7.15-ROS可视化工具-标记

Posted 2022-03-07 lizhensheng

ROS标记工具

ROS标记工具
参考
前言
visuallization_msgs/markers
Sending Basic Shapes to RViz
基本原理
关键代码
Sending Points and lines
Interactive Marker
基本原理
Simple Interactive Marker Server
Basic Control
按钮
Context Menu
多客户端单服务器交互
为RViz写插件
使用QT和librviz进行窗口程序设计

TOC

参考

visualization_msgs
Tutorials
RViz Turorials
RViz User Guid

前言

• 顾名思义，标记工具就是在数据可视化的基础上加上用户自定义标记，用来强调某种特征或者添加用户自己想加上的东西
• visualization stack 现在已经包含到RViz中，但是我们主要还是要学习这个包集中的东西

visuallization_msgs/markers

Sending Basic Shapes to RViz

基本原理

• 注册一个visualization::marker消息，定义好，然后发出去，RViz在收到后在指定位置显示特定形状

关键代码

• package.xml

catkin_create_pkg using_markers roscpp visualization_msgs

• CMakeList.txt

add_executable(basic_shapes src/basic_shapes.cpp)
target_link_libraries(basic_shapes $catkin_LIBRARIES)

• .cpp

#include <visualization_msgs/Marker.h>
ros::Publisher marker_pub = n.advertise<visualization_msgs::Marker>("visualization_marker", 1);
uint32_t shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE;
    visualization_msgs::Marker marker;
// Set the frame ID and timestamp.  See the TF tutorials for information on these.
marker.header.frame_id = "/my_frame";
marker.header.stamp = ros::Time::now();
// Set the namespace and id for this marker.  This serves to create a unique ID
// Any marker sent with the same namespace and id will overwrite the old one
marker.ns = "basic_shapes";
marker.id = 0;
// Set the marker type.  Initially this is CUBE, and cycles between that and SPHERE, ARROW, and CYLINDER
marker.type = shape;
// Set the marker action.  Options are ADD, DELETE, and new in ROS Indigo: 3 (DELETEALL)
marker.action = visualization_msgs::Marker::ADD;

// Set the pose of the marker.  This is a full 6DOF pose relative to the frame/time specified in the header
marker.pose.position.x = 0;
marker.pose.position.y = 0;
marker.pose.position.z = 0;
marker.pose.orientation.x = 0.0;
marker.pose.orientation.y = 0.0;
marker.pose.orientation.z = 0.0;
marker.pose.orientation.w = 1.0;
// Set the scale of the marker -- 1x1x1 here means 1m on a side
marker.scale.x = 1.0;
marker.scale.y = 1.0;
marker.scale.z = 1.0;
// Set the color -- be sure to set alpha to something non-zero!
marker.color.r = 0.0f;
marker.color.g = 1.0f;
marker.color.b = 0.0f;
marker.color.a = 1.0;
marker.lifetime = ros::Duration();
// Publish the marker
while (marker_pub.getNumSubscribers() < 1)

    if (!ros::ok())
    
        return 0;
    
    ROS_WARN_ONCE("Please create a subscriber to the marker");
    sleep(1);

marker_pub.publish(marker);

Sending Points and lines

• 本质同发送基本形状，都是定义一个消息，然后发送即可，只是点和线可能是数组数据结构，定义起来麻烦一点

Interactive Marker

基本原理

• 不仅是将特定形状显示在RViz中，而且用户可以使用鼠标和上下文菜单进行交互，从而实现更复杂的任务
• 依然是由消息类型来定义，visualization_msgs/InteractiveMarker，这个消息包含一个上下文菜单，多个控件（visualization_msgs/InteractiveMarkerControl消息类型表示）。这些控件用来定义交互式标记的各个部分，每一部分都有不同功能。
• 要使用交互式标记，需要在节点中实例化一个InteractiveMarkerServer对象，作为与RViz联系的代理服务器，RViz作为客户端向节点发送不同的消息通知，以此来产生交互。
• 相关的消息类型有
  • visualization_msgs/InteractiveMarker
  • visualization_msgs/InteractiveMarkerControl
  • visualization_msgs/InteractiveMarkerFeedback
    此外还有MenuHandler
• 帮助文档

