lamp

Posted liuzhenchao

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1. lamp简介

所谓lamp,其实就是由Linux+Apache+mysql/MariaDB+php/Perl/Python的一组动态网站或者服务器的开源软件,除Linux外其它各部件本身都是各自独立的程序,但是因为经常被放在一起使用,拥有了越来越高的兼容度,共同组成了一个强大的Web应用程序平台。

LAMP指的是Linux(操作系统)、Apache(HTTP服务器)、MySQL(也指MariaDB,数据库软件)和PHP(有时也是指Perl或Python)的第一个字母,一般用来建立web应用平台。

2. web服务器工作流程

web服务器的资源分为两种,静态资源和动态资源

  • 静态资源就是指静态内容,客户端从服务器获得的资源的表现形式与原文件相同。可以简单的理解为就是直接存储于文件系统中的资源
  • 动态资源则通常是程序文件,需要在服务器执行之后,将执行的结果返回给客户端

那么web服务器如何执行程序并将结果返回给客户端呢?下面通过一张图来说明一下web服务器如何处理客户端的请求

技术图片

如上图所示

阶段①显示的是httpd服务器(即apache)和php服务器通过FastCGI协议进行通信,且php作为独立的服务进程运行

阶段②显示的是php程序和mysql数据库间通过mysql协议进行通信。php与mysql本没有什么联系,但是由Php语言写成的程序可以与mysql进行数据交互。同理perl和python写的程序也可以与mysql数据库进行交互

2.1 cgi与fastcgi

上图阶段①中提到了FastCGI,下面我们来了解下CGI与FastCGI。

CGI(Common Gateway Interface,通用网关接口),CGI是外部应用程序(CGI程序)与WEB服务器之间的接口标准,是在CGI程序和Web服务器之间传递信息的过程。CGI规范允许Web服务器执行外部程序,并将它们的输出发送给Web浏览器,CGI将web的一组简单的静态超媒体文档变成一个完整的新的交互式媒体。

FastCGI(Fast Common Gateway Interface)是CGI的改良版,CGI是通过启用一个解释器进程来处理每个请求,耗时且耗资源,而FastCGI则是通过master-worker形式来处理每个请求,即启动一个master主进程,然后根据配置启动几个worker进程,当请求进来时,master会从worker进程中选择一个去处理请求,这样就避免了重复的生成和杀死进程带来的频繁cpu上下文切换而导致耗时

2.2 httpd与php结合的方式

httpd与php结合的方式有以下三种:

  • modules:php将以httpd的扩展模块形式存在,需要加载动态资源时,httpd可以直接通过php模块来加工资源并返回给客户端
  • CGI:httpd需要加载动态资源时,通过CGI与php解释器联系,获得php执行的结果,此时httpd负责与php连接的建立和断开等
  • FastCGI:利用php-fpm机制,启动为服务进程,php自行运行为一个服务,https通过socket与php通信

较于CGI方式,FastCGI更为常用,很少有人使用CGI方式来加载动态资源

2.3 web工作流程

通过上面的图说明一下web的工作流程:

  • 客户端通过http协议请求web服务器资源
  • web服务器收到请求后判断客户端请求的资源是静态资源或是动态资源
    • 若是静态资源则直接从本地文件系统取之返回给客户端。
    • 否则若为动态资源则通过FastCGI协议与php服务器联系,通过CGI程序的master进程调度worker进程来执行程序以获得客户端请求的动态资源,并将执行的结果通过FastCGI协议返回给httpd服务器,httpd服务器收到php的执行结果后将其封装为http响应报文响应给客户端。在执行程序获取动态资源时若需要获得数据库中的资源时,由Php服务器通过mysql协议与MySQL/MariaDB服务器交互,取之而后返回给httpd,httpd将从php服务器收到的执行结果封装成http响应报文响应给客户端。

3. lamp平台构建

环境说明:

系统平台IP需要安装的服务
centos7
redhat7
192.168.56.22 httpd-2.4
mysql-5.7
php
php-mysql

lamp平台软件安装次序:

httpd --> mysql --> php

注意:php要求httpd使用prefork MPM

3.1 安装httpd

//安装开发工具包
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# yum grouplist
已加载插件:product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
可用的环境分组:
   最小安装
   基础设施服务器
   计算节点
   文件及打印服务器
   基本网页服务器
   虚拟化主机
   带 GUI 的服务器
   GNOME 桌面
   KDE Plasma Workspaces
   开发及生成工作站
可用组:
   传统 UNIX 兼容性
   兼容性程序库
   图形管理工具
   安全性工具
   开发工具
   控制台互联网工具
   智能卡支持
   科学记数法支持
   系统管理
   系统管理工具
完成
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# yum groups mark install ‘开发工具‘
已加载插件:product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Marked install: 开发工具

