企业级应用，如何实现服务化五（dubbo综合案例）

Posted 2021-12-19 itall

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　　这是企业级应用，如何实现服务化第五篇。在上一篇企业级应用，如何实现服务化四（基础环境准备）中。已经准备好了zookeeper注册中心，和dubbo管理控制台。这一篇通过一个综合案例，看一看在企业级应用中，如何将dubbo整合应用起来。

1.案例架构

项目模块说明：

#描述项目模块：
    1.父/聚合项目：spring-dubbo-master
        统一管理依赖版本信息，用于快速构建各个项目模块

    2.实体类子项目：spring-dubbo-domain
        用于放置实体类

    3.持久层子项目：spring-dubbo-dao
        用于放置持久层dao

    4.业务层子项目：spring-dubbo-service
        用于放置业务层service实现类

    5.web层子项目：spring-dubbo-web
        用于放置表现层Controller，以及表现层资源

    6.公共接口层项目：spring-dubbo-interface
        用于放置公共服务接口，把公共接口抽象出来，方便业务层和web层引用

2.服务器规划

3.创建项目模块

　　3.1.创建父/聚合项目

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-dubbo-master</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--父项目，聚合项目打包方式设置为pom-->
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!--聚合其他模块-->
    <modules>
        <module>spring-dubbo-domain</module>
        <module>spring-dubbo-dao</module>
        <module>spring-dubbo-interface</module>
        <module>spring-dubbo-service</module>
        <module>spring-dubbo-web</module>
    </modules>

    <!--统一管理依赖版本-->
    <properties>
        <!--spring 版本-->
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <!-- log4j日志包版本 -->
        <slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <!-- jstl标签版本 -->
        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
        <!--servlet版本-->
        <servlet.version>2.5</servlet.version>
        <!--jsp版本-->
        <jsp.version>2.0</jsp.version>
        <!-- mybatis版本号 -->
        <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
        <!--mysql驱动版本-->
        <mysql.version>5.1.30</mysql.version>
        <!-- mybatis-spring整合包版本 -->
        <mybatis.spring.version>1.3.1</mybatis.spring.version>
        <!--druid版本-->
        <druid.version>1.0.29</druid.version>
        <!-- aspectj版本号 -->
        <aspectj.version>1.6.12</aspectj.version>
        <!--dubbo相关版本号-->
        <dubbo.version>2.7.0</dubbo.version>
        <zookeeper.version>3.4.7</zookeeper.version>
        <zkclient.version>0.1</zkclient.version>
        <curator.version>2.11.1</curator.version>
    </properties>

    <!--统一管理依赖-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring依赖包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>$spring.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring web包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>$spring.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring mvc包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                <version>$spring.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring jdbc包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>$spring.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring tx包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                <version>$spring.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--aspectj包-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
                <version>$aspectj.version</version>
            </dependency>

            <!-- jstl标签类 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>jstl</groupId>
                <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                <version>$jstl.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--servlet依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                <version>$servlet.version</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--jsp依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                <version>$jsp.version</version>
                <scope>provided</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mybatis核心包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>$mybatis.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mybatis-spring整合包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
                <version>$mybatis.spring.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mysql数据库依赖 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>$mysql.version</version>
                <scope>runtime</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--数据库连接池druid-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>$druid.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- log4j包 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                <version>$log4j.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                <version>$slf4j.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                <version>$slf4j.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--dubbo相关依赖-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>$dubbo.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>$zookeeper.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>$zkclient.version</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
                <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
                <version>$curator.version</version>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    
</project>

　　3.2.创建实体类子项目

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-dubbo-master</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-dubbo-domain</artifactId>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>


</project>

　　3.3.创建持久层子项目

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-dubbo-master</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-dubbo-dao</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <!--配置依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--依赖domain-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-dubbo-domain</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖数据库驱动包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖数据库连接池包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖mybatis框架包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-spring整合包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

　　3.4.创建公共接口项目

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-dubbo-master</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-dubbo-interface</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <!--配置依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--依赖domain-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-dubbo-domain</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

　　3.5.创建业务层子项目

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-dubbo-master</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-dubbo-service</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <!--配置依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--依赖interface-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-dubbo-interface</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖dao-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-dubbo-dao</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖dubbo-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--log4j日志依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>spring-dubbo-service</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

　　3.6.创建web层子项目

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-dubbo-master</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-dubbo-web</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <!--配置依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--依赖interface-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.anan</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-dubbo-interface</artifactId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖servlet-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖jsp-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖jstl-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--依赖dubbo-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
            <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
            <artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--log4j日志依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>spring-dubbo-web</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

