后，执行下面的SQL，完成后重启数据库实例。
alter system set open_links=16 scope=spfile;
alter system set open_links_per_instance=16 scope=spfile;
alter user gsmcatuser account unlock;
alter user gsmcatuser identified by oracle;
create user gdsadmin identified by oracle;
GRANT connect, create session, gsmadmin_role to gdsadmin;
grant inherit privileges on user SYS to GSMADMIN_INTERNAL;
execute dbms_xdb.sethttpport(8080);
commit;
@?/rdbms/admin/prvtrsch.plb
exec DBMS_SCHEDULER.SET_AGENT_REGISTRATION_PASS(‘oracle‘);
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup3、安装并配置GSM
GSM的安装很简单，这里使用静默方式安装，静默文件内容如下：
[[email protected] ~]$ vi /tmp/gsm.rsp
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_gsminstall_response_schema_v19.0.0
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/gsm
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
[[email protected] ~]$ /u02/tmp/gsm/runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /tmp/gsm.rsp- 创建shard catalog
[[email protected] ~]$ gdsctl
GDSCTL: Version 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Mon Jul 15 11:09:20 CST 2019
Copyright (c) 2011, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Welcome to GDSCTL, type "help" for information.
Warning: GSM is not set automatically because gsm.ora does not contain GSM entries. Use "set gsm" command to set GSM for the session.
Current GSM is set to GSMORA
GDSCTL> create shardcatalog -database odb01:1521:shcdb -chunks 12 -user gdsadmin/oracle -sdb shcdb -region region1,region2
GDSCTL> add gsm -gsm sharddirector1 -listener 1531 -pwd oracle -catalog odb01:1521:shcdb -region region1
GDSCTL> add gsm -gsm sharddirector2 -listener 1531 -pwd oracle -catalog odb01:1521:shcdb -region region2
GDSCTL> start gsm -gsm sharddirector1-
添加操作系统凭证
GDSCTL> add credential -credential cre_reg1 -osaccount oracle -ospassword oracle - shard node上启动代理并向shard catalog注册
[[email protected] ~]$ schagent -start;echo oracle|schagent -registerdatabase odb01 8080
[[email protected] ~]$ schagent -start;echo oracle|schagent -registerdatabase odb01 8080
[[email protected] ~]$ schagent -start;echo oracle|schagent -registerdatabase odb01 8080
[[email protected] ~]$ schagent -start;echo oracle|schagent -registerdatabase odb01 8080- shard node上创建数据库文件目录
此路径要和shard catalog database的路径保持一致。[[email protected] ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata,fast_recovery_area [[email protected] ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata,fast_recovery_area [[email protected] ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata,fast_recovery_area [[email protected] ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata,fast_recovery_area
4、部署System-Managed Sharded Database
这里分别创建primary group和standby group。
- 创建shardgroup
GDSCTL> add shardgroup -shardgroup primary_sgp -region region1 -deploy_as primary GDSCTL> add shardgroup -shardgroup standby_sgp -region region2 -deploy_as active_standby - 向组添加成员
这里将odb05和odb06添加至primary group；odb07和odb08添加至standby group。
GDSCTL> add invitednode odb05
GDSCTL> create shard -shardgroup primary_sgp -destination odb05 -credential cre_reg1
The operation completed successfully
DB Unique Name: sh1
GDSCTL> add invitednode odb06
GDSCTL> create shard -shardgroup primary_sgp -destination odb06 -credential cre_reg1
The operation completed successfully
DB Unique Name: sh3
GDSCTL> add invitednode odb07
GDSCTL> create shard -shardgroup standby_sgp -destination odb07 -credential cre_reg1
The operation completed successfully
DB Unique Name: sh4
GDSCTL> add invitednode odb08
GDSCTL> create shard -shardgroup standby_sgp -destination odb08 -credential cre_reg1
The operation completed successfully
DB Unique Name: sh5使用config命令读取配置信息进行验证，如下图：
- 部署shards
执行deploy命令在各个节点部署。GDSCTL> deploy deploy: examining configuration... deploy: deploying primary shard ‘sh1‘ ... deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination ‘odb05‘ deploy: starting DBCA at destination ‘odb05‘ to create primary shard ‘sh1‘ ... deploy: deploying primary shard ‘sh3‘ ... deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination ‘odb06‘ deploy: starting DBCA at destination ‘odb06‘ to create primary shard ‘sh3‘ ... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA primary creation job(s) to complete... deploy: DBCA primary creation job succeeded at destination ‘odb05‘ for shard ‘sh1‘ deploy: deploying standby shard ‘sh4‘ ... deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination ‘odb07‘ deploy: starting DBCA at destination ‘odb07‘ to create standby shard ‘sh4‘ ... deploy: DBCA primary creation job succeeded at destination ‘odb06‘ for shard ‘sh3‘ deploy: deploying standby shard ‘sh5‘ ... deploy: network listener configuration successful at destination ‘odb08‘ deploy: starting DBCA at destination ‘odb08‘ to create standby shard ‘sh5‘ ... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA standby creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA standby creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA standby creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA standby creation job(s) to complete... deploy: waiting for 2 DBCA standby creation job(s) to complete... deploy: DBCA standby creation job succeeded at destination ‘odb07‘ for shard ‘sh4‘ deploy: waiting for 1 DBCA standby creation job(s) to complete... deploy: DBCA standby creation job succeeded at destination ‘odb08‘ for shard ‘sh5‘ deploy: requesting Data Guard configuration on shards via GSM deploy: shards configured successfully The operation completed successfully部署完成后，进行验证，如下图所示：
- 添加global service
GDSCTL> add service -service oltp_rw_srvc -role primary
The operation completed successfully
GDSCTL> start service -service oltp_rw_srvc
The operation completed successfully
GDSCTL> add service -service oltp_ro_srvc -role physical_standby
The operation completed successfully
GDSCTL> start service -service oltp_ro_srvc
The operation completed successfully
GDSCTL> services
Service "oltp_ro_srvc.shcdb.oradbcloud" has 2 instance(s). Affinity: ANYWHERE
Instance "shcdb%21", name: "sh4", db: "sh4", region: "region2", status: ready.
Instance "shcdb%31", name: "sh5", db: "sh5", region: "region2", status: ready.
Service "oltp_rw_srvc.shcdb.oradbcloud" has 2 instance(s). Affinity: ANYWHERE
Instance "shcdb%1", name: "sh1", db: "sh1", region: "region1", status: ready.
Instance "shcdb%11", name: "sh3", db: "sh3", region: "region1", status: ready.- 验证DataGuard状态
参考文献：
1、Using Oracle Sharding
2、Oracle 12C Sharding分片数据库
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