appium webdriver 基本操作及小例子等

Posted 2022-01-06 xiaoxiao075

#encoding=utf-8
‘‘‘
‘‘‘
#driver新建
driver=webdriver.Remote(‘http://localhost:4723/wd/hub‘,caps)

#关闭driver
driver.quit()

#find_element_by_id
box=driver.find_element_by_id(‘com.xsteach.appedu:id/rl_home_top_search‘)
box=driver.find_element_by_id(‘rl_home_top_search‘)

#class_name

driver.find_element_by_class_name(‘android.widget.TextView‘)

#这个方式获取到的是一个列表
driver.find_elements_by_android_uiautomator(‘new UiSelector().className("android.widget.TextView")‘)[2] 

#xpath
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.RadioButton[@text=‘个人中心‘]")

#text 同className方式，结果是一个list
driver.find_elements_by_android_uiautomator(‘new UiSelector().text("个人中心")‘)

#textContains 不是list
driver.find_element_by_android_uiautomator(‘new UiSelector().textContains("中心")‘).click()

#正则匹配 不是list
driver.find_element_by_android_uiautomator(‘new UiSelector().textMatches(".*的课程.*")‘).click()


#*******************webview定位类似frame的操作方式****************

#link_text
driver.find_element_by_link_text(‘新闻‘)
driver.find_element_by_name(‘‘)  #android原生页面没有name属性

#find_element(by,value)
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver.find_element(By.ID,‘kw‘)

cateid_locator=(By.ID,"ag2")
driver.find_element(*cateid_locator).click()

#*******************by的相关操作*****************

By.ID   相当于by_id
By.CLASS_NAME  相当于by_class_name
By.XPATH   相当于by_xpath
By.NAME   相当于by_name
By.TAG_NAME   相当于by_tag_name
By.CSS_SELECTOR  相当于by_css_selector
By.LINK_TEXT  相当于by_link_text

#find_elements_by_class_name  返回列表
driver.find_elements_by_class_name("android.widget.TextView")[10].click()

#先找到元素一 再继续查找元素二
driver.find_element_by_class_name(“xxx”).find_element_by_name(“yyy")

#清空clear
driver.find_element_by_id(‘editText‘).clear()


#***************左右上下滑动屏幕(x*3/4,y/4,x/4,y/4)************
#表示起始点坐标、终点坐标，参照点左上角
#左滑
x=driver.get_window_size()[‘width‘]
y=driver.get_window_size()[‘height‘]
driver.swipe(x*3/4,y/4,x/4,y/4)

#右滑
driver.swipe(x/4,y/4,x*3/4,y/4)

#下滑（与上滑有可能反了）
driver.swipe(x/4,y/4,x/4,y*3/4)

#上滑
driver.swipe(x/4,y*3/4,x/4,y/4)


#**********TouchAction 类似ActionChains**********

#滑动页面(解锁密码可以用)

from appium.webdriver.common.touch_action import TouchAction
def test_scroll_down(driver):
    screen = driver.get_window_size()
    action = TouchAction(driver)
    action.press(x=screen[‘width‘]/2,y=screen[‘height‘]/2)
    action.move_to(x=0,y=-screen[‘height‘]/10)
    action.release()
    action.perform()

#***********获取界面属性，控件属性**********

#当前的activity
driver.current_activity

#屏幕高宽,字典
driver.get_window_size()

#获取控件的文本
mobile_name.get_attribute(‘text‘) 或者mobile_name.text

#获取控件类型
mobile_name.get_attribute(‘className‘)

#控件是否显示
mobile_name.is_displayed()或者 mobile_name.get_attribute(‘displayed‘)

#获得控件的位置
mobile_name.location

#获得控件的大小
mobile_name.size

#截屏
driver.get_screenshot_as_file(filepath)

#断言
assert ‘建筑设计‘ in driver.page_source

#*********键盘事件***********

#模拟点击返回键
driver.press_keycode(4)

appium可以借助pc端selenium的物理按键代码来操作。 
driver.press_keycode() 括号内填入pc端键盘的代号

#键盘事件操作
driver.keyevent(66) #电话键

KEYCODE_CALL 拨号键 5 
KEYCODE_ENDCALL 挂机键 6 
KEYCODE_HOME 按键Home 3 
KEYCODE_MENU 菜单键 82 
KEYCODE_BACK 返回键 4 
KEYCODE_SEARCH 搜索键 84 
KEYCODE_CAMERA 拍照键 27 
KEYCODE_FOCUS 拍照对焦键 80 
KEYCODE_POWER 电源键 26 
KEYCODE_NOTIFICATION 通知键 83 
KEYCODE_MUTE 话筒静音键 91 
KEYCODE_VOLUME_MUTE 扬声器静音键 164 
KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP 音量增加键 24 
KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN 音量减小键 25

