WPF 实现多语言支持
Posted wgscd
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WPF 多语言有各种实现方式。如 https://www.codeproject.com/Articles/35159/WPF-Localization-Using-RESX-Files，后来发现这个不够直接和简洁，在看到这里 https://www.cnblogs.com/yang-fei/p/4854460.html 这个朋友的实现觉得蛮不错的。
目前我觉得最好的一种或者说最适合我的一种是利用资源字典文件来做--- 就是吧各个语言创建为一个个资源字典文件，在程序启动的时候将选定的一种语言的资源字典文件作为当前的资源文件。
注意点【WPF中实现先登录后启动主程序的方法】 这个文章帮助我解决了在启动主窗口前启动语言选择窗口供用户选择确定一种语言，当关闭这个语言窗口后发现主窗口也关闭了。。。解决方法在那片文章里，可以这样：
public App() {
App.Current.ShutdownMode= ShutdownMode.OnExplicitShutdown;//防止关闭主窗口
}
先创建2个资源字典文件放入Resources\\Language 文件夹。
EN.xaml：
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:system="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib">
<!-- String resource that can be localized -->
<system:String x:Key="Greeting">en-US Message</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="Message">hello english message</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="mainWindTitle">title english</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="MainWindow_mnu1">Menu item</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="MainWindow_mnu1_sub">Sub Menuitem</system:String>
</ResourceDictionary>
ZH.xaml：
<ResourceDictionary xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:system="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib">
<!-- String resource that can be localized -->
<system:String x:Key="Greeting">测试字符串</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="Message">hello 测试的消息</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="mainWindTitle">标题中文的</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="MainWindow_mnu1">菜单111</system:String>
<system:String x:Key="MainWindow_mnu1_sub">子菜单</system:String>
</ResourceDictionary>
在APP里包含进来创建的两个语言资源字典文件：
<Application x:Class="MultiLanguangeTest.App"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
StartupUri="MainWindow.xaml">
<Application.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary>
<ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
<ResourceDictionary Source="Resources\\Language\\ZH.xaml" />
<ResourceDictionary Source="Resources\\Language\\EN.xaml" />
</ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
</ResourceDictionary>
</Application.Resources>
</Application>
APP里代码：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
namespace MultiLanguangeTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for App.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class App : Application
{
public App() {
App.Current.ShutdownMode= ShutdownMode.OnExplicitShutdown;//防止关闭主窗口
}
protected override void OnStartup(StartupEventArgs e)
{
//启动主窗口之前先启动一个语言选择窗口
string lang = "";
SelectLangWind wind = new SelectLangWind();
wind.ShowDialog();
lang = wind.lang;
ResourceDictionary dict = new ResourceDictionary();
// dict.Source = new Uri(@"Resources\\Language\\EN.xaml", UriKind.Relative);
dict.Source = new Uri(@"Resources\\Language\\"+lang+".xaml", UriKind.Relative);
Application.Current.Resources.MergedDictionaries.Clear();
Application.Current.Resources.MergedDictionaries.Add(dict);
Application.Current.Resources.MergedDictionaries[0] = dict;
// base.OnStartup(e);
}
}
}
主窗口代码：
<Window x:Class="MultiLanguangeTest.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="{DynamicResource mainWindTitle}" Height="350" Width="525">
<Grid>
<Menu Height="33" VerticalAlignment="Top">
<MenuItem Header="{DynamicResource MainWindow_mnu1}">
<MenuItem Header="{DynamicResource MainWindow_mnu1_sub}">
</MenuItem>
</MenuItem>
<MenuItem Header="{DynamicResource MainWindow_mnu1}"></MenuItem>
</Menu>
<Grid>
<TextBlock Text="{DynamicResource Greeting}" Margin="0,30,0,0"/>
<Button VerticalAlignment="Top" Content="{DynamicResource Greeting}" Width="213" Height="35" Click="SwitchButton_Click" Margin="141,132,0,0" HorizontalAlignment="Left"/>
</Grid>
</Grid>
</Window>
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace MultiLanguangeTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
private string _currentLan = string.Empty;
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
Loaded += MainWindow_Loaded;
_currentLan = "EN";
}
void MainWindow_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
App.Current.ShutdownMode = ShutdownMode.OnMainWindowClose;//回复退出模式
}
private void SwitchButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
string message = TryFindResource("Message") as string;
MessageBox.Show(message);
// TODO: 切换系统资源文件
ResourceDictionary dict = new ResourceDictionary();
if (_currentLan == "ZH")
{
dict.Source = new Uri(@"Resources\\Language\\EN.xaml", UriKind.Relative);
_currentLan = "EN";
}
else
{
dict.Source = new Uri(@"Resources\\Language\\ZH.xaml", UriKind.Relative);
_currentLan = "ZH";
}
Application.Current.Resources.MergedDictionaries.Clear();
Application.Current.Resources.MergedDictionaries.Add(dict);
Application.Current.Resources.MergedDictionaries[0] = dict;
}
}
}
贴上选择语言的窗口代码：
<Window x:Class="MultiLanguangeTest.SelectLangWind"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Title="SelectLangWind" Height="234.231" Width="447.692">
<Grid>
<ComboBox Name="comLang" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="153,78,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="120">
<ComboBoxItem Content="English" Tag="EN"/>
<ComboBoxItem Content="简体中文" Tag="ZH"/>
</ComboBox>
<Button Content="OK" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="159,134,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="114" Height="24" Click="btnOK_Click"/>
<Label Content="choose language" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="153,36,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="138"/>
</Grid>
</Window>
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace MultiLanguangeTest
{
/// <summary>
/// Interaction logic for SelectLangWind.xaml
/// </summary>
public partial class SelectLangWind : Window
{
public SelectLangWind()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public string lang = "EN";
private void btnOK_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (comLang.SelectedIndex < 0) return;
lang = ""+(comLang.SelectedItem as ComboBoxItem).Tag;
Close();
}
}
}
源代码： https://files.cnblogs.com/files/wgscd/MultiLanguangeTest.zip
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