ansible部署 应用 模块

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1 案例1：环境准备

1.1 问题

本案例要求准备ansible的基础环境：

  • 启动6台虚拟机
  • 禁用selinux和firewalld
  • 编辑/etc/hosts
  • 配置yum扩展源并在管理节点安装ansible

1.2 方案

此方案需要准备六台主机，1台管理主机，5台托管主机，以实现批量程序部署，批量运行命令等功能，具体要求如表-1所示：

表-1

技术图片

1.3 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：基础环境准备

1）启动6台虚拟机，由于已经讲过怎么创建，这里不再在案例里体现

2）真机配置yum仓库

  1. [[email protected] ~]# tar -xf ansible_soft.tar.xz
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cd ansible_soft/
  3. [[email protected] ansible_soft]# mkdir /var/ftp/ansible
  4. [[email protected] ansible_soft]# cp * /var/ftp/ansible
  5. [[email protected] ansible_soft]# createrepo /var/ftp/ansible
  6. Spawning worker 0 with 1 pkgs
  7. Spawning worker 1 with 1 pkgs
  8. Spawning worker 2 with 1 pkgs
  9. Spawning worker 3 with 1 pkgs
  10. Spawning worker 4 with 1 pkgs
  11. Spawning worker 5 with 1 pkgs
  12. Workers Finished
  13. Saving Primary metadata
  14. Saving file lists metadata
  15. Saving other metadata
  16. Generating sqlite DBs
  17. Sqlite DBs complete

3）修改主机名（容易区分，6台机器都需要修改）这里以ansible主机为例子

  1. [[email protected] ~]# echo ansible > /etc/hostname
  2. [[email protected] ~]# hostname ansible

4）配置ip（6台机器都需要配置），这里以ansible主机为例子

  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
  2. # Generated by dracut initrd
  3. DEVICE="eth0"
  4. ONBOOT="yes"
  5. IPV6INIT="no"
  6. IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
  7. NM_CONTROLLED="no"
  8. TYPE="Ethernet"
  9. BOOTPROTO="static"
  10. IPADDR=192.168.1.51
  11. PREFIX=24
  12. GATEWAY=192.168.1.254
  13. [[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart network
  14. [[email protected] ~]# ifconfig
  15. eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
  16. inet 192.168.1.51 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
  17. ether 52:54:00:b2:69:9e txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
  18. RX packets 234 bytes 16379 (15.9 KiB)
  19. RX errors 0 dropped 36 overruns 0 frame 0
  20. TX packets 31 bytes 2618 (2.5 KiB)
  21. TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

5）配置yum客户端，在管理节点ansible上面配置

  1. [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
  2. [local_repo]
  3. name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
  4. baseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/system"
  5. enabled=1
  6. gpgcheck=1
  8. [local]
  9. name=local
  10. baseurl="ftp://192.168.1.254/ansible"
  11. enabled=1
  12. gpgcheck=0
  13. [[email protected] ~]# yum clean all
  14. [[email protected] ~]# yum repolist
  15. [[email protected] ~]# yum -y install ansible
  16. [[email protected] ~]# ansible --version
  17. ansible 2.4.2.0        //显示版本说明安装成功
  18. config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  19. configured module search path = [u‘/root/.ansible/plugins/modules‘, u‘/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules‘]
  20. ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
  21. executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  22. python version = 2.7.5 (default, Aug 4 2017, 00:39:18) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)]

6）请在6台主机上面配置/etc/hosts，这里以ansible主机为例子

  1. [[email protected] ansible]# cat /etc/hosts
  2. 192.168.1.51 ansible
  3. 192.168.1.52 web1
  4. 192.168.1.53 web2
  5. 192.168.1.54 db1
  6. 192.168.1.55 db2
  7. 192.168.1.56 cache

2 案例2：主机定义与分组：

2.1 问题

本案例要求：

  • 熟悉ansible配置文件
  • 定义主机，分组和子组练习
  • 自定义文件，多配置路径练习

2.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：ansible.cfg配置文件

  1. [[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/ansible/
  2. [[email protected] ansible]# ls
  3. ansible.cfg hosts roles
  4. [[email protected] ansible]# vim ansible.cfg
  5. #inventory = /etc/ansible/hosts     //指定分组文件路径，主机的分组文件hosts
  6. [selinux]        //组名称，selinux的相关选项在这个下面配置
  7. ...
  8. [colors]        //组名称，colors的相关选项在这个下面配置
  9. ...

