python实训第四天

Posted 2022-01-08 7777qqq

# 爬虫全过程：
#     1.发送请求（请求库）
# requests
# selenium
#     2.获取相应数据（服务器返回）
#     3.解析并提取数据（解析库）
# re正则
# bs4（beautifulsoup4）
# Xpath
#     4.保存数据（存储库）
# mongDB

# 爬虫框架
# Scrapy(基于面向对象)

# requests模块详细使用
# http协议：
#     请求url：
#
#     请求方式：
#     GET
#     请求头：
#     Cookie：可能需要关注
#     User-Agent：用来证明自己是浏览器
#import requests
# response=requests.get()
# print(response.status_code)
# print(response.text)

# 携带请求头参数访问知乎
# import requests
# # 请求字典
# headers=‘user-agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36‘
#
# 
# # 在get请求内，添加user-agent
# response=requests.get(url=‘https://www.zhihu.com/explore‘,headers=headers)
# print(response.status_code)
# with open(‘zhihu.html‘,‘w‘,encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
#     f.write(response.text)
#
# 携带cookies
# 携带登录cookies破解github登录验证
# 请求url：。。。。
# 请求方式：。。。。
# 请求头：。。。。
import requests
url=‘https://home.cnblogs.com/set/‘
headers=‘user-agent‘:‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36‘,
         ‘Cookies‘:‘_ga=GA1.2.736039140.1560498371; _gid=GA1.2.393939017.1560498371; __gads=ID=22042d69ef7c440a:T=1560498371:S=ALNI_MZjbBvbmYulhYR0hD7DDAvxO0aolQ; .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies=CfDJ8D8Q4oM3DPZMgpKI1MnYlrl5aDQbB7qHF12lN377FcJeizO5Dr4IA_1e7Aq8woZhTxdhKDrbe8NA3gDFqxX5fXn7Op4tblZ3WlqCLIBc9yYqTekcG0jfa9xAH-ur9i-QKr9dvFLlxL1TVSknTiV9iA9nxENBL_WJqnpg8Lo7M5DkfKd0hslNAvuFza9WE3InaBkqJom6ThPvt0z-LN0yviYk5duwVIT8HM1tfOHM2KT_ERkPqKSUTgVRKYGKWrMsG89yDtjKBL1lp0IjzQtzIzK0215tgd3fh0guFL2U994D-ZgHTQthJ0ZZErBUrZ3Z2aHMiJnHXVJLWW3NWAlRuk-R4snWbHpJt8diYsfn-P-q79Ms2SmCAKEg8Vqzf41Qb5lYT_qvGWw0vU3uZwglGwb6KycLuTwKVIXYcrrmgR_F5mFa6MnIoylo1ljVhgRROZgBVQz15SMONXFGTpaX8zI; .CNBlogsCookie=A7F62226302E1403835FB5491EFFE521C6FEB4D05375BC64EC3B87D308A75E4372DBFD7E26B197F93A52D7C4212BA3EF74F4A65A51B7CA92266DAA7F0365C3C7FE6BA6294557EF3FB7CAB11990D3E5723D5FEB51; _gat=1‘
github_res=requests.get(url, headers=headers)

