在centos7下从零搭建Nginx+uWSGI+Django

Posted shouwangrenjian

tags:

篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了在centos7下从零搭建Nginx+uWSGI+Django相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。

一、安装Python3
  在centos7中系统自带Python2.7,需要自己安装Python3
  1、安装依赖

sudo yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel libffi-devel gcc make 

  2、安装wget

sudo yum install wget

  3、获取python

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.3/Python-3.7.3.tar.xz

  4、解压、编译

tar -xf Python-3.7.3.tar.xz # 解压
./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3 # 配置安装目录
make # 编译
make install # 安装

5、添加软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

 

二、安装Django

sudo pip3 install django
sudo ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/django-admin /usr/bin/django-admin # 建立软连接

  由于pymysql无法在django2.2上使用,也不是完全没办法,但django推荐使用mysqlclient,参考https://docs.djangoproject.com/zh-hans/2.2/ref/databases/#mysql-notes

  安装mysqlclient

sudo yum install mysql-devel
sudo pip3 install mysqlclient

 

 

三、安装MySQL
  1、确认系统是否装有mysql

rpm -qa | grep mysql

  如果装有:

rpm -e mysql  // 普通删除模式
rpm -e --nodeps mysql  // 强力删除模式,如果使用上面命令删除时,提示有依赖的其它文件,则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除

  2、下载yum资源包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

  3、使用yum安装mysql

sudo rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm
sudo yum install mysql-community-server
chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql # 修改mysql权限
sudo mysqld --initialize # 初始化
systemctl start mysqld # 启动mysql服务
grep temporary password /var/log/mysqld.log # 查看临时密码
mysql -uroot -p # 使用临时密码登录

  4、修改密码
    由于默认安装有validate_password,因此密码要求:至少包含1个数字字符,1个小写字符,1个大写字符和1个特殊(非字母数字)字符,长度不小于8位;

ALTER USER ‘root’@localhost IDENTIFIED BY new_password;

    如果希望使用简单的密码,可以修改validate_password的策略,validate_password.policy,有LOW,MEDIUM,STRONG三种等级,默认为MEDIUM;
    参考:https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/validate-password.html

SET GLOBAL validate_password.policy=0; # 修改为LOW,但是要求长度不小于8位
SET GLOBAL validate_password.length=4; # 修改长度

 


四、安装uWSGI
  1、安装uWSGI

pip3 install uwsgi
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi # 建立软连接

  2、启动
    a、使用命令行启动
      1.进入项目目录
      2.

uwsgi --http 192.168.57.129:8000 --file mysite/wsgi.py --static-map=/static=static
--http 
--file
--processes 选项添加更多的进程
--threads 选项添加更多的线程
--master 一个master进程 (在Inc死掉的时候会生成它们),后面没有参数
--stats 127.0.0.1:9191 允许将uWSGI的内部统计数据作为JSON导出

    b、使用配置文件启动
      1.建立yourfile.ini文件

[uwsgi]
#http = 0.0.0.0:3031 # 当只使用uWSGI时,使用http,配合nginx,使用socket与nginx建立连接
chdir = /root/mysite/
module = mysite.wsgi:application
wsgi-file = myproject/wsgi.py
socket = /root/mysite/script/uwsgi.sock
pidfile = /root/mysite/script/uwsgi.pid
uid = root
gid = root
master = true
processes = 4
threads = 2
stats = 127.0.0.1:9191
static-map=/static=static

      2.启动

uwsgi --ini youfile.ini

 

 

五、安装nginx
  参考官方文档:https://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html#RHEL-CentOS
  1、Install the prerequisites:

sudo yum install yum-utils

  2、To set up the yum repository, create the file named /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo with the following contents:

[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
[nginx-mainline]
name=nginx mainline repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

  -3、不是必须,如果不装标准版的nginx才需要注意。By default, the repository for stable nginx packages is used. If you would like to use mainline nginx packages, run the following command:

sudo yum-config-manager --enable nginx-mainline

  4、To install nginx, run the following command:

sudo yum install nginx  # When prompted to accept the GPG key, verify that the fingerprint matches 573B FD6B 3D8F BC64 1079 A6AB ABF5 BD82 7BD9 BF62, and if so, accept it.

  5、配置,在/etc/nginx/conf.d/建立配置文件my.conf,这只是一个简单配置

server {
  listen 80;
  server_name 192.168.57.129;
  charset utf-8;
  #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
  location / {
    include uwsgi_params;
    uwsgi_pass unix:/root/mysite/script/uwsgi.sock;
    uwsgi_connect_timeout 30;
  }
  #静态文件,nginx自己处理,不去uWSGI请求
  location /static/ {
    alias /root/mysite/static/;
    index index.html index.htm;
  }
  error_page 404 /404.html;
  error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
}

  6、注意/etc/nginx/nginx.conf中的user,默认为nginx,需要改为主机用户
  7、启动nginx

sudo nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # 启动
sudo nginx -s quit 或者 sudo nginx -s stop # 停止

 

  如果uwsgi_params文件缺失,自己添加,注意路径要与配置文件中对应,默认应该在nginx目录下有uwsgi_params文件。

uwsgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
uwsgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
uwsgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
uwsgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

uwsgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
uwsgi_param PATH_INFO $document_uri;
uwsgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
uwsgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;
uwsgi_param REQUEST_SCHEME $scheme;
uwsgi_param HTTPS $https if_not_empty;

uwsgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
uwsgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
uwsgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
uwsgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

 

以上是关于在centos7下从零搭建Nginx+uWSGI+Django的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

Centos7下搭建Django+uWSGI+nginx基于python3

CentOS7 + Python3 + Django(rest_framework) + MySQL + nginx + uwsgi 部署 API 开发环境, 记坑篇

centos+python2+flask+nginx+uwsgi环境搭建

centos+python2+flask+nginx+uwsgi环境搭建

IDEA下从零开始搭建SpringBoot工程

阿里云 centos7 django + uWSGI+Nginx + python3 部署攻略