步骤二：定义主机，分组和子组练习

1）静态主机的定义

  1. [[email protected] ansible]# vim hosts
  2. [web]
  3. web1
  4. web2
  6. [db]
  7. db[1:2]                     //1:2为db1到db2两台主机，1:20为db1到db20多台主机
  9. [other]
  10. cache
  12. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible web --list-host //显示web组的主机
  13. hosts (2):
  14. web1
  15. web2
  16. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible db --list-host        
  17. hosts (2):
  18. db1
  19. db2
  20. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible other --list-host
  21. hosts (1):
  22. cache
  23. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible all --list-host //显示所有组的主机
  24. hosts (5):
  25. web1
  26. web2
  27. cache
  28. db1
  29. db2

2）直接测试

  1. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible cache -m ping        
  2. //测试是否可以连接，若失败颜色为红色
  3. cache | UNREACHABLE! => {
  4. "changed": false,
  5. "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: ssh: Could not resolve hostname cache: Name or service not known\r\n",
  6. "unreachable": true
  7. }

3）修改后测试

  1. [[email protected] ansible]# vi hosts
  2. [other]
  3. cache ansible_ssh_user="root" ansible_ssh_pass="a"
  5. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible other -m ping //测试成功，颜色为绿色
  6. cache | SUCCESS => {
  7. "changed": false,
  8. "ping": "pong"
  9. }

4）不检测主机的sshkey，在第一次连接的时候不用输入yes

  1. [[email protected] ansible]# vim ansible.cfg
  2. 61 host_key_checking = False
  3. [[email protected] ansible]# vim hosts
  4. [web]
  5. web1
  6. web2
  8. [web:vars] //web组:变量(vars不改)，web组的多台机器共用一个用户名和密码
  9. ansible_ssh_user="root"
  10. ansible_ssh_pass="a"
  11. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible web -m ping
  12. web2 | SUCCESS => {
  13. "changed": false,
  14. "ping": "pong"
  15. }
  16. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  17. "changed": false,
  18. "ping": "pong"
  19. }

步骤三：定义子组

  1. [[email protected] ansible]# vi hosts
  2. [app:children] //指定子分组(app可改:children不改)，web，db是提前分好的组
  3. web
  4. db
  6. [app:vars]
  7. ansible_ssh_user="root"
  8. ansible_ssh_pass="a"
  9. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible app --list-host        //查看
  10. hosts (4):
  11. web1
  12. web2
  13. db1
  14. db2
  15. [[email protected] ansible]# ansible app -m ping        //测试
  16. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  17. "changed": false,
  18. "ping": "pong"
  19. }
  20. web2 | SUCCESS => {
  21. "changed": false,
  22. "ping": "pong"
  23. }
  24. db1 | SUCCESS => {
  25. "changed": false,
  26. "ping": "pong"
  27. }
  28. db2 | SUCCESS => {
  29. "changed": false,
  30. "ping": "pong"
  31. }

步骤四：多路径练习

自定义的ansible文件只在当前路径生效

1）多路径

  1. [[email protected] ~]# mkdir aaa
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cd aaa/
  3. [[email protected] aaa]# vim myhost
  4. [app1]
  5. web1
  6. db1
  8. [app2]
  9. web2
  10. db2
  12. [app:children]
  13. app1
  14. app2
  16. [other]
  17. cache
  19. [app:vars]
  20. ansible_ssh_user="root"
  21. ansible_ssh_pass="a"
  22. [[email protected] aaa]# touch ansible.cfg
  23. [[email protected] aaa]# grep -Ev "^#|^$" /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  24. [defaults]
  25. roles_path = /etc/ansible/roles:/usr/share/ansible/roles
  26. host_key_checking = False
  27. [inventory]
  28. [privilege_escalation]
  29. [paramiko_connection]
  30. [ssh_connection]
  31. [persistent_connection]
  32. [accelerate]
  33. [selinux]
  34. [colors]
  35. [diff]
  37. [[email protected] aaa]# vim ansible.cfg
  38. [defaults]
  39. inventory = myhost
  40. host_key_checking = False