//创建apache服务的用户和组
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# groupadd -r apache
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g apache apache

//安装解压工具
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# yum -y install bzip2 bzip2-devel

//安装依赖包
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool
已加载插件:product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
正在解决依赖关系
......
......
作为依赖被升级:
  e2fsprogs.x86_64 0:1.42.9-13.el7           e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 0:1.42.9-13.el7           glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-260.el7_6.5                 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-260.el7_6.5        
  krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.15.1-37.el7_6         libcom_err.x86_64 0:1.42.9-13.el7               libgcc.x86_64 0:4.8.5-36.el7_6.2                libgomp.x86_64 0:4.8.5-36.el7_6.2             
  libselinux.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7           libselinux-python.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7         libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.5-14.1.el7          libsepol.x86_64 0:2.5-10.el7                  
  libss.x86_64 0:1.42.9-13.el7               openssl.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1              openssl-libs.x86_64 1:1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1         zlib.x86_64 0:1.2.7-18.el7                    

完毕!

//下载和安装apr以及apr-util
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# cd /usr/src
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
--2019-05-13 22:48:40--  http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
正在解析主机 mirror.bit.edu.cn (mirror.bit.edu.cn)... 219.143.204.117, 202.204.80.77, 2001:da8:204:2001:250:56ff:fea1:22
正在连接 mirror.bit.edu.cn (mirror.bit.edu.cn)|219.143.204.117|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置:http://64.123.28.134/files/905700000068C2C3/mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 [跟随至新的 URL]
--2019-05-13 22:48:40--  http://64.123.28.134/files/905700000068C2C3/mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2
正在连接 64.123.28.134:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:855393 (835K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2”

100%[=================================================================================================================================================>] 855,393     3.86MB/s 用时 0.2s   

2019-05-13 22:48:41 (3.86 MB/s) - 已保存 “apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2” [855393/855393])

--2019-05-13 22:48:41--  http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
正在连接 mirror.bit.edu.cn (mirror.bit.edu.cn)|219.143.204.117|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 302 Found
位置:http://64.123.28.135/files/319000000044E45E/mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 [跟随至新的 URL]
--2019-05-13 22:48:44--  http://64.123.28.135/files/319000000044E45E/mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
正在连接 64.123.28.135:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:428595 (419K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2”

100%[=================================================================================================================================================>] 428,595     2.66MB/s 用时 0.2s   

2019-05-13 22:48:44 (2.66 MB/s) - 已保存 “apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2” [428595/428595])

FINISHED --2019-05-13 22:48:44--
Total wall clock time: 4.1s
Downloaded: 2 files, 1.2M in 0.4s (3.36 MB/s)
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# ls
apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  debug  kernels

[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# tar -xf apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2 
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# tar -xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2 
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# ls
apr-1.6.5  apr-1.6.5.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  debug  kernels

[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# cd apr-1.6.5
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao apr-1.6.5]# vim configure
    cfgfile="${ofile}T"
    trap "$RM \\"$cfgfile\\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
    # $RM "$cfgfile"        //将此行加上注释,或者删除此行

[[email protected]22liuzhenchao apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
配置过程略...
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao apr-1.6.5]# make && make install
编译安装过程略...

[[email protected]22liuzhenchao apr-1.6.5]# cd ../apr-util-1.6.1
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
配置过程略...
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
编译安装过程略...

//编译安装httpd
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2
--2019-05-13 23:01:46--  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2
正在解析主机 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)... 101.6.8.193, 2402:f000:1:408:8100::1
正在连接 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn (mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn)|101.6.8.193|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:7030539 (6.7M) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2”

100%[=================================================================================================================================================>] 7,030,539   2.94MB/s 用时 2.3s   

2019-05-13 23:01:49 (2.94 MB/s) - 已保存 “httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2” [7030539/7030539])

[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# tar -xf httpd-2.4.39.tar.bz2 
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# cd httpd-2.4.39
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao httpd-2.4.39]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache > --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 > --enable-so > --enable-ssl > --enable-cgi > --enable-rewrite > --with-zlib > --with-pcre > --with-apr=/usr/local/apr > --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ > --enable-modules=most > --enable-mpms-shared=all > --with-mpm=prefork

[[email protected]22liuzhenchao httpd-2.4.39]# make && make install
编译安装过程略...