控制键

KEYCODE_ENTER 回车键 66 
KEYCODE_ESCAPE ESC键 111 
KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER 导航键 确定键 23 
KEYCODE_DPAD_UP 导航键 向上 19 
KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN 导航键 向下 20 
KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT 导航键 向左 21 
KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT 导航键 向右 22 
KEYCODE_MOVE_HOME 光标移动到开始键 122 
KEYCODE_MOVE_END 光标移动到末尾键 123 
KEYCODE_PAGE_UP 向上翻页键 92 
KEYCODE_PAGE_DOWN 向下翻页键 93 
KEYCODE_DEL 退格键 67 
KEYCODE_FORWARD_DEL 删除键 112 
KEYCODE_INSERT 插入键 124 
KEYCODE_TAB Tab键 61 
KEYCODE_NUM_LOCK 小键盘锁 143 
KEYCODE_CAPS_LOCK 大写锁定键 115 
KEYCODE_BREAK Break/Pause键 121 
KEYCODE_SCROLL_LOCK 滚动锁定键 116 
KEYCODE_ZOOM_IN 放大键 168 
KEYCODE_ZOOM_OUT 缩小键 169

组合键

KEYCODE_ALT_LEFT Alt+Left 
KEYCODE_ALT_RIGHT Alt+Right 
KEYCODE_CTRL_LEFT Control+Left 
KEYCODE_CTRL_RIGHT Control+Right 
KEYCODE_SHIFT_LEFT Shift+Left 
KEYCODE_SHIFT_RIGHT Shift+Right

基本

KEYCODE_0 按键’0’ 7 
KEYCODE_1 按键’1’ 8 
KEYCODE_2 按键’2’ 9 
KEYCODE_3 按键’3’ 10 
KEYCODE_4 按键’4’ 11 
KEYCODE_5 按键’5’ 12 
KEYCODE_6 按键’6’ 13 
KEYCODE_7 按键’7’ 14 
KEYCODE_8 按键’8’ 15 
KEYCODE_9 按键’9’ 16 
KEYCODE_A 按键’A’ 29 
KEYCODE_B 按键’B’ 30 
KEYCODE_C 按键’C’ 31 
KEYCODE_D 按键’D’ 32 
KEYCODE_E 按键’E’ 33 
KEYCODE_F 按键’F’ 34 
KEYCODE_G 按键’G’ 35 
KEYCODE_H 按键’H’ 36 
KEYCODE_I 按键’I’ 37 
KEYCODE_J 按键’J’ 38 
KEYCODE_K 按键’K’ 39 
KEYCODE_L 按键’L’ 40 
KEYCODE_M 按键’M’ 41 
KEYCODE_N 按键’N’ 42 
KEYCODE_O 按键’O’ 43 
KEYCODE_P 按键’P’ 44 
KEYCODE_Q 按键’Q’ 45 
KEYCODE_R 按键’R’ 46 
KEYCODE_S 按键’S’ 47 
KEYCODE_T 按键’T’ 48 
KEYCODE_U 按键’U’ 49 
KEYCODE_V 按键’V’ 50 
KEYCODE_W 按键’W’ 51 
KEYCODE_X 按键’X’ 52 
KEYCODE_Y 按键’Y’ 53 
KEYCODE_Z 按键’Z’ 54



************************小例子*************************
#某教育app的例子

from appium import webdriver
import time
caps = 
caps["appPackage"] = "com.xsteach.appedu"
caps["appActivity"] = "com.xsteach.appedu.StartActivity"
caps["platformName"] = "Android"
caps["platformVersion"] = ‘6.0.1‘
caps["deviceName"] = ‘3HX0217115011233‘
caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = True
caps["autoAcceptAlerts"] = True #对权限弹窗进行授权
caps["resetKeyboard"] = True
caps["noReset"] = True
caps["newCommandTimeout"]=6000

driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)

#获取手机屏幕大小，返回字典 ‘width‘: 720, ‘height‘: 1280
size = driver.get_window_size()
print(size)

print(driver.is_app_installed("com.xsteach.appedu"))

#关闭app
driver.close_app()

driver.quit()


#***************************模拟某教育APP 搜索操作**************************

from appium import webdriver
import time
caps = 
caps["appPackage"] = "com.xsteach.appedu"
caps["appActivity"] = "com.xsteach.appedu.StartActivity"
caps["platformName"] = "Android"
caps["platformVersion"] = ‘8‘
caps["deviceName"] = ‘3HX0217115011233‘
caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = True
caps["autoAcceptAlerts"] = True #对权限弹窗进行授权
caps["resetKeyboard"] = True
caps["noReset"] = True
caps["newCommandTimeout"]=6000

driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)

#获取手机大小‘width‘: 1080, ‘height‘: 1808
size = driver.get_window_size()
print(size)