2）测试结果

  1. [[email protected] aaa]# ansible app1 -m ping
  2. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  3. "changed": false,
  4. "ping": "pong"
  5. }
  6. db1 | SUCCESS => {
  7. "changed": false,
  8. "ping": "pong"
  9. }
  10. [[email protected] aaa]# ansible app -m ping
  11. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  12. "changed": false,
  13. "ping": "pong"
  14. }
  15. db1 | SUCCESS => {
  16. "changed": false,
  17. "ping": "pong"
  18. }
  19. db2 | SUCCESS => {
  20. "changed": false,
  21. "ping": "pong"
  22. }
  23. web2 | SUCCESS => {
  24. "changed": false,
  25. "ping": "pong"
  26. }
  27. [[email protected] aaa]# ansible app --list-host
  28. hosts (4):
  29. web1
  30. db1
  31. web2
  32. db2
  33. [[email protected] aaa]# cd
  34. [[email protected] ~]# ansible app1 --list-host //切换到别的目录，测试失败
  35. [WARNING]: Could not match supplied host pattern, ignoring: app1
  37. [WARNING]: No hosts matched, nothing to do
  39. hosts (0):

3 案例3：动态主机

3.1 问题

本案例要求：

  • 脚本输出主机列表

3.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：脚本输出主机列表

  1. [[email protected] ~]# cd aaa
  2. [[email protected] aaa]# vim host.py
  3. #!/usr/bin/python
  4. import json
  5. hostlist = {}
  6. hostlist["bb"] = ["192.168.1.52", "192.168.1.53"]
  7. hostlist["192.168.1.54"] = {
  8. "ansible_ssh_user":"root","ansible_ssh_pass":"pwd"
  9. }
  10. hostlist["aa"] = {
  11. "hosts" : ["192.168.1.55", "192.168.1.56"],
  12. "vars" : {
  13. "ansible_ssh_user":"root","ansible_ssh_pass":"pwd"
  14. }
  15. }
  16. print(json.dumps(hostlist))
  17. [[email protected] aaa]# chmod 755 ./host.py

步骤二：脚本输出样例（这样写输出的结果有些乱）

  1. [[email protected] aaa]# ./host.py
  2. {"aa": {"hosts": ["192.168.1.55", "192.168.1.56"], "vars": {"ansible_ssh_user": "root", "ansible_ssh_pass": "a"}}, "192.168.1.54": {"ansible_ssh_user": "root", "ansible_ssh_pass": "a"}, "bb": ["192.168.1.52", "192.168.1.53"]}

步骤三：可以用shell脚本输出

  1. [[email protected] aaa]# vim my.sh
  2. #!/bin/bash
  3. echo ‘
  4. { "aa": {
  5. "hosts":
  6. ["192.168.1.55", "192.168.1.56"],
  7. "vars": {
  8. "ansible_ssh_user": "root",
  9. "ansible_ssh_pass": "a"}
  10. },
  11. }‘
  12. [[email protected] aaa]# chmod 755 my.sh
  13. [[email protected] aaa]# ./my.sh
  15. { "aa": {
  16.     "hosts":
  17.         ["192.168.1.55", "192.168.1.56"],
  18. "vars": {
  19.         "ansible_ssh_user": "root",
  20.         "ansible_ssh_pass": "a"}
  21. },
  22. }
  23. [[email protected] aaa]# vim ansible.cfg
  24. [defaults]
  25. inventory = my.sh
  26. host_key_checking = False
  27. [[email protected] aaa]# ansible aa -m ping
  28. 192.168.1.55 | SUCCESS => {
  29. "changed": false,
  30. "ping": "pong"
  31. }
  32. 192.168.1.56 | SUCCESS => {
  33. "changed": false,
  34. "ping": "pong"
  35. }