import requests
cookies=‘Cookies‘:‘_ga=GA1.2.736039140.1560498371; _gid=GA1.2.393939017.1560498371; __gads=ID=22042d69ef7c440a:T=1560498371:S=ALNI_MZjbBvbmYulhYR0hD7DDAvxO0aolQ; .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies=CfDJ8D8Q4oM3DPZMgpKI1MnYlrl5aDQbB7qHF12lN377FcJeizO5Dr4IA_1e7Aq8woZhTxdhKDrbe8NA3gDFqxX5fXn7Op4tblZ3WlqCLIBc9yYqTekcG0jfa9xAH-ur9i-QKr9dvFLlxL1TVSknTiV9iA9nxENBL_WJqnpg8Lo7M5DkfKd0hslNAvuFza9WE3InaBkqJom6ThPvt0z-LN0yviYk5duwVIT8HM1tfOHM2KT_ERkPqKSUTgVRKYGKWrMsG89yDtjKBL1lp0IjzQtzIzK0215tgd3fh0guFL2U994D-ZgHTQthJ0ZZErBUrZ3Z2aHMiJnHXVJLWW3NWAlRuk-R4snWbHpJt8diYsfn-P-q79Ms2SmCAKEg8Vqzf41Qb5lYT_qvGWw0vU3uZwglGwb6KycLuTwKVIXYcrrmgR_F5mFa6MnIoylo1ljVhgRROZgBVQz15SMONXFGTpaX8zI; .CNBlogsCookie=A7F62226302E1403835FB5491EFFE521C6FEB4D05375BC64EC3B87D308A75E4372DBFD7E26B197F93A52D7C4212BA3EF74F4A65A51B7CA92266DAA7F0365C3C7FE6BA6294557EF3FB7CAB11990D3E5723D5FEB51; _gat=1‘
github_res=requests.get(url,headers=headers,cookies=cookies)
print(‘[email protected]‘ in github_res.text)

多线程爬虫

# 3.6python解释器 3.7报错shutdown
import requests
import re
import uuid
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor#导入线程池模块
pool=ThreadPoolExecutor(50)#线程池限制50个线程
# 爬虫三部曲

# 1.发送请求
def get_page(url):
    print(f‘开始异步任务:url‘)
    response=requests.get(url)
    return response
# 2.解析数据
# 解析主页获取视频详情ID
def parse_index(res):
    response=res.result()
    id_list = re.findall(‘<a href="video_(.*?)"‘, response.text, re.S)
    for m_id in id_list:
        detail_url = ‘https://www.pearvideo.com/video_‘ + m_id
        pool.submit(get_page,detail_url).add_done_callback(parse_detail)
# 解析详情页获取视频url
def parse_detail(res):
    response=res.result()
    movie_url=re.findall(‘srcUrl="(.*?)"‘,response.text,re.S)[0]
    pool.submit(get_page, movie_url).add_done_callback(save_movie)
# 保存数据
def save_movie(res):
    movie_res=res.result()
    with open(f‘uuid.uuid4().mp4‘,‘wb‘)as f:
         f.write(movie_res.content)
         print(f‘视频下载结束：movie_res.url‘)
         f.flush()
if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    url=‘https://www.pearvideo.com/‘
    pool.submit(get_page, url).add_done_callback(parse_index)

爬取豆瓣部分电影相关信息

‘‘‘‘‘‘
‘‘‘
主页:
    https://movie.douban.com/top250
    GET
    User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.146 Safari/537.36
    
re正则:
    # 电影详情页url、图片链接、电影名称、电影评分、评价人数
    <div class="item">.*?href="(.*?)">.*?src="(.*?)".*?<span class="title">(.*?)</span>.*?<span class="rating_num".*?>(.*?)</span>.*?<span>(.*?)人评价
‘‘‘
import requests
import re
url = ‘https://movie.douban.com/top250‘
headers = 
    ‘User-Agent‘: ‘Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.146 Safari/537.36‘

# 1、往豆瓣TOP250发送请求获取响应数据
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)

# print(response.text)

# 2、通过正则解析提取数据
# 电影详情页url、图片链接、电影名称、电影评分、评价人数
movie_content_list = re.findall(
    # 正则规则
    ‘<div class="item">.*?href="(.*?)">.*?src="(.*?)".*?<span class="title">(.*?)</span>.*?<span class="rating_num".*?>(.*?)</span>.*?<span>(.*?)人评价‘,

    # 解析文本
    response.text,

    # 匹配模式
    re.S)

for movie_content in movie_content_list:
    # 解压赋值每一部电影
    detail_url, movie_jpg, name, point, num = movie_content
    data = f‘电影名称:name,   详情页url:detail_url, 图片url:movie_jpg, 评分: point, 评价人数: num \\n‘
    print(data)

    # 3、保存数据，把电影信息写入文件中
    with open(‘douban.txt‘, ‘a‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘) as f:
        f.write(data)