　　3.7.业务层子项目开发

　　　　3.7.1.service实现类

package com.anan.service.impl;


import com.anan.dao.UserDao;
import com.anan.po.User;
import com.anan.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.List;

@Service(timeout = 8000)
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService 

    // 定义用户dao
    @Autowired
   private UserDao userDao;

    /**
     * 查询用户列表
     */
    public List<User> findAllUsers() 
        System.out.println("【findAllUsers】");
        return userDao.findAllUsers();

    

    /**
     * 根据用户Id查询用户
     *
     * @param userId
     */
    public User findUserByUserId(Long userId) 
        System.out.println("【findUserByUserId】方法执行中......id="+userId);
        return userDao.findUserByUserId(userId);

    

    /**
     * 更新用户
     *
     * @param user
     */
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED,readOnly = false)
    public void updateUser(User user) 
        System.out.println("【updateUser】方法执行中......");
        userDao.updateUser(user);
    

    /**
     * 查看用户详情信息
     *
     * @param userId
     */
    public User findUserDetailByUserId(Long userId) 
        System.out.println("【findUserDetailByUserId】方法执行中......id="+userId);
        return userDao.findUserDetailByUserId(userId);

　　　　3.7.2.核心配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!--提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系-->
    <dubbo:application name="spring-dubbo-service" />

    <!--使用zookeeper注册中心-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.80.100:2181,192.168.80.101:2181,192.168.80.102:2181"
     file="$catalina.home/dubbo-registry/dubbo-registry.properties" />

    <!--用dubbo协议在20885端口暴露服务-->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20885"></dubbo:protocol>

    <!--扫描service包-->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.anan.service.impl" />


</beans>

　　3.8.web层子项目开发

　　　　3.8.1.Controller控制器

package com.anan.controller;

import com.anan.po.User;
import com.anan.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 用户controller
 */
@Controller
public class UserController 

    // 定义用户service
    @Reference
    private UserService userService;

    /**
     * 查询用户列表数据
     */
    @RequestMapping("/list.do")
    public String list(Model model)
        // 查询用户列表
        List<User> userList = userService.findAllUsers();
        model.addAttribute("userList",userList);

        return "user/list";

    

    /**
     * 根据用户id查询用户
     */
    @RequestMapping("/get.do")
    public String get(Model model,Long id)
        // 根据用户Id查询用户
        User user = userService.findUserByUserId(id);
        model.addAttribute("user",user);

        return "user/edit";

    

    /**
     * 保存修改用户信息
     */
    @RequestMapping("/edit.do")
    public String edit(User user)

        // 更新保存用户信息
        userService.updateUser(user);

        return "redirect:/list.do";
    

    /**
     * 查看用户详情信息
     */
    @RequestMapping("/show.do")
    public String show(Model model,Long id)
        // 查看用户详情信息
        User user = userService.findUserDetailByUserId(id);
        model.addAttribute("user",user);

        return "user/show";

　　　　3.8.2.核心配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo
       http://dubbo.apache.org/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!--配置包扫描controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.anan.controller"/>

    <!--注解驱动方式配置处理器映射器和处理器适配器-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--配置前缀：页面的公共目录路径-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <!--配置后缀：页面的扩展名称-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--消费方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系-->
    <dubbo:application name="spring-dubbo-web"/>

    <!--使用zookeeper注册中心-->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.80.100:2181,192.168.80.101:2181,192.168.80.102:2181"
     file="../dubbo-registry/dubbo-registry.properties"/>

    <!--配置包扫描controller中Reference-->
    <dubbo:annotation package="com.anan.controller"/>

</beans>

4.项目部署

说明：将项目打包，部署到tomcat。

　　4.1.node02节点

　　tomcat_1：

　　tomcat_2：

技术图片

　　4.2.node03节点

　　tomcat_1：

5.测试

说明：启动tomcat，进行测试。

　　5.1.dubbo管理控制台

　　　　5.1.1.服务提供者

　　　　5.1.2.服务消费者

技术图片

　　5.2.访问服务

　　访问地址：http://192.168.80.101:8081/spring-dubbo-web/list.do

　　5.3.service服务后台执行日志

6.小结

　　通过综合案例，实现了一个完整的高可用、负载均衡的web应用。按照项目三层架构：web层-->业务层service-->持久层dao。其中：

web应用高可用、负载均衡方案：
    1.nginx：keepalive，DNS轮询
    2.web层：nginx，F5
    3.service层：微服务框架，dubbo或者spring cloud
    4.dao层：主备+读写分离，可选择通过mycat中间件实现（后续专门针对dao层高可用，写一个系列）

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