Simple Interactive Marker Server

• 关键思想
  • InteractiveMarker-->control-->Marker，标记包含控件，类间是组合关系，均是一对多。
  • 咦？为什么同时有将control赋给marker的属性和将marker赋给control的属性？原来如此
  • Server给RViz发送Update消息，RViz给Server发送Feedback，Server处定义对Feedback的响应函数
• 关键代码

#include <ros/ros.h>

#include <interactive_markers/interactive_marker_server.h>

void processFeedback(
    const visualization_msgs::InteractiveMarkerFeedbackConstPtr &feedback )

  ROS_INFO_STREAM( feedback->marker_name << " is now at "
      << feedback->pose.position.x << ", " << feedback->pose.position.y
      << ", " << feedback->pose.position.z );


int main(int argc, char** argv)

  ros::init(argc, argv, "simple_marker");

  // create an interactive marker server on the topic namespace simple_marker
  interactive_markers::InteractiveMarkerServer server("simple_marker");

  // create an interactive marker for our server
  visualization_msgs::InteractiveMarker int_marker;
  int_marker.header.frame_id = "base_link";
  int_marker.header.stamp=ros::Time::now();
  int_marker.name = "my_marker";
  int_marker.description = "Simple 1-DOF Control";

  // create a grey box marker
  visualization_msgs::Marker box_marker;
  box_marker.type = visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE;
  box_marker.scale.x = 0.45;
  box_marker.scale.y = 0.45;
  box_marker.scale.z = 0.45;
  box_marker.color.r = 0.5;
  box_marker.color.g = 0.5;
  box_marker.color.b = 0.5;
  box_marker.color.a = 1.0;

  // create a non-interactive control which contains the box
  visualization_msgs::InteractiveMarkerControl box_control;
  box_control.always_visible = true;
  box_control.markers.push_back( box_marker );

  // add the control to the interactive marker
  int_marker.controls.push_back( box_control );

  // create a control which will move the box
  // this control does not contain any markers,
  // which will cause RViz to insert two arrows
  visualization_msgs::InteractiveMarkerControl rotate_control;
  rotate_control.name = "move_x";
  rotate_control.interaction_mode =
      visualization_msgs::InteractiveMarkerControl::MOVE_AXIS;

  // add the control to the interactive marker
  int_marker.controls.push_back(rotate_control);

  // add the interactive marker to our collection &
  // tell the server to call processFeedback() when feedback arrives for it
  server.insert(int_marker, &processFeedback);

  // ‘commit‘ changes and send to all clients
  server.applyChanges();

  // start the ROS main loop
  ros::spin();

Basic Control

• 告诉你怎样制作一个6-DOF的控件（包括在控制时控件和场景一起移动的，和控件固定的）
• 关键代码

按钮

• 基本思路
  • 就像菜单栏中的按钮一样
  • 默认是响应鼠标左键
• 关键代码

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros-visualization/visualization_tutorials/groovy-devel/interactive_marker_tutorials/src/basic_controls.cpp

Context Menu

• 基本思路
  • 将静态菜单附着到一个交互式标记（Interactive Marker）上

多客户端单服务器交互

• 意义
  • 可以同时有多个RViz客户端控制一个或多个交互式控件Marker
  • 这个例子实现了一个简易乒乓球游戏
  • 以后再学吧。

为RViz写插件

• 感觉没有学这个的需求啊。。。

使用QT和librviz进行窗口程序设计

• 这个相当于是使用QT对RViz进行简单的二次开发，感觉应该要学，既不需要深度了解QT，又可以编出像样的界面，哈哈！