步骤二：批量执行

1）查看负载

  1. [[email protected] aaa]# ansible app -m command -a ‘uptime‘    
  2. db1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  3. 11:35:52 up 1:59, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.01
  5. web1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  6. 11:35:52 up 2:00, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.02
  8. db2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  9. 11:35:53 up 1:59, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.03
  11. web2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  12. 11:35:52 up 1:59, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.02

2）查看时间

  1. [[email protected] aaa]# ansible app -m command -a ‘date +%F\ %T‘
  2. db1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  3. 2018-09-06 11:42:18
  5. web1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  6. 2018-09-06 11:42:18
  8. web2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  9. 2018-09-06 11:42:18
  11. db2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  12. 2018-09-06 11:42:19

4 案例4：批量部署证书文件

4.1 问题

本案例要求：

  • 创建一对密钥
  • 给所有主机部署密钥

4.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：批量部署证书文件，给所有主机部署密钥

1）创建密钥

  1. [[email protected] aaa]# cd /root/.ssh/
  2. [[email protected] .ssh]# vi /etc/ansible/hosts
  3. [web]
  4. web1
  5. web2
  8. [db]
  9. db[1:2]
  11. [other]
  12. cache
  13. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible all -m ping //直接ping会报错
  14. [[email protected] .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048 -N ‘‘ //创建密钥

2）给所有主机部署密钥

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible all -m authorized_key -a "user=root exclusive=true manage_dir=true key=‘$(< /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub)‘" -k
  2. SSH password:        //输入密码
  3. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible all -m ping //成功
  4. web2 | SUCCESS => {
  5. "changed": false,
  6. "ping": "pong"
  7. }
  8. db2 | SUCCESS => {
  9. "changed": false,
  10. "ping": "pong"
  11. }
  12. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  13. "changed": false,
  14. "ping": "pong"
  15. }
  16. cache | SUCCESS => {
  17. "changed": false,
  18. "ping": "pong"
  19. }
  20. db1 | SUCCESS => {
  21. "changed": false,
  22. "ping": "pong"
  23. }
  24. [[email protected] .ssh]# ssh web1        //不需要输入密码,可以直接登陆
  25. Last login: Thu Sep 6 11:49:00 2018 from 192.168.1.51
  26. [[email protected] ~]#

5 案例5：练习模块

5.1 问题

本案例要求：

  • 练习使用command , shell , raw, script模块

5.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：练习模块

ansible-doc //模块的手册，相当于man

ansible-doc -l //列出所有模块

ansible-doc 模块名 //查看指定模块的帮助信息

1）ping模块

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m ping
  2. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  3. "changed": false,
  4. "ping": "pong"
  5. }

2）command模块

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m command -a ‘chdir=/tmp touch f1‘ //创建成功
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cd /tmp/
  3. [[email protected] tmp]# ls        //在web1上面查看
  4. f1

3）shell模块

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m shell -a ‘chdir=/tmp touch f2‘ //创建成功
  2. [[email protected] ~]# cd /tmp/
  3. [[email protected] tmp]# ls    //在web1上面查看
  4. f2

4）raw模块

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m raw -a ‘chdir=/tmp touch f3‘
  2. //文件可以创建，但无法切换目录，文件在用户家目录下生成
  3. web1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  4. Shared connection to web1 closed.
  5. [[email protected] tmp]# cd /root/
  6. [[email protected] ~]# ls        //在web1上面查看
  7. f3

5）script模块

对于太复杂的命令，可以写个脚本，然后用script模块执行

在web1主机上创建zhangsan3用户，修改zhangsan3的密码为123456，设置zhangsan3第一次登陆必须修改密码

用命令写：

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m shell -a ‘useradd zhangsan3‘
  2. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m shell -a ‘echo 123456 | passwd --stdin zhangsan3‘
  3. [[email protected] .ssh]# ssh -l zhangsan3 web1
  4. [email protected]‘s password: //输入zhangsan3的密码
  5. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m shell -a ‘chage -d 0 zhangsan3‘
  6. [[email protected] .ssh]# ssh -l zhangsan3 web1

