Redis cluster集群搭建
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一、redis集群基本介绍
Redis 集群是一个可以在多个 Redis 节点之间进行数据共享的设施installation。
Redis 集群不支持那些需要同时处理多个键的 Redis 命令, 因为执行这些命令需要在多个 Redis 节点之间移动数据, 并且在高负载的情况下, 这些命令将降低Redis集群的性能, 并导致不可预测的行为。
Redis 集群通过分区partition来提供一定程度的可用性availability: 即使集群中有一部分节点失效或者无法进行通讯, 集群也可以继续处理命令请求。
将数据自动切分(split)到多个节点的能力。
当集群中的一部分节点失效或者无法进行通讯时,仍然可以继续处理命令请求的能力。
二、redis集群数据共享
Redis集群使用数据分片(sharding)而非一致性哈希(consistency hashing)来实现:一个Redis集群包含16384个哈希槽(hash slot),数据库中的每个键都属于这16384个哈希槽的其中一个,集群使用公CRC16(key)%16384来计算键key属于哪个槽,其中CRC16(key)语句用于计算键key的CRC16校验和。
节点A负责处理0号至5500号哈希槽。
节点B负责处理5501号至11000号哈希槽。
节点C负责处理11001号至16384号哈希槽。
三、redis cluster
四、集群安装部署
6个redis实例,一般会放到3台硬件服务器
注:在企业规划中,一个分片的两个分到不同的物理机,防止硬件主机宕机造成整个分片数据丢失。
4.1 安装基础软件
# 安装redis,带有redis-trib.rb命令 wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.12.tar.gz tar xf redis-3.2.12.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ mv /usr/local/redis-3.2.12/ /usr/local/redis cd /usr/local/redis/ make PATH=/usr/local/redis/src:$PATH source /etc/profile # 安装ruby软件支持 yum install ruby rubygems -y gem sources -l # 修改为国内源 gem sources -a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/ gem sources -l # 安装redis集群软件,可以指定版本,否则为最新版本 gem install redis -v 3.3.3
4.2 创建各节点配置文件
mkdir -p /data/700{0..5} vim /data/7000/redis.conf port 7000 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7000/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7000/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7000 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes vim /data/7001/redis.conf port 7001 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7001/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7001/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7001 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes vim /data/7002/redis.conf port 7002 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7002/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7002/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7002 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes vim /data/7003/redis.conf port 7003 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7003/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7003/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7003 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes vim /data/7004/redis.conf port 7004 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7004/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7004/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7004 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes vim /data/7005/redis.conf port 7005 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7005/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7005/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7005 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes
4.3 启动节点服务
redis-server /data/7000/redis.conf redis-server /data/7001/redis.conf redis-server /data/7002/redis.conf redis-server /data/7003/redis.conf redis-server /data/7004/redis.conf redis-server /data/7005/redis.conf
4.4 将节点加入集群
会自动将前3个节点认为是master节点,后三个作为对应的从节点。主节点和从节点应该分布到不同的物理节点。
redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005 >>> Creating cluster >>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes... Using 3 masters: 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7003 to 127.0.0.1:7000 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7004 to 127.0.0.1:7001 Adding replica 127.0.0.1:7005 to 127.0.0.1:7002 M: c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 127.0.0.1:7000 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master M: 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 127.0.0.1:7001 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master M: 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 127.0.0.1:7002 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master S: 5d112be8cd376d039a4ab2c66141d2fc25c50486 127.0.0.1:7003 replicates c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 S: 9c758f060663f92e60e4c5c2389e33279e72cb7b 127.0.0.1:7004 replicates 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 S: 78540a81d3d6d9bb6f73f848b7e5fb6b1d3bc5d2 127.0.0.1:7005 replicates 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 Can I set the above configuration? (type ‘yes‘ to accept): yes >>> Nodes configuration updated >>> Assign a different config epoch to each node >>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster Waiting for the cluster to join... >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:7000) M: c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 127.0.0.1:7000 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) M: 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 127.0.0.1:7001 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) M: 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 127.0.0.1:7002 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) S: 5d112be8cd376d039a4ab2c66141d2fc25c50486 127.0.0.1:7003 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 S: 9c758f060663f92e60e4c5c2389e33279e72cb7b 127.0.0.1:7004 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 S: 78540a81d3d6d9bb6f73f848b7e5fb6b1d3bc5d2 127.0.0.1:7005 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered.
4.5 集群状态查看
redis-cli -p 7000 cluster nodes| grep master redis-cli -p 7000 cluster nodes| grep slave
五、集群管理
5.1 新增节点,创建两个节点的目录及配置文件
mkdir /data/700{6,7} vim /data/7006/redis.conf port 7006 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7006/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7006/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7006 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes vim /data/7007/redis.conf port 7007 daemonize yes pidfile /data/7007/redis.pid loglevel notice logfile /data/7007/redis.log dbfilename dump.rdb dir /data/7007 protected-mode no cluster-enabled yes cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000 appendonly yes
5.2 启动新增两节点的服务
redis-server /data/7006/redis.conf redis-server /data/7007/redis.conf
5.3 添加主节点,把7006添加到7000节点所在的主集群中
# redis-trib.rb add-node 127.0.0.1:7006 127.0.0.1:7000 # redis-cli -p 7000 cluster nodes | grep master c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 127.0.0.1:7000 myself,master - 0 0 1 connected 0-5460 10b8ae75c548e46dbabbc5667c0b749813f855e5 127.0.0.1:7006 master - 0 1559015085602 0 connected # 添加到集群之后,并没有分配slot槽位,需要我们手动来平均分配 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 127.0.0.1:7001 master - 0 1559015085602 2 connected 5461-10922 # 平均分配计算:16384/4=4096 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 127.0.0.1:7002 master - 0 1559015084101 3 connected 10923-16383
5.4 转移slot(重新分片)
redis-trib.rb reshard 127.0.0.1:7000 >>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:7000) M: c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 127.0.0.1:7000 slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) M: 10b8ae75c548e46dbabbc5667c0b749813f855e5 127.0.0.1:7006 slots: (0 slots) master 0 additional replica(s) M: 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 127.0.0.1:7001 slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) M: 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 127.0.0.1:7002 slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master 1 additional replica(s) S: 5d112be8cd376d039a4ab2c66141d2fc25c50486 127.0.0.1:7003 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates c4983be04f95d9c9c848ba692cd42cb9201ff4b5 S: 9c758f060663f92e60e4c5c2389e33279e72cb7b 127.0.0.1:7004 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 4223ef9cb913d796bb96187f7a737bc232a68d93 S: 78540a81d3d6d9bb6f73f848b7e5fb6b1d3bc5d2 127.0.0.1:7005 slots: (0 slots) slave replicates 4bb6c9008c10530a13379b738eaee8611ac96738 [OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration. >>> Check for open slots... >>> Check slots coverage... [OK] All 16384 slots covered. How many slots do you want to move (from 1 to 16384)? 4096 # 要移动槽位的大小:4096 What is the receiving node ID? 10b8ae75c548e46dbabbc5667c0b749813f855e5 # 接收节点的ID:7006的ID Please enter all the source node IDs. Type ‘all‘ to use all the nodes as source nodes for the hash slots. # 键入all以将所有节点用作散列槽的源节点。 Type ‘done‘ once you entered all the source nodes IDs. # 输入所有源节点ID后,键入done。 Source node #1:all # 输入all所有节点分配槽位 …… Do you want to proceed with the proposed reshard plan (yes/no)? yes # 是否继续,选择yes
5.5 添加从节点
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