//安装后配置
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao profile.d]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao profile.d]# . //etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# echo ‘MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man‘ >> /etc/man.config

//取消ServerName前面的注释
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# sed -i ‘/#ServerName/s/#//g‘ /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

//启动apache
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# apachectl start
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                Local Address:Port                                                               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                                               *:22                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                       127.0.0.1:25                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::80                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::22                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                             ::1:25                                                                           :::*

3.2 安装mysql

//安装依赖包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
已加载插件:product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
软件包 1:openssl-devel-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
软件包 1:openssl-1.0.2k-16.el7_6.1.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
正在解决依赖关系

================================================================================================
Install  3 Packages (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 8.8 M
.....
作为依赖被升级:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5                                                                         
完毕!

//创建用户和组
[[email protected] ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[[email protected] ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql

//下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src
[[email protected] src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
过程略......

//解压软件至/usr/local/
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# ls /usr/local
apache  apr  apr-util  bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  sbin  share  src
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao src]# cd /usr/local/
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/"

//修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root  root  152 5月  13 23:07 apache
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root  root   58 5月  13 22:57 apr
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root  root   43 5月  13 22:59 apr-util
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 etc
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 games
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 include
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 mysql mysql  36 5月  13 23:30 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x.  9 mysql mysql 129 5月  13 23:28 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root  root   49 5月  13 17:09 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root    6 12月 15 2017 src

//添加环境变量
[[email protected] local]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

//建立数据存放目录
[[email protected] local]# mkdir /opt/data
[[email protected] local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data
[[email protected] local]# ll /opt/data -d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 5月  13 23:35 /opt/data

//初始化数据库
[[email protected] local]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data
2019-05-13T15:37:29.582505Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-05-13T15:37:29.780366Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-05-13T15:37:29.831830Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-05-13T15:37:29.923965Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 04993e66-7595-11e9-9683-000c29670698.
2019-05-13T15:37:29.924593Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.
2019-05-13T15:37:29.925241Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: Tjhhwdesj5&f
//请注意,这个命令的最后会生成一个临时密码,此处密码是Tjhhwdesj5&f

//配置mysql
[[email protected] local]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
"/usr/local/include/mysql" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# echo ‘/usr/local/mysql/lib‘ > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# ldconfig -v
ldconfig: 无法对 /libx32 进行 stat 操作: 没有那个文件或目录
ldconfig: 多次给出路径“/usr/lib”
ldconfig: 多次给出路径“/usr/lib64”
ldconfig: 无法对 /usr/libx32 进行 stat 操作: 没有那个文件或目录
/usr/lib64/mysql:
	libmysqlclient.so.18 -> libmysqlclient_r.so
/usr/local/mysql/lib:
	libmysqlclient.so.20 -> libmysqlclient.so.20.3.9
/lib:
/lib64:
	libarchive.so.13 -> libarchive.so.13.1.2
	libmpfr.so.4 -> libmpfr.so.4.1.1
	libDeployPkg.so.0 -> libDeployPkg.so.0.0.0
	libisccfg-export.so.90 -> libisccfg-export.so.90.0.7
	libisc-export.so.95 -> libisc-export.so.95.2.1
......
......
/lib/sse2: (hwcap: 0x0000000004000000)
/lib64/sse2: (hwcap: 0x0000000004000000)
/lib64/tls: (hwcap: 0x8000000000000000)
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao local]# ldconfig -p |grep mysql
	libmysqlclient.so.20 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20
	libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18
	libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
	libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so

//生成配置文件
[[email protected] local]# cat >/etc/my.cnf<<EOF
> [mysqld]
> basedir=/usr/local/mysql
> datadir=/opt/data
> socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
> port=3306
> pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
> user=mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF

//配置服务启动脚本
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# sed -ri ‘s#^(basedir=).*#\\1/usr/local/mysql#g‘ /etc/init.d/mysqld
[[email protected]22liuzhenchao ~]# sed -ri ‘s#^(datadir=).*#\\1/opt/data#g‘ /etc/init.d/mysqld

//启动mysql
[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/opt/data/22liuzhenchao.err‘.
 SUCCESS!   
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                Local Address:Port                                                               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                                               *:22                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                       127.0.0.1:25                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      80                                                               :::3306                                                                         :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::80                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::22                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                             ::1:25                                                                           :::*   

 
//修改密码
//使用临时密码登录
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p‘Tjhhwdesj5&f‘ -e ‘set password = password("liuzhenchao123!");‘ --connect-expired-password
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

3.3 安装php

//配置yum源
[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
--2019-05-13 23:56:41--  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 59.111.0.251
正在连接 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|59.111.0.251|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求,正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度:1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “CentOS7-Base-163.repo”

100%[=================================================================================================================================================>] 1,572       --.-K/s 用时 0s      

2019-05-13 23:56:42 (57.2 MB/s) - 已保存 “CentOS7-Base-163.repo” [1572/1572])

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/\\$releasever/7/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#  sed -i ‘s/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g‘ /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
安装过程略....


//安装依赖包
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#  yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libicu-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel openldap-devel  libpcre-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel php72w-mysqlnd
安装过程略....


