Rsync 故障排查整理(经典)

Posted 2021-12-02

Rsync 故障排查整理
Rsync服务常见问题汇总讲解：

1 客户端的错误现象：No route to host
rsync服务端开启的iptables防火墙

[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

rsync: failed to connect to 172.16.1.41: No route to host (113)

rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at clientserver.c(124) [sender=3.0.6]

异常问题解决：

   关闭rsync服务端的防火墙服务（iptables）

   [[email protected] mnt]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop

   iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter          [  OK  ]

   iptables: Flushing firewall rules:                         [  OK  ]

   iptables: Unloading modules:                               [  OK  ]

   [[email protected] mnt]# /etc/init.d/iptables status

   iptables: Firewall is not running.

==============================================================================================

2 ERROR: The remote path must start with a module name not a /
rsync客户端执行rsync命令错误：

客户端的错误现象：

[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::/backup

ERROR: The remote path must start with a module name not a /

rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]

 异常问题解决：

   rsync命令语法理解错误，::/backup是错误的语法，应该为::backup(rsync模块)

==============================================================================================

3 @ERROR: auth failed on module backup

3. @ERROR: auth failed on module oldboy

   客户端的错误现象：

   [[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

Password:

@ERROR: auth failed on module backup

rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]

异常问题解决：

   1. 密码真的输入错误，用户名真的错误

   2. secrets file = /etc/rsync.password指定的密码文件和实际密码文件名称不一致

   3. /etc/rsync.password文件权限不是600

   4. rsync_backup:123456密码配置文件后面注意不要有空格

   5. rsync客户端密码文件中只输入密码信息即可，不要输入虚拟认证用户名称

==============================================================================================

4 @ERROR: Unknown module ‘backup‘

4. Unknown module ‘backup‘

[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

@ERROR: Unknown module ‘backup‘

rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]

 异常问题解决：

   1、 /etc/rsyncd.conf配置文件模块名称书写错误

   2、配置文件中网段限制不对

==============================================================================================

5 Permission denied
[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

Password:

sending incremental file list

hosts

rsync: mkstemp ".hosts.5z3AOA" (in backup) failed: Permission denied (13)

sent 196 bytes received 27 bytes 63.71 bytes/sec

total size is 349 speedup is 1.57

rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]

 异常问题解决：

   1. 共享目录的属主和属组不正确，不是rsync

   2. 共享目录的权限不正确，不是755

==============================================================================================

6 chdir failed
[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

Password:

@ERROR: chdir failed

rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]

异常问题解决：

1. 备份存储目录没有建立

2. 建立的备份存储目录和配置文件定义不一致

[[email protected] backup]# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory

Stopping xinetd: [ OK ]

Starting xinetd: shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory

                                                       [  OK  ]

说明：如果没有备份存储目录，xinetd服务都不能正确启动

==============================================================================================

7 invalid uid rsync
[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

Password:

@ERROR: invalid uid rsync

rsync error: error starting client-server protocol (code 5) at main.c(1503) [sender=3.0.6]

异常问题解决：

rsync服务对应rsync虚拟用户不存在了

==============================================================================================

8 客户端已经配置了密码文件，但免秘钥登录方式，依旧需要输入密码
password file must not be other-accessible

[[email protected] tmp]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

password file must not be other-accessible

continuing without password file

Password:

sending incremental file list

sent 26 bytes received 8 bytes 5.23 bytes/sec

total size is 349 speedup is 10.26

异常问题解决：

rsync客户端的秘钥文件也必须是600权限

==============================================================================================

9 rsync客户端连接慢问题
错误日志输出

2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors

2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] name lookup failed for 172.16.1.31: Name or service not known

2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] connect from UNKNOWN (172.16.1.31)

2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] rsync to backup/ from [email protected] (172.16.1.31)

2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] receiving file list

2017/03/08 20:14:43 [3422] sent 76 bytes received 83 bytes total size 349

正确日志输出

2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] params.c:Parameter() - Ignoring badly formed line in configuration file: ignore errors

2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] connect from nfs02 (172.16.1.31)

2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] rsync to backup/ from [email protected] (172.16.1.31)

2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] receiving file list

2017/03/08 20:16:45 [3443] sent 76 bytes received 83 bytes total size 349

异常问题解决：

查看日志进行分析

==============================================================================================

10 rsync服务没有正确启动Connection refused (111)
[[email protected] ~]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

rsync: failed to connect to 172.16.1.41: Connection refused (111)

rsync error: error in socket IO (code 10) at clientserver.c(124) [sender=3.0.6]

解决 rsync服务没开启

[[email protected] ~]# rsync --daemon

[[email protected] ~]# ss -lntup |grep rsync

tcp LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::* users:(("rsync",1434,5))

tcp LISTEN 0 5 :873 :* users:(("rsync",1434,4))

