Struts2入门

Posted chenjiahao9527

tags:

篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了Struts2入门相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。

一.struts框架得到环境搭建

首先我们建一个maven项目(里面有很多细节问题可以看 https://www.cnblogs.com/chenjiahao9527/p/11079245.html

这次在pom.xml加下面的代码

	  <dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

  

然后我们把下面配置文件导入项目中的src/amin/resources中

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include><!-- 原有的配置文件  -->
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include><!-- 基础的配置文件  -->
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

  struts-base.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" /><!-- 编码格式  -->
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /><!-- 动态方法调用  -->
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" /><!-- 不重启项目修改代码立即生效 -->
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" /><!-- 开起动态方法调用  -->

	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

  struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 这包能更加细分action的归类 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	
	  </action>
	  
	</package>
</struts>

  配置web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>Struts</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>Struts</filter-name>
   <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

  

二.struts的动态方法调用、struts传参(jsp和后台的互传)

1、动态动态方法调用

技术图片

jsp代码:

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>动态方法调用</h3>
<a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath/sy/demo_add.action">新增</a>
<a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath/sy/demo_del.action">删除</a>


</body>

</html>

  在struts-sy.xml里面配置了方法传递

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
    <!-- 这包能更加细分action的归类 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	  <action name="/demo_*" class="com.chenjiahao.web.HelloAction" method="1">
	      <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
	  </action>
	  
	</package>
</struts>

  java代码

	//动态方法的调用
public class HelloAction() public String add() System.out.println("调用add方法......."); return "rs"; public String del() System.out.println("调用del方法......."); return "rs";

  

这样就可以调用动态方法了


2、jsp传递参数到后台,后台如何接受

先建一个实体类

package com.chenjiahao.emtity;

public class Cal 

	private String num1;
	private String num2;

	public String getNum1() 
		return num1;
	

	public void setNum1(String num1) 
		this.num1 = num1;
	

	public String getNum2() 
		return num2;
	

	public void setNum2(String num2) 
		this.num2 = num2;
	

	@Override
	public String toString() 
		return "Cal [num1=" + num1 + ", num2=" + num2 + "]";
	


       implements modelDrivern
           set/get
           类实例.属性名

	
public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>

private HttpServletRequest request;
	private Cal cal1=new Cal();
    private Cal cal2;
    private String sex;

	public Cal getCal2() 
		return cal2;
	

	public void setCal2(Cal cal2) 
		this.cal2 = cal2;
		
	public String getSex() 
		return sex;
	
	public void setSex(String sex) 
		this.sex = sex;
	
/**
	 * implements ModelDriven   接收参数值
	 * @return
	 */

	public String accept1() 
		System.out.println("cal1:"+cal1);
	return "rs";
	
/**
	 * 类实例.属性名    接收参数值
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept2() 
		System.out.println("cal2:"+cal2);
		return "rs";
	
	/**
	 * set/get    接收参数值
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept3() 
		System.out.println(sex);
		return "rs";
	
	



  jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>

<h3>后台接收jsp传递参数的三种方法</h3>

<a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath/sy/demo_accept1.action?num1=20&&num2=5">accept1</a>
<a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath/sy/demo_accept2.action?cal2.num1=20&&cal2.num2=5">accept2</a>
<a href="$pageContext.request.contextPath/sy/demo_accept3.action?sex=nv">accept3</a>

</body>

</html>

  结果:

技术图片

 

 


3、后台传递到jsp的方式
     set/get定义的属性是可以接受到的不需要任何操作

直接在jsp用el表达式

技术图片

 


     req.set.....

 

	



public class HelloAction ServletRequestAware
private HttpServletRequest request;
public String accept1() 
		System.out.println("cal1:"+cal1);
		/**
		 *后台传递到jsp的方式
         *set/get定义的属性是可以接受到的
         *req.set.....
		 */
		//注入耦合
//		request.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
		//非注入耦合
		HttpServletRequest request2 = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		request2.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
//		非注入解耦(这种方式一般没人用,因为记不住context的实现类路径)
//		ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
//		context.get("XXXX");
		return "rs";
	

  

  

 

以上是关于Struts2入门的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

struts2入门

struts2系列:struts2入门(struts2的产生struts2的工作流程搭建struts2开发环境)

Struts2— 入门

Struts2入门2

Struts2入门

Struts2快速入门视频