SQLite语法

Posted 2022-02-23 icefree

SQLite 语法

大小写敏感性

SQLite 是不区分大小写的，但也有一些命令是大小写敏感的，比如 GLOB 和 glob 在 SQLite 的语句中有不同的含义。

SQL 注释以两个连续的 "-" 字符（ASCII 0x2d）开始，也可以使用 C 风格的注释，以 "/*" 开始，并扩展至下一个 "*/" 字符对或直到输入结束；

SQLite 语句

所有的 SQLite 语句可以以任何关键字开始，如 SELECT、INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE、ALTER、DROP 等，所有的语句以分号（;）结束。

SQLite ANALYZE 语句：

• ANALYZE;
  or
  ANALYZE database_name;
  or
  ANALYZE database_name.table_name;

SQLite AND/OR 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION-1 AND|OR CONDITION-2;

SQLite ALTER TABLE 语句：

• ALTER TABLE table_name ADD COLUMN column_def...;

SQLite ALTER TABLE 语句（Rename）：

• ALTER TABLE table_name RENAME TO new_table_name;

SQLite ATTACH DATABASE 语句：

• ATTACH DATABASE ‘DatabaseName‘ As ‘Alias-Name‘;

SQLite BEGIN TRANSACTION 语句：

• BEGIN;
  or
  BEGIN EXCLUSIVE TRANSACTION;

SQLite BETWEEN 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  column_name BETWEEN val-1 AND val-2;

SQLite COMMIT 语句：

• COMMIT;

SQLite CREATE INDEX 语句：

• CREATE INDEX index_name
  ON table_name ( column_name COLLATE NOCASE );

SQLite CREATE UNIQUE INDEX 语句：

• CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
  ON table_name ( column1, column2,...columnN);

SQLite CREATE TABLE 语句：

• CREATE TABLE table_name(
     column1 datatype,
     column2 datatype,
     column3 datatype,
     .....
     columnN datatype,
     PRIMARY KEY( one or more columns )
  );

SQLite CREATE TRIGGER 语句：

• CREATE TRIGGER database_name.trigger_name 
  BEFORE INSERT ON table_name FOR EACH ROW
  BEGIN 
     stmt1; 
     stmt2;
     ....
  END;

SQLite CREATE VIEW 语句：

• CREATE VIEW database_name.view_name  AS
  SELECT statement....;

SQLite CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE 语句：

• CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING weblog( access.log );
  or
  CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE database_name.table_name USING fts3( );

SQLite COMMIT TRANSACTION 语句：

• COMMIT;

SQLite COUNT 子句：

• SELECT COUNT(column_name)
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION;

SQLite DELETE 语句：

• DELETE FROM table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION;

SQLite DETACH DATABASE 语句：

• DETACH DATABASE ‘Alias-Name‘;

SQLite DISTINCT 子句：

• SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name;

SQLite DROP INDEX 语句：

• DROP INDEX database_name.index_name;

SQLite DROP TABLE 语句：

• DROP TABLE database_name.table_name;

SQLite DROP VIEW 语句：

• DROP VIEW view_name;

SQLite DROP TRIGGER 语句：

• DROP TRIGGER trigger_name

SQLite EXISTS 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  column_name EXISTS (SELECT * FROM   table_name );

SQLite EXPLAIN 语句：

• EXPLAIN INSERT statement...;
  or 
  EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN SELECT statement...;

SQLite GLOB 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  column_name GLOB  PATTERN ;

SQLite GROUP BY 子句：

• SELECT SUM(column_name)
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION
  GROUP BY column_name;

SQLite HAVING 子句：

• SELECT SUM(column_name)
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION
  GROUP BY column_name
  HAVING (arithematic function condition);

SQLite INSERT INTO 语句：

• INSERT INTO table_name( column1, column2....columnN)
  VALUES ( value1, value2....valueN);

SQLite IN 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  column_name IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite Like 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  column_name LIKE  PATTERN ;

SQLite NOT IN 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  column_name NOT IN (val-1, val-2,...val-N);

SQLite ORDER BY 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION
  ORDER BY column_name ASC|DESC;

SQLite PRAGMA 语句：

• PRAGMA pragma_name;
  
  For example:
  
  PRAGMA page_size;
  PRAGMA cache_size = 1024;
  PRAGMA table_info(table_name);

SQLite RELEASE SAVEPOINT 语句：

• RELEASE savepoint_name;

SQLite REINDEX 语句：

• REINDEX collation_name;
  REINDEX database_name.index_name;
  REINDEX database_name.table_name;

SQLite ROLLBACK 语句：

• ROLLBACK;
  or
  ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SAVEPOINT 语句：

• SAVEPOINT savepoint_name;

SQLite SELECT 语句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name;

SQLite UPDATE 语句：

• UPDATE table_name
  SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2....columnN=valueN
  [ WHERE  CONDITION ];

SQLite VACUUM 语句：

• VACUUM;

SQLite WHERE 子句：

• SELECT column1, column2....columnN
  FROM   table_name
  WHERE  CONDITION;