超级读入挂
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namespace fastIO
#define BUF_SIZE 100000
//fread -> read
bool IOerror = 0;
inline char nc()
static char buf[BUF_SIZE], p1 = buf + BUF_SIZE, pend = buf + BUF_SIZE;
if(p1 == pend)
p1 = buf;
pend = buf + fread(buf, 1, BUF_SIZE, stdin);
if(pend == p1)
IOerror = 1;
return -1;
return p1++;
inline bool blank(char ch)
return ch == ‘ ‘ || ch == ‘\n‘ || ch == ‘\r‘ || ch == ‘\t‘;
inline void read(int &x)
char ch;
while(blank(ch = nc()));
if(IOerror)
return;
for(x = ch - ‘0‘; (ch = nc()) >= ‘0‘ && ch <= ‘9‘; x = x 10 + ch - ‘0‘);
#undef BUF_SIZE
;
using namespace fastIO;
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