使用Haproxy+nginx 搭建负载均衡集群

Posted 2022-01-03

案例环境

本案例使用三台服务器模拟搭建一套Web集群，如下所示：

实验步骤如下：

1. 编辑安装nginx服务器
   安装依赖包下载nginx-01服务器
   [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel
   [[email protected] ~]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
   [[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
   [[email protected] ~]# cd nginx-1.6.3/
   [[email protected] nginx-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
   [[email protected] nginx-1.6.3]# make && make install
   [[email protected] nginx-1.6.3]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
   建立测试页面
   [[email protected] html]# echo "192.168.150.129" >> index.html
   启动nginx
   [[email protected] html]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   建立防火墙机制
   [[email protected] html]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
   搭建nginx-02服务器
   [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel
   [[email protected] ~]# wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
   [[email protected] ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
   [[email protected] ~]# cd nginx-1.6.3/
   [[email protected] nginx-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
   [[email protected] nginx-1.6.3]# make && make install
   [[email protected] nginx-1.6.3]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
   建立测试页面
   [[email protected] html]# echo "192.168.150.133" >> index.html
   启动nginx
   [[email protected] html]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
   建立防火墙机制
   [[email protected] html]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
   安装完成后，在客户端访问nginx进行测试，如下图所示：
   
   

2. 安装配置haproxy
   [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel bzip2-devel gcc* -y
   [[email protected] ~]# wget http://www.haproxy.org/download/1.4/src/haproxy-1.4.27.tar.gz
   [[email protected] ~]# tar xvzf haproxy-1.4.27.tar.gz
   [[email protected] ~]# cd haproxy-1.4.27/
   [[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# make TARGET=linux26
   创建配置文件目录
   [[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# mkdir /etc/haproxy
   将样本复制到配置文件目录
   [[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# cp examples/haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/
3. 根据目前集群设计，将haproxy.cfg配置文件修改如下：

[[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
global
log 127.0.0.1 local2

chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn     4000
user        haproxy
group       haproxy
daemon

stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats

defaults
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000

frontend main *:80
acl url_static path_beg -i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets
acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js

default_backend             app

backend app
balance roundrobin
server app1 192.168.150.129:80 check
server app2 192.168.150.133:80 check
配置文件因版本而已 请不要复制 参数基本一样

4. 创建自启动脚本

[[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# cp examples/haproxy.init /etc/init.d/haproxy
[[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# ln -s /usr/local/sbin/haproxy /usr/sbin/haproxy
[[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/haproxy
[[email protected] haproxy-1.4.27]#systemctl start haproxy

5. 测试Web集群
   通过上面的步骤，已经搭建完成Haproxy的Web集群，下面验证一下集群是否正常工作，一个集群一般具备两个特性：高性能与高可用
   （1）测试高性能
   在客户端使用浏览器打开http://192.168.150.131，如下图所示：

（2）测试高可用
现在将nginx1服务停用，在客户端访问代理服务器，浏览器会显示nginx2网页内容，不会影响集群的使用，满足了集群的高可用性