OSPFV3综合实验 (第三组)
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拓扑图
本次试验规划:拓扑分4个区域,其中区域2采用帧中继实现区域内互通的前提下配置OSPF、ospfv3.R7与R8之间配置rip实现互通,区域1作为nssa区域,实现路由注入.最终实现全局互通。
ospf 配置
(1)ipv4地址规划
R1
|
F0/0 |
10.29.10.1/24 |
F0/1 |
10.29.20.1/24 |
|
R2 |
F0/0 |
10.29.10.2/24 |
F1/0 |
10.29.30.2/24 |
|
R3 |
S4/2 |
10.29.40.3/24 |
F0/0 |
10.29.10.3/24 |
|
R5 |
S4/0 |
10.29.40.2/24 |
R6 |
S4/1 |
10.29.40.1/24 |
R7 |
F1/0 |
10.29.30.1/24 |
F0/1 |
10.29.20.2/24 |
|
F0/0 |
10.29.50.2/24 |
|
R8 |
F0/0 |
10.29.50.1/24 |
R1 |
Looback0 |
10.29.1.1/24 |
R2 |
Looback0 |
10.29.2.1/24 |
R3 |
Looback0 |
10.29.3.1/24 |
R4 |
Looback0 |
10.29.4.1/24 |
R5 |
Looback0 |
10.29.5.1/24 |
R6 |
Looback0 |
10.29.6.1/24 |
R7 |
Looback0 |
10.29.7.1/24 |
R8 |
Looback0 |
10.29.8.1/24 |
(2) 配置步骤
1:配置路由器各端口地址以及个路由器的环回接口地址
2:区域二采用帧中继连接,R4作为帧中继交换机
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#frame-relay switching
R4(config)#interface serial 4/0
R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)#no arp frame-relay //关闭动态dicl
R4(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco //定义信令类型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce //定义设备类型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay route 201 interface Serial4/1 101 //配置帧中继路由表
R4(config-if)#frame-relay route 202 interface Serial4/2 402
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#interface serial 4/1
R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco //定义信令类型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce //定义设备类型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay route 101 interface Serial4/0 201 //配置帧中继路由表
R4(config-if)#frame-relay route 102 interface Serial4/2 401
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#interface serial 4/2
R4(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R4(config-if)# frame-relay lmi-type cisco //定义信令类型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay intf-type dce //定义设备类型
R4(config-if)# frame-relay route 401 interface Serial4/1 102 //配置帧中继路由表
R4(config-if)#frame-relay route 402 interface Serial4/2 202
R4(config-if)#exit
R5 R6配置静态dlci
R5#configure terminal
R5(config)interface Serial4/0
R5(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R5(config-if)#no arp frame-relay //关闭动态dicl
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.1 201 broadcast
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.3 202 broadcast
R5(config-if)#exit
R6#configure terminal
R6(config)#interface Serial4/1
R6(config-if)# encapsulation frame-relay
R6(config-if)#no arp frame-relay //关闭动态dicl
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.3 102 broadcast
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ip 10.29.40.2 101 broadcast
R6(config-if)#exit
测试连通性:
R5#ping 10.29.40.3
3:配置ospf
R2配置以R1为例:
R1#conf terminal
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)# router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#area 1 nssa //定义区域1为nssa区域
R1(config-router)#network 10.29.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 // 宣告直连网段
R1(config-router)# network 10.29.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)# network 10.29.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R1(config-router)#exit
4:区域2基于帧中继配置Ospf
R5参照R6配置
R6#configure terminal
R6(config)#router ospf 1
R6(config-router)#router-id 6.6.6.6
R6(config-router)# network 10.29.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
R6(config-router)#exit
R6(config)interface Serial4/1
R6(config-if)# ip ospf priority 0 //设置端口优先级为0,不参于选举。
R6(config-if)# exit
R3#conf terminal
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)# router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 10.29.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 //宣告直连网段
R3(config-router)#network 10.29.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R3(config-router)#network 10.29.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
R3(config-router)#neighbor 10.29.40.2 //手动配置R5,R6为邻居
R3(config-router)# neighbor 10.29.40.1
R3(config-router)# area 0 range 10.29.0.0 255.255.0.0 //配置路由汇总
R3(config-router)#exit
查看邻居状态
R3#show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
1.1.1.1 1 FULL/DROTHER 00:00:39 10.29.10.1 FastEthernet0/0
2.2.2.2 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:32 10.29.10.2 FastEthernet0/0
5.5.5.5 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:01:44 10.29.40.2 Serial4/2
6.6.6.6 0 FULL/DROTHER 00:01:46 10.29.40.1 Serial4/2
5:配置rip 并重发布到ospf中
R7#configure terminal
R7(config)router ospf 1
R7(config-router)#router-id 7.7.7.7
R7(config-router)#area 1 nssa
R7(config-router)# network 10.29.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 1 //宣告直连网段
R7(config-router)# network 10.29.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R7(config-router)#redistribute rip metric 25 subnets //将RIP重发布到ospf中
R7(config-router)#exit
R7(config)#router rip
R7(config-router)#version 2
R7(config-router)# network 10.0.0.0
R7(config-router)#no auto-summary
R7(config-router)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 4 //将ospf重发布到Rip中
测试连通性:R8 ping R6 R5
R5 ping R1
至此,ospf配置成功,接下来在此配置下配置ospfv3
OSPFV3配置
(1)ipv6地址规划
R1
|
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:3::1/64 |
F0/1 |
2001:db8:29:4::1/64 |
|
R2 |
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:3::2/64 |
F1/0 |
2001:db8:29:5::1/64 |
|
R3 |
S4/2 |
