Ubuntu16.04LTS上用cmake编译安装OpenCV3
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一、源码准备:opencv、cmake
1、opencv官网 https://opencv.org/ 下载源码包:opencv-3.4.0.tar.gz
2、cmake官网 https://cmake.org/ 下载源码包:cmake-3.10.2.tar.gz
二、安装cmake
1、解压源码、进入解压后的目录
$ tar -zxvf cmake-3.10.2.tar.gz
$ cd cmake-3.10.2
2、读README.rst文档,按说明操作:
解读:首先要有C++编译器,而且要支持C++11标准的(g++版本太低会出错,请自行升级);然后运行$ ./bootstrap 脚本进行配置,可以使用一些项如“--help”、“--prefix”(安装目录); bootstrap成功后,执行$ make $ make install。
总之,就三个命令:
$ ./bootstrap
$ make
$ sudo make install
安装完成,检测下:
$ cmake --version
搞定,就是这么简单。
PS:据说还有一种更简单粗暴的方法:
$ sudo apt-get install cmake
三、安装依赖库
$ sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg-dev libtiff4-dev libswscale-dev libjasper-dev
四、安装Opencv
1、解压源码、进入解压后的目录
$ tar -zxvf opencv-3.4.0.tar.gz
$ cd opencv-3.4.0
2、创建编译文件夹build,进入build
$ mkdir build
$cd build
3、执行以下命令,CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=路径,"..": CMakeLists.txt路径(解压后的opencv中)
$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
这一步,在3.2.0版本时出了点意外,会出现以下错误:
-- ICV: Downloading ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz...
CMake Error at 3rdparty/ippicv/downloader.cmake:73 (file):
file DOWNLOAD HASH mismatch
for file: [/root/library/opencv/opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-808b791a6eac9ed78d32a7666804320e/ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz]
expected hash: [808b791a6eac9ed78d32a7666804320e]
actual hash: [d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e]
status: [1;"Unsupported protocol"]
Call Stack (most recent call first):
3rdparty/ippicv/downloader.cmake:110 (_icv_downloader)
cmake/OpenCVFindIPP.cmake:243 (include)
cmake/OpenCVFindLibsPerf.cmake:37 (include)
CMakeLists.txt:558 (include)
CMake Error at 3rdparty/ippicv/downloader.cmake:77 (message):
ICV: Failed to download ICV package: ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz.
Status=1;"Unsupported protocol"
Call Stack (most recent call first):
3rdparty/ippicv/downloader.cmake:110 (_icv_downloader)
cmake/OpenCVFindIPP.cmake:243 (include)
cmake/OpenCVFindLibsPerf.cmake:37 (include)
CMakeLists.txt:558 (include)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/root/library/opencv/opencv-3.2.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "/root/library/opencv/opencv-3.2.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".
百度查了下:安装opencv的过程中要下载ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz,由于网络的原因,这个文件经常会下载失败。
解决方法:
1.手动下载 ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz ; 可以百度一下,一大堆。
2.创建 opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-808b791a6eac9ed78d32a7666804320e/ 目录
不要照抄!!! 该目录根据输出的错误信息选择创建,如上:(特意将那么多行的错误信息贴出来,就是为了说明这点)
for file: [/root/library/opencv/opencv-3.2.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-808b791a6eac9ed78d32a7666804320e/ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz]
3.将下载的文件放置该目录下;
4.重新执行 cmake 命令即可。
4、编译 (未知错误:Ubuntu1204出错,1404正常;猜测可能是依赖库的版本问题)
$ make
5、安装
$ make install
6、配置opencv的环境变量
$ vi /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf (文件或为空,新创建)
添加:/usr/local/lib
$ ldconfig //使生效
7、配置bash
$ vi /etc/bash.bashrc
文末添加以下两行:
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH
$ source /etc/bash.bashrc //使生效
五、测试
使用自带测试用例,在samples/cpp/example_cmake下
有兴趣的可以阅读下example_cmake下 CMakeLists.txt 是如何写的,里面有大量注释。
$ cmake .
$ make
$ ./opencv_example
1、无摄像头环境:
Built with OpenCV 3.4.0
No capture
2、有摄像头环境:
Built with OpenCV 3.4.0
Capture is opened
select timeout
select timeout
OpenCV Error: Assertion failed (total() == 0 || data != __null) in Mat, file /root/library/opencv/opencv-3.4.0/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp, line 500
terminate called after throwing an instance of ‘cv::Exception‘
what(): /root/library/opencv/opencv-3.4.0/modules/core/include/opencv2/core/mat.inl.hpp:500: error: (-215) total() == 0 || data != __null in function Mat
已放弃 (核心已转储)
运行出错:打开摄像头超时!!!
尚未找到原因,先搁置一边。
此问题已解决,详见【虚拟机Ubuntu打开摄像头失败及OpenCV打开摄像头超时的问题】!!!
解决问题后的效果:
---------------------
作者:曾哥哥_zeng
来源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30155503/article/details/79419206
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