UDP实现一个简易的聊天室 (Unity&&C#完成)

Posted 2021-02-11 NuLiAs

　　效果展示(尚未完善)

UDP

User Data Protocol 用户数据报协议

概述

UDP是不连接的数据报模式。即传输数据之前源端和终端不建立连接。使用尽最大努力交付原则，即不保证可靠交付。

数据报模式：由于不建立连接，收到的数据可能是任意主机发送的，所以接收端Read次数必须与发送端Write次数相同，每次只接收一个报文，避免多个报文合并。但如果报文过长，多出部分会被丢弃，所以注意数据最大为1472字节。

 

实现步骤

 

服务端                                                客户端

获取本机终结点                                  获取本机终结点

创建UdpClient对象                              创建UdpClient对象                                   

接收任意终结点消息                             接收任意终结点消息

向客户端发送消息                               向服务端发送消息

……                                                    … 

关闭连接                                           关闭连接

 

ChatUDPClientTest

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System.Threading;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using Common;
using UIWidgetsSamples;
using System;

/// <summary>
/// 服务端
/// </summary>
public class ChatUDPServerTest : MonoBehaviour
{
    public string serverIP;
    //IP地址
    public int serverPort;
    //端口
    //1.创建Scoket对象 IP Port
    private Thread thread;
    private UdpClient udpSeivic;
    public void Start()
    {
        chatView = transform.FindChildByName("ChatView").
            GetComponent<ChatView>();
        //给端口和IP
        //构建终结点  IP和一个端口
        IPEndPoint localEP = new 
            IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(serverIP), serverPort);
        udpSeivic = new UdpClient(localEP);

        thread = new Thread(ReceiveMessage);
        thread.Start();
    }
    
    /// <summary>
    /// 接收消息
    /// </summary>
    private void ReceiveMessage()
    {
        while (true)
        {
            IPEndPoint remote = new
                IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
            //创建任意终结点
            //ref
            byte[] date = udpSeivic.Receive(ref remote);
            //Receive接收消息  如果没有收到消息 线程阻塞  放在线程中
            string msg = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(date);
            //获取的客户都安信息
            Debug.Log(remote.Address + "===" + remote.Port);
            //如果接收客户端的消息,会把任意终结点修改为客户端的终结点
            ThreadCrossHelper.Instance.ExecuteOnMainThread(() => { ShowMessage(msg); });
        }
    }
    private ChatView chatView;
    /// <summary>
    /// 显示消息
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="msg"></param>
    public void ShowMessage(string msg)
    {
        chatView.DataSource.Add(new ChatLine()
        {
            UserName = "AnnnS",
            Message = msg,
            Time = DateTime.Now,
            Type = ChatLineType.User,
        });
    }
    private void OnApplicationQuit()
    {
        udpSeivic.Close();
        thread.Abort();
    }
}

ChatUDPServerTest

脚本引用的工具箱

1. MonoSingleton (泛型单例)
2. ThreadCrossHelper (为子线程提供，可以在主线程中执行的方法)
3. TransformHelper(根据名称查找后代元素)

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

namespace Common
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    public class MonoSingleton<T> : MonoBehaviour where T : MonoSingleton<T>
    {
        //public static T Instance
        //{
        //    get;
        //    private set;
        //}
        //private void Awake()
        //{
        //    Instance = this as T;
        //} 
        //按需加载
        private static T instance;
        public static T Instance
        {
            get
            {
                if (instance == null)
                {
                    //在场景中查找对象
                    instance = FindObjectOfType<T>();
                    if (instance == null)
                    {
                        //创建游戏对象 附加 脚本对象
                        new GameObject("Singleton of " + typeof(T)).AddComponent<T>();//立即执行Awake
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        instance.Initialized();
                    }
                }
                return instance;
            }
        }

        protected virtual void Initialized()
        {

        }

        [Tooltip("是否需要跨场景不销毁")]
        public bool isDontDestroy = true;

        //如果管理类自行附加到物体中
        //在Awake中为instance赋值 
        protected void Awake()
        {
            if (isDontDestroy)
            {
                DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
            }
            if (instance == null)
            {
                instance = this as T;
                instance.Initialized();
            }
        }
    }
}

MonoSingleton

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
 
namespace Common
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 
    /// </summary>
    public class ThreadCrossHelper : MonoSingleton<ThreadCrossHelper>
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 延迟项
        /// </summary> 
        class DelayedItem
        {
            public Action CurrentAction { get; set; }
            public DateTime Time { get; set; }
        }

        private List<DelayedItem> actionList;
        //private List<Action> actionList;
        //private List<float> timeList;

        protected override void Initialized()
        {
            base.Initialized();

            actionList = new List<DelayedItem>(); 
        }

        private void Update()
        { 
            for (int i = actionList.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                //到时间
                if (actionList[i].Time <= DateTime.Now)
                {
                    lock (actionList)
                    {
                        actionList[i].CurrentAction();//执行
                        actionList.RemoveAt(i);//从列表中移除 
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 为子线程提供，可以在主线程中执行的方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="action"></param>
        /// <param name="dealy"></param>
        public void ExecuteOnMainThread(Action action, float dealy = 0)
        {
            DelayedItem item = new DelayedItem()
            {
                CurrentAction = action,
                //Time = Time.time + dealy
                Time = DateTime.Now.AddSeconds(dealy)
            };
            lock (actionList)
            {
                actionList.Add(item);
            }
        }
    }
}

ThreadCrossHelper

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

namespace Common
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 变换组件助手类
    /// </summary>
    public static  class TransformHelper
    { 
        /// <summary>
        /// 未知层级，根据名称查找后代元素
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="currentTF"></param>
        /// <param name="childName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Transform FindChildByName(this Transform currentTF, string childName)
        {
            Transform childTF = currentTF.Find(childName);
            if (childTF != null) return childTF;
            //将问题推迟给子物体
            for (int i = 0; i < currentTF.childCount; i++)
            {
                //在方法体内部，又遇到了相同的问题，所以需要调用自身。
                childTF = FindChildByName(currentTF.GetChild(i), childName);
                if (childTF != null) return childTF;
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
}

TransformHelper