# 查看指定包名的app是否已经按照
print(driver.is_app_installed("com.xsteach.appedu"))

#driver.start_activity(‘com.xsteach.appedu‘, ‘.StartActivity‘)
# 打印一下当前页面的activity
print(driver.current_activity)
time.sleep(5)
uList = driver.find_elements_by_android_uiautomator("new UiSelector().text(\\"个人中心\\")")
print(uList[0].text)

box=driver.find_element_by_id("com.xsteach.appedu:id/rl_home_top_search")
box.click()
time.sleep(2)

box=driver.find_element_by_id("com.xsteach.appedu:id/editText")
time.sleep(2)
box.send_keys("python")
time.sleep(4)

driver.find_element_by_id("com.xsteach.appedu:id/item_tv_dynamic_search_result").click()  #随便选了一个下拉结果点击选择
time.sleep(3)

#关闭app
driver.close_app()



#2、也可以跳过某些场景，达到某个页面
# element = driver.find_element_by_android_uiautomator(‘new UiSelector().text("新用户")‘)
# element.click()
print(driver.current_activity)
ele = driver.start_activity(‘com.xsteach.appedu‘, ‘.StartActivity‘)
print(driver.current_activity)
time.sleep(5)
box=driver.find_element_by_id("com.xsteach.appedu:id/rl_home_top_search")
box.click()
time.sleep(2)

box=driver.find_element_by_id("editText")
time.sleep(1)
box.send_keys("设计")
time.sleep(3)
box.clear()
box.send_keys("编程")
driver.find_element_by_id("tv_Text").click()


******************************登录的完整例子*******************************

from appium import webdriver
import time
import os
caps = 
caps["appPackage"] = "com.xsteach.appedu"
caps["appActivity"] = "com.xsteach.appedu.StartActivity"
caps["platformName"] = "Android"
caps["platformVersion"] = ‘8‘
caps["deviceName"] = ‘3HX0217115011233‘
caps["unicodeKeyboard"] = True
caps["autoAcceptAlerts"] = True #对权限弹窗进行授权
caps["resetKeyboard"] = True
caps["noReset"] = True
caps["newCommandTimeout"]=6000

driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4723/wd/hub", caps)

#等待5秒
driver.implicitly_wait(5)

person_center =driver.find_element_by_id("content_rb_mine")
#person_center = driver.find_elements_by_android_uiautomator("new UiSelector().text(\\"+个人中心\\")")
person_center.click()

log_in = driver.find_element_by_id("tvLogin")
log_in.click()
driver.find_element_by_id("etUser").send_keys("fosterwu")
driver.find_element_by_id("etPwd").send_keys("gloryroad123")
driver.find_element_by_id("btnLogin").click()
time.sleep(3)
driver.close_app()


*****************************chrome百度搜索的一个例子***************************
#注意chrome 与chromedriver的版本匹配问题
https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/writing-running-appium/web/chromedriver.md

#chromedriver版本替换
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6a8557730102y17x.html


from appium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

import time,os
url=‘https://www.baidu.com‘
desired_caps = 
    ‘platformName‘: ‘Android‘,
    ‘deviceName‘: ‘3HX0217115011233‘,
    ‘platformVersion‘: ‘8‘,
    ‘noReset‘: True,
    ‘browserName‘:‘Chrome‘,
     "newCommandTimeout": "6000"


driver=webdriver.Remote(‘http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub‘, desired_caps)
print(‘浏览器启动成功‘)
driver.get("http://www.baidu.com")
#time.sleep(2)
#华为手机，会弹出个权限的系统提示框，执行两次回车动作可以取消掉。
driver.keyevent(66)
driver.keyevent(66)
try:
    WebDriverWait(driver,10,1).until(lambda x:x.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id=‘index-kw‘]")).send_keys("光荣之路")  #xpath 定位如何获取到的
    time.sleep(5)
    driver.keyevent(66)
except Exception as err:
    pass
driver.keyevent(66)
time.sleep(5)
assert "光荣之路" in driver.page_source

driver.close_app()




https://www.cnblogs.com/helenMemery/p/7346485.html

desired_caps[‘recreateChromeDriverSessions‘] = True启动时，这个参数也加上，他这是每到一个webview页面就重新创建一个driver，要不然定位找不到

1.手机端打开需要获取的webview页面
2. pc端chrome浏览器地址栏中输入：chrome://inspect/#devices，定位元素
 
但是需要FQ，如果能FQ，就可以加载出来
https://github.com/appium/appium/blob/master/docs/en/writing-running-appium/web/chromedriver.md
:
这个是appium在GitHub上对webview和chromedriver版本的说明

报stableObject异常时候，加个sleep.

切换webview的操作，没有查到怎么切换回去，可以先记录一下 之前的contexts，再切回之前的
网上查到了这个：
self.driver.switch_to.context()
如果是从App转到web的话（）填"WEBVIEW_1"，
如果web转到App的话填"NATIVE_APP"

contexts = driver.contexts
print contexts
c = contexts[1]
print c
driver.switch_to.context(c)
now = driver.current_context
print (now)