//下载php
[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/src
[[email protected] src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz
下载过程略....


//编译安装php
[[email protected] src]# tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz 
[[email protected] src]# cd php-7.2.8
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7  --with-config-file-path=/etc --enable-fpm --enable-inline-optimization --disable-debug --disable-rpath --enable-shared --enable-soap --with-openssl --enable-bcmath --with-iconv --with-bz2 --enable-calendar --with-curl --enable-exif  --enable-ftp --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-gettext --enable-json --enable-mbstring --enable-pdo --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-readline --enable-shmop --enable-simplexml --enable-sockets --enable-zip --enable-mysqlnd-compression-support --with-pear --enable-pcntl --enable-posix
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l)
编译过程略....
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# make install
安装过程略....


//安装后配置
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH‘ > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: May 14 2019 00:18:14) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies


//配置php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
cp:是否覆盖"/etc/php.ini"? yes
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]#  cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

//编辑php-fpm的配置文件(/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf):
//配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值:
[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# vim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
.....
.....
pm.max_children = 50    //最多同时提供50个进程提供50个并发服务
pm.start_servers = 5    //启动时启动5个进程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2    //最小空闲进程数
pm.max_spare_servers = 8    //最大空闲进程数

[[email protected] php-7.2.8]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it‘s been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50  
pm.start_servers = 5 
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 
pm.max_spare_servers = 8


//启动php-fpm
[[email protected] ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done

//默认情况下,fpm监听在127.0.0.1的9000端口,也可以使用如下命令验证其是否已经监听在相应的套接字
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                Local Address:Port                                                               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                                       127.0.0.1:9000                                                                          *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                               *:22                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                       127.0.0.1:25                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      80                                                               :::3306                                                                         :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::80                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::22                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                             ::1:25                                                                           :::*

3.4 配置apache

3.4.1 启用代理模块

在apache httpd 2.4以后已经专门有一个模块针对FastCGI的实现,此模块为mod_proxy_fcgi.so,它其实是作为mod_proxy.so模块的扩展,因此,这两个模块都要加载,编辑httpd.conf文件,取消以下两行内容的注释:

  • LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
  • LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

 

//启用httpd的相关模块
[root@22liuzhenchao ~]# sed -i ‘/proxy_module/s/#//g‘ /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
[root@22liuzhenchao ~]# sed -i ‘/proxy_fcgi_module/s/#//g‘ /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

3.4.2 配置虚拟主机

在需要使用fcgi的虚拟主机中添加类似如下两行:

ProxyRequests Off       //关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1

例如:

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/idfsoft.com/$1

以上设置表示把以.php结尾的文件请求发送到php-fpm进程,php-fpm至少需要知道运行的目录和URI,所以这里直接在fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000后指明了这两个参数,其它参数的传递已经被mod_proxy_fcgi.so进行了封装,不需要手动指定。

注意:

这里写的/var/www/html/是yum源安装方式生成的网页存放目录,这里必须改成你编译安装指定的网页存放路径,禁止直接复制我这里的路径 这里的idfsoft.com是域名,你必须改成你所使用的域名,禁止直接复制此处的域名 这里的$1表示匹配所有以.php结尾的http请求

 

//创建虚拟主机目录并生成php测试页面
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/liuzhenchao.com
[[email protected] ~]# cat > /usr/local/apache/htdocs/liuzhenchao.com/index.php <<EOF
<?php
   phpinfo();
?>
EOF
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[[email protected] ~]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 47 5月  14 00:34 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 
//在配置文件的最后加入以下内容
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/liuzhenchao.com"
    ServerName www.liuzhenchao.com
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/liuzhenchao.com/$1
    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/liuzhenchao.com">
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>
 
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf 
//搜索AddType,添加以下内容
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php        //添加此行
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps        //添加此行
    
[[email protected] ~]#  sed -i ‘/    DirectoryIndex/s/index.html/index.php index.html/g‘ /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf


//重启apache服务
[[email protected] ~]# apachectl stop
[[email protected] ~]# apachectl start
[[email protected] ~]# ss -antl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                                Local Address:Port                                                               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128                                                       127.0.0.1:9000                                                                          *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                               *:22                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                       127.0.0.1:25                                                                            *:*                  
LISTEN      0      80                                                               :::3306                                                                         :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::80                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      128                                                              :::22                                                                           :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100                                                             ::1:25                                                                           :::*

3.5 验证

1.修改本地hosts文件,添加域名与IP的映射

windows验证,将C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc下hosts文件拖出至桌面修改

 

 

技术图片

 

技术图片

2.在浏览器上使用域名访问,若看到以下界面则表示lamp架构搭建成功,否则请检查你的操作

 

技术图片

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