用脚本写，script模块执行：

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# vim user.sh
  2. #!/bin/bash
  3. useradd zhangsan3
  4. echo 123456 | passwd --stdin zhangsan3
  5. chage -d 0 zhangsan3
  6. echo
  7. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible web1 -m script -a ‘./user.sh‘
  8. web1 | SUCCESS => {
  9. "changed": true,
  10. "rc": 0,
  11. "stderr": "Shared connection to web1 closed.\r\n",
  12. "stdout": "Changing password for user zhangsan3.\r\npasswd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.\r\n\r\n",
  13. "stdout_lines": [
  14. "Changing password for user zhangsan3.",
  15. "passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.",
  16. ""
  17. ]
  18. }
  19. [[email protected] .ssh]# ssh -l lisi web1
  20. [email protected]‘s password:
  21. You are required to change your password immediately (root enforced)
  22. Last login: Thu Sep 6 14:51:33 2018 from 192.168.1.51
  23. WARNING: Your password has expired.
  24. You must change your password now and login again!
  25. Changing password for user lisi.
  26. Changing password for lisi.
  27. (current) UNIX password:

6 案例6：模块练习

6.1 问题

本案例要求：

  • 使用copy模块同步数据
  • 使用lineinfile模块编辑文件
  • 使用replace模块修改文件

6.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：模块练习

1）使用copy模块同步数据

src：要复制到进程主机的文件在本地的地址,可以是绝对路径,也可以是相对路径。如果路径是一个目录,它将递归复制。在这种情况下,如果路径使用"/"来结尾,则只复制目录里的内容,如果没有使用"/"来结尾,则包含目录在内的整个内容全部复制,类似于rsync

dest：必选项。进程主机的绝对路径,如果源文件是一个目录,那么该路径也必须是个目录

backup：在覆盖之前将原文件备份,备份文件包含时间信息。有两个选项:yes|no

force：如果目标主机包含该文件,但内容不同,如果设置为yes,则强制覆盖,如果为no,则只有当目标主机的目标位置不存在该文件时,才复制。默认为yes

  1. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible all -m shell -a ‘cat /etc/resolv.conf‘
  2. //查看/etc/resolv.conf
  3. cache | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  4. ; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
  5. nameserver 192.168.1.254
  6. search localhost
  8. db2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  9. ; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
  10. nameserver 192.168.1.254
  11. search localhost
  13. web1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  14. ; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
  15. nameserver 192.168.1.254
  16. search localhost
  18. web2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  19. ; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
  20. nameserver 192.168.1.254
  21. search localhost
  23. db1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  24. ; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
  25. nameserver 192.168.1.254
  26. search localhost
  28. [[email protected] .ssh]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
  29. nameserver 172.40.1.10
  30. [[email protected] .ssh]# ansible all -m copy -a ‘src=/etc/resolv.conf dest=/etc/resolv.conf‘ //复制本机的resolv.conf到其他主机
  31. [[email protected]ansible .ssh]# ansible all -m shell -a ‘cat /etc/resolv.conf‘
  32. //查看有nameserver 172.40.1.10
  33. [[email protected] ~]# mkdir aa
  34. [[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m copy -a ‘src=/root/aa dest=/root/a.log‘
  35. //复制本机的目录/root/aa到其他机器的/root/a.log，复制目录只能少数批量执行同步
  36. [[email protected] ~]# ansible all -m shell -a ‘ls -ld /root‘
  37. db2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  38. dr-xr-x---. 4 root root 167 Sep 6 11:48 /root
  40. web2 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  41. dr-xr-x---. 4 root root 167 Sep 6 11:48 /root
  43. cache | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  44. dr-xr-x---. 4 root root 177 Sep 6 14:35 /root
  46. db1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  47. dr-xr-x---. 4 root root 167 Sep 6 11:48 /root
  49. web1 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
  50. dr-xr-x---. 4 root root 177 Sep 6 14:35 /root

2）使用lineinfile模块编辑文件

以行为基础，整行修改(整行被替换掉)

