Nginx基础入门之相关配置模板样例参考

Posted 2020-06-12

 

  关于nginx，在不同的环境下有不同的配置，比如nginx在LNMP环境中有lamp 环境的配置，从到反向代理时，有反向代理的配置，在做负载均衡时，有负载均衡的配置，下面我们来介绍一下关于nginx不同应用环境的配置样例

  通常在配置nginx时，我习惯将nginx配置分为nginx分为两大部分:1.共用nginx配置；2.include引用的web配置，如下所示

* 共用nginx配置模板参考

#user  nobody;
user nginx ;  
worker_processes  auto;   
#worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; 
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid; 


events {
    use epoll;  
    worker_connections  65535;   
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    include       /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
    log_format  main  ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
                      ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
                      ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
        #access_log  logs/access.log  main;  
       
#       {nginx global setting}            
        charset  utf-8;       
        server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;  
        client_header_buffer_size 1M;  
#       client_body_timeout 15; 
#       client_header_timeout 15;
#       send_timeout 15;    
        large_client_header_buffers 4 128k;  
        client_max_body_size 2000m;  
        sendfile on; 
        tcp_nopush on;  
        tcp_nodelay on; 
        keepalive_timeout 60; 
        reset_timedout_connection on; 
        
#       {fastcgi setting}                              
        fastcgi_cache_path /var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi_cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=fastcgi_cache:10m 
        inactive=5m  max_size=10g;         
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 90;  
        fastcgi_send_timeout 60;      
        fastcgi_read_timeout 60;        
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;        
        fastcgi_buffers 8 128k，        
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;         
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;  
        fastcgi_cache fastcgi_cache;                         #表示开启缓存功能，并指定使用哪个缓存
#       fastcgi_temp_path  /usr/local/nginx/ngx_fastcgi_tmp  #此项配置通过不用到，可以不需要；

#       {file setting}              
        open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s;        
        open_file_cache_valid 30s; 
        open_file_cache_min_uses 2;
#       open_file_cache_errors on;  

#       {gzip setting}
        gzip on;              
#       gzip_disable "msie6";         
        gzip_vary on;       
        gzip_proxied any;   
        gzip_comp_level 6;  
        gzip_min_length 1k;  
        gzip_buffers 16 8k;  
        gzip_http_version 1.1; 
        gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml 
        application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;   

#       {proxy setting}
        proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;
        proxy_connect_timeout      90;
        proxy_send_timeout         200;
        proxy_read_timeout         200;
        proxy_buffer_size          4k;
        proxy_buffers              4 32k;
        proxy_busy_buffers_size    64k;
        proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;              
        

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

#    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
#    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

#    server {
#        listen       80;
#        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

#        location / {
#            root   html;
#            index  index.html index.htm;
#        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
#        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
#        location = /50x.html {
#            root   html;
#        }

        # proxy the php scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache‘s document root
        # concurs with nginx‘s one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
#    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

* include 引用的web配置模板参考样例

1.1 当nginx应用在LNMP环境时以支持对PHP的支持，可参考以下web配置模板样例

vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
     listen       80 default backlog=65535;
     server_name localhost;
     root    /usr/local/www;
     index  index.php index.html ;

     location ~ \.php$ {
                   fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                   fastcgi_index  index.php;
                   fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(.*)$;
                   fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
                   fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                   include        fastcgi_params;
                   #[fastcgi_cache setting ]
                   fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h; 
                   fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m;   
                   fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1; 
                   fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 
                   http_503 http_504;
                   fastcgi_cache_key "$request_method://$host$request_uri";
        }
 }

1.2 当nginx只充当到proxy serve，可参考以下web配置模板样例

vim /etc/nginx/extra/web.conf
server {
        listen       80 default backlog=65535;
        server_name localhost;
        root    /usr/local/www;
        index  index.php index.html ;
       
#       {nginx proxy configure}
        location / {
                 proxy_pass         http://192.168.100.10  # //这里填写后端web server 访问地址
               （本文档中后端web server应用访问URL信息为:http://192.168.100.10）
                 
                 proxy_redirect     off;
                 proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
                 proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
                 proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
                 proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503
                 http_504;
        }

}

1.2 当nginx只充当到proxy serve+proxy_cache时，可参考以下web配置模板样例

本文出自 “菜鸟的成长记” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://blief.blog.51cto.com/6170059/1740256