Java后台获取Cookie

Posted 2021-12-02 mxh-java

Cookie概念：Cookie服务器发送给浏览器的一小段文本信息

Java后台获取Cookie正常操作：

Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
if(cookies != null && cookies.length > 0){
     for (Cookie cookie : cookies){
         return cookie.getName() + " " + cookie.getValue();
     }
 }       

但是，只能获取自己域里的cookie，即localhost域下的Cookie，无法获取其他域里的Cookie。

获取其他域里的Cookie：

1.通过浏览器开发者模式查看相应域里的Cookie，通过Cookie获取值；

2.通过HttpClient向服务器发送登录请求，获取相应结果里的Set-Cookie,下次向服务器发送请求时带上Cookie；

3.通过WebMagic框架selenium模拟浏览器实现登陆

方法二案例：

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * @auther mxh
 * @time 2019/5/20 13:48
 */
public class ZhiHuTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws java.text.ParseException {
        String name = "******@qq.com"; //
        String password = "******"; //

        // 全局请求设置
        RequestConfig globalConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.STANDARD).build();
        // 创建cookie store的本地实例
        CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
        // 创建HttpClient上下文
        HttpClientContext context = HttpClientContext.create();
        context.setCookieStore(cookieStore);

        // 创建一个HttpClient
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(globalConfig)
                .setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();

        CloseableHttpResponse res = null;

        // 创建本地的HTTP内容
        try {
            try {
                // 创建一个get请求用来获取必要的Cookie，如_xsrf信息
                HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.zhihu.com/");

                res = httpClient.execute(get, context);
                // 获取常用Cookie,包括_xsrf信息
                System.out.println("访问知乎首页后的获取的常规Cookie:===============");
                for (Cookie c : cookieStore.getCookies()) {
                    System.out.println(c.getName() + ": " + c.getValue());
                }
                res.close();

                // 构造post数据
                List<NameValuePair> valuePairs = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>();
                valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("email", name));
                valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));
                valuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("remember_me", "true"));
                UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(valuePairs, Consts.UTF_8);
                entity.setContentType("application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

                // 创建一个post请求
                HttpPost post = new HttpPost("https://www.zhihu.com/login/email");
                // 注入post数据
                post.setEntity(entity);
                res = httpClient.execute(post, context);

                // 打印响应信息，查看是否登陆是否成功
                System.out.println("打印响应信息===========");
                System.out.println(res.toString());
                res.close();

                System.out.println("登陆成功后,新的Cookie:===============");
                for (Cookie c : context.getCookieStore().getCookies()) {
                    System.out.println(c.getName() + ": " + c.getValue());
                }

                // 构造一个新的get请求，用来测试登录是否成功
                HttpGet newGet = new HttpGet("https://www.zhihu.com/question/293207596/answer/684673400");
                res = httpClient.execute(newGet, context);
                String content = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity());
                System.out.println("登陆成功后访问的页面===============");
                System.out.println(content);
                res.close();

            } finally {
                httpClient.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

上述代码，只要网站登陆登录过程不是太繁琐，如需要验证则不太实用

方案三实现代码：

// 自动登陆方法
    public void login() {
        //注册chrome
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\chromedriver.exe");
        WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("http://login.jiayuan.com/?refrer=http://www.jiayuan.com&host=0");// 打开网址
        // 防止页面未能及时加载出来而设置一段时间延迟
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 设置用户名密码
        driver.findElement(By.id("login_email")).sendKeys("15735400536"); // 用户名
        driver.findElement(By.id("login_password")).sendKeys("mxh970923"); // 密码
        // 模拟点击   //form[@id=‘form-group-login‘]/button
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"login_btn\"]"))
                .click(); // xpath语言：id为form-group-login的form下的button

        // 防止页面未能及时加载出来而设置一段时间延迟
        try {
            Thread.sleep(15000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 获取cookie信息
        cookies = driver.manage().getCookies();

        driver.close();
    }