2001:db8:29:1::3/64 |
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:3::3/64 |
|
R5 |
S4/0 |
2001:db8:29:1::1/64 |
R6 |
S4/1 |
2001:db8:29:1::2/64 |
R7 |
F1/0 |
2001:db8:29:5::2/64 |
F0/1 |
2001:db8:29:4::2/64 |
|
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:2::2/64 |
|
R8 |
F0/0 |
2001:db8:29:2::1/64 |
R1 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:9::1/64 |
R1 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:1::1/64 |
R2 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:2::1/64 |
R3 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:3::1/64 |
R4 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:4::1/64 |
R5 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:5::1/64 |
R6 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:296::1/64 |
R7 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:7::1/64 |
R8 |
Looback0 |
2001:cf:29:8::1/64 |
(2)配置步骤
1:配置路由器各端口地址以及个路由器的环回接口地址
2:区域二采用帧中继连接,R4作为帧中继交换机,配置与之前相同
3:帧中继路由R3,R5,R6静态配置dlci
R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R3(config)#interface Serial4/2
R3(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::1 402 broadcast
R3(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::2 401 broadcast
R3(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE01:1EFF:FE28:0 401 broadcast //此映射是为ospfv3铺垫
R3(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE02:EFF:FE60:0 402 broadcast
R3(config-if)#exit
R5#configure terminal
R5(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R5(config)interface Serial4/0
R5(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::3 202 broadcast
R5(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::2 201 broadcast
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE01:1EFF:FE28:0 201 broadcast
R5(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0 202 broadcast
R5(config-if)#exit
R6#configure terminal
R6(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R6(config)interface Serial4/1
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::3 102 broadcast
R6(config-if)# frame-relay map ipv6 2001:DB8:29:1::1 101 broadcast
R6(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0 102 broadcast
R6(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::CE02:EFF:FE60:0 101 broadcast
R6(config-if)#exit
测试连通性:
R6 ping R3
R6#ping 2001:db8:29:1::3
R6 ping R3 链路本地地址
4:帧中继环境下配置ospf
R3#configure terminal
R3(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R3(config-rtr)#router-id 3.3.3.3 //配置路由id
R3(config-rtr)# area 0 range 2001:DB8::/32 //配置路由汇总
R3(config-rtr)# exit
R3(config)#interface Serial4/2
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R3(config-if)# ipv6 enable
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf neighbor FE80::CE02:EFF:FE60:0 priority 1 //手动配置邻居,优先级为零,此地址为R5 R6 的链路本地地址
R3(config-if)# ipv6 ospf neighbor FE80::CE01:1EFF:FE28:0 priority 1
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R6配置参考下面R5配置
R5#configure terminal
R5(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R5(config-rtr)#router-id 5.5.5.5 //配置路由id
R5(config-rtr)# exit
R5(config)#interface Serial4/2
R5(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 2
R5(config-if)# ipv6 enable
R5(config-if)#exit
5:配置其他区域的OSPFV3
R2参考R1配置
R1#configure terminal
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-rtr)#area 1 nssa 定义区域1为nssa区域
R1(config-rtr)#exit
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 enable
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 1 area 0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#ipv6 enable
R1(config-if)# ipv6 ospf 1 area 1
R1(config-if)#exit
6配置路由重发布
R7#configure terminal
R7(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R7(config)#ipv6 router rip ys
R7(config-rtr)#redistribute ospf 1 metric 4 //将ospfv3重发布到RIP中,定义最大条数为4
R7(config-rtr)# redistribute connected
R7(config-rtr)#exit
R7(config)#ipv6 router ospf 1
R7(config-rtr)# router-id 7.7.7.7
R7(config-rtr)#area 1 nssa
R7(config-rtr)# redistribute rip ys //将rip重发布到ospfv3中
R7(config-rtr)# redistribute connected //由于重分布 RIPng,不能把连接 R8 的接口网段重分布进入OSPFv3,因此重分布直连,把连接 R8 的网段重分布到 OSPFv3
R7(config-rtr)# exit
测试连通性
R8 ping R3
查看路由汇总后R6的路由
R6#show ipv6 route ospf
IPv6 Routing Table - 13 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
OI 2001:CF:29:1::1/128 [110/65]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:CF:29:2::1/128 [110/65]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:CF:29:7::1/128 [110/66]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OE2 2001:CF:29:9::/64 [110/20]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:DB8::/32 [110/65] //区域0经过汇总后的路由表
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OE2 2001:DB8:29:2::/64 [110/20]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:DB8:29:4::/64 [110/66]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
OI 2001:DB8:29:5::/64 [110/66]
via FE80::CE04:19FF:FE18:0, Serial4/1
查看R5的邻居:
R5#show ipv6 ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Interface ID Interface
6.6.6.6 1 FULL/BDR 00:01:40 10 Serial4/0
3.3.3.3 1 FULL/DR 00:01:57 11 Serial4/0
实验总结:此次实验的目的是了解两个版本的ospf与其所相关的知识点,通过本次实验,我了解到了ospf与ospfv3原理上的差别,ospfv3比ospf配置更加便捷,其通过路由器的链路本地地址建立邻居,所以配置中开启了帧中继的部分要设置关于链路本地地址的静态dicl映射,还要是该部分的区域间路由作为DR,否则邻居即使建立成功也无法多路发送”hello”包。本次实验我获益匪浅,遇到的问题就是帧中继部分的ospf建立,通过查阅资料解决了问题。对这两个协议的理解更加深刻了。
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