[[email protected] ~]# rsync -avz /etc/hosts [email protected]::backup

Password:

sending incremental file list

hosts

sent 196 bytes received 27 bytes 49.56 bytes/sec

total size is 349 speedup is 1.57

==============================================================================================

11 port 22: Connection refused
环境：本地服务器集群内部传输利用远程ssh 报错

利用（telnet 172.16.1.31 22） 排查服务监听状态后采取的解决方法

[[email protected] ~]# rsync /etc/hosts 172.16.1.31:/tmp

ssh: connect to host 172.16.1.31 port 22: Connection refused

rsync: connection unexpectedly closed (0 bytes received so far) [sender]

rsync error: error in rsync protocol data stream (code 12) at io.c(600) [sender=3.0.6]

排错思路：

[[email protected] ~]# ping 172.16.1.31

PING 172.16.1.31 (172.16.1.31) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.628 ms

64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.393 ms

64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.06 ms

64 bytes from 172.16.1.31: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.745 ms

[[email protected] ~]# traceroute 172.16.1.31

traceroute to 172.16.1.31 (172.16.1.31), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets

1 nfs01 (172.16.1.31) 0.597 ms 0.189 ms 0.965 ms

/etc/init.d/iptables status

iptables: Firewall is not running.

[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 22

p 0 0 10.0.0.31:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1187/sshd

故障原因：无法连接

telnet 172.16.1.31 22

解决方法：

[[email protected]]# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#Port 22

#AddressFamily any

#ListenAddress 10.0.0.31 改为 0.0.0.0

#ListenAddress ::

总结：内网传输通过SSH pro 22 表明22端口链接不上

==============================================================================================

12 --passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd: unknown option 没有正确输入password文件名
报错：--passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd: unknown option

错误案例 本地rsync.password 文件要保持一致缺少字母都会报错

echo "123456">>/etc/rsync.passwd

[[email protected] ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.passwd

[[email protected] ~]# ll /etc/rsync.passwd

-rw------- 1 root root 7 Mar 9 13:47 /etc/rsync.passwd

[[email protected] ~]# rsync -az -P /root/ [email protected]::backup --passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd

rsync: --passwd-file=/etc/rsync.passwd: unknown option

rsync error: syntax or usage error (code 1) at main.c(1422) [client=3.0.6]

正确做法：

[[email protected] ~]# echo "123456">>/etc/rsync.password

[[email protected] ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.password

[[email protected] ~]# ll /etc/rsync.password

-rw------- 1 root root 7 Mar 9 13:49 /etc/rsync.password

rsync -az -P /server/files/secure-20161219 [email protected]::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

sending incremental file list

secure-20161219

51053780 100%   14.31MB/s    0:00:03 (xfer#1, to-check=0/1)

rsync: mkstemp ".secure-20161219.lcnuWA" (in backup) failed: Permission denied (13)

sent 2210982 bytes received 27 bytes 491335.33 bytes/sec

total size is 51053780 speedup is 23.09

rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1039) [sender=3.0.6]

[[email protected] ~]# ls /backup/

100.log cc.txt optimize-init_sys.sh

anaconda-ks.cfg

  1）可能是服务没有开启

  2）iptables SELinux

  3）本次遇见sshd传输受限 限制了传输的ip（安全）

==============================================================================================

Rsync服务端排错思路
m 查看rsync服务配置文件路径是否正确 /etc/rsyncd.conf

m 查看配置文件例的host allow，host deny，允许的ip网段是否是允许客户端访问的ip网段

m 查看配置文件中path参数里的路径是否存在，权限是否正确（正常应为配置文件中的UUID参数对应的属主和组）

m 查看rsync服务是否启动，端口是否存在 ps -ef netstat -lntup

m 查看iptables防火墙和SELinux是否开启允许rsync服务通过，也可以关闭

m 查看服务端rsync配置文件里的密码权限是否为600 密码文件格式是否正确，正确格式（用户名：密码）文件路径和配置文件里的secrect files 参数对应

m 如果是推送数据，要查看，配置rsyncd.conf 文件中用户是否对模块下目录有可读的权限

==============================================================================================

客户端排错思路
m 查看客户端rsync配置的密码文件是否为600的权限，密码文件格式是否正确，注意：仅需要有密码，并且和服务端的密码一致

m 用telnet链接rsync服务器ip地址873端口，查看服务是否启动（可测试服务端防火墙是否阻挡telnet10.0.0.100 873）

m 客户端执行命令是 rsync -avzP [email protected]::backup/test/test/ --password-file=/etc/rsync.password

m 此命令要记清楚尤其10.0.0.100::backup/test/处的双引号及随后的backup为模块名称

==============================================================================================