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m lineinfile \
  2. -a ‘path=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 \
  3. regexp="^ONBOOT=" line="ONBOOT=\"no\""‘
  5. cache | SUCCESS => {
  6. "backup": "",
  7. "changed": true,
  8. "msg": "line replaced"
  9. }

3）使用replace模块修改文件

修改文件的某一部分(替换一行中匹配的内容)，以正则表达式匹配为基础修改

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m replace -a \
  2. ‘path=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 \
  3. regexp="^(ONBOOT=).*" replace="\1\"yes\""‘
  5. cache | SUCCESS => {
  6. "changed": true,
  7. "msg": "1 replacements made"
  8. }

7 案例7：综合练习

7.1 问题

本案例要求：

  • 安装Apache并修改监听端口为8080
  • 修改ServerName配置，执行apachectl -t命令不报错
  • 设置默认主页hello world
  • 启动服务并设开机自启

7.2 步骤

实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

步骤一：熟悉模块

1）yum模块

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible other -m yum -a ‘name="lrzsz" state=removed‘
  2. //lrzsz软件包名，removed=absent删除
  3. [[email protected] ~]# ansible other -m yum -a ‘name="lrzsz,lftp" state=installed‘
  4. //安装多个软件包，不写state默认为安装

2)service模块

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible other -m service -a ‘name="sshd" enabled="yes" state="started"‘ //sshd服务名，开机启动同时启动这个服务

3）setup模块

filter 过滤指定的关键字（可以过滤到我们需要的信息）

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m setup -a ‘filter=os‘
  2. cache | SUCCESS => {
  3. "ansible_facts": {},
  4. "changed": false
  5. }
  6. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m setup -a ‘filter=ansible_distribution‘
  7. cache | SUCCESS => {
  8. "ansible_facts": {
  9. "ansible_distribution": "CentOS"
  10. },
  11. "changed": false
  12. }

步骤二：安装Apache

1）安装Apache服务设置开机自启

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m yum -a ‘name=httpd state=installed‘
  2. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m service -a ‘name=httpd enabled=yes state=started‘

2）修改端口号为8080

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ssh cache
  2. Last login: Thu Sep 6 15:30:33 2018 from 192.168.1.51
  3. [[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf | grep Listen
  4. Listen 80
  5. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m lineinfile -a ‘path="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" regexp="^Listen " line="Listen 8080"‘cache | SUCCESS => {
  6. "backup": "",
  7. "changed": true,
  8. "msg": "line replaced"
  9. }
  10. [[email protected] ~]# ssh cache
  11. Listen 8080

步骤三：修改ServerName配置，执行apachectl -t命令不报错

1）没有修改之前

  1. [[email protected] ~]# apachectl -t //有报错
  2. AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server‘s fully qualified domain name, using 192.168.1.56. Set the ‘ServerName‘ directive globally to suppress this message
  3. Syntax OK

2）修改之后

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m lineinfile -a ‘path="/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf" regexp="^ServerName " line="ServerName 0.0.0.0"‘
  2. cache | SUCCESS => {
  3. "backup": "",
  4. "changed": true,
  5. "msg": "line added"
  6. }
  7. [[email protected] ~]# ssh cache
  8. Last login: Thu Sep 6 15:36:08 2018 from 192.168.1.51
  9. [[email protected] ~]# apachectl -t
  10. Syntax OK

步骤四：设置默认主页为hello world

  1. [[email protected] ~]# ansible cache -m copy -a ‘src=/root/index.html dest=/var/www/html/index.html‘ ///root/index.html这个页面可以自己写
  2. cache | SUCCESS => {
  3. "changed": true,
  4. "checksum": "22596363b3de40b06f981fb85d82312e8c0ed511",
  5. "dest": "/var/www/html/index.html",
  6. "gid": 0,
  7. "group": "root",
  8. "md5sum": "6f5902ac237024bdd0c176cb93063dc4",
  9. "mode": "0644",
  10. "owner": "root",
  11. "size": 12,
  12. "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1536219767.29-30682157793478/source",
  13. "state": "file",
  14. "uid": 0
  15. }

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