android自定义控件，动态设置Button的样式

Posted 2020-07-23 brave-sailor

原文  http://www.cnblogs.com/landptf/p/4562203.html

今天来看一个通过重写Button来动态实现一些效果，如圆角矩形、圆形、按下改变字体，改变背景色，改变背景图等

在此说明一下，这种实现方式绝对不是唯一的，而且通过xml文件即可简单实现，这样做只是为了将控件的样式完全由代码实现，更方便打包应用于其他项目

下面来看几张效果图:

图1 初始状态                                            图2 按下第一行的TEXT0

图3 按下第二行的TEXT1                         图4 按下第三行的TEXT2，按住截屏时，没有截到Toast的提示

下面看代码，共两个类，一个布局文件

1 ButtonM.java:重写Button，可单独打包应用于其他项目

package landptf.control;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.drawable.GradientDrawable;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
/**
 * 重写Button,自定义Button样式
 * @author landptf
 * @date 2015-6-8
 */
public class ButtonM extends Button{
  private GradientDrawable gradientDrawable;//控件的样式
  private String backColors = "";//背景色，String类型
  private int backColori = 0;//背景色，int类型
  private String backColorSelecteds = "";//按下后的背景色，String类型
  private int backColorSelectedi = 0;//按下后的背景色，int类型
  private int backGroundImage = 0;//背景图，只提供了Id
  private int backGroundImageSeleted = 0;//按下后的背景图，只提供了Id
  private String textColors = "";//文字颜色，String类型
  private int textColori = 0;//文字颜色，int类型
  private String textColorSeleteds = "";//按下后的文字颜色，String类型
  private int textColorSeletedi = 0;//按下后的文字颜色，int类型
  private float radius = 8;//圆角半径
  private int shape = 0;//圆角样式，矩形、圆形等，由于矩形的Id为0，默认为矩形
  private Boolean fillet = false;//是否设置圆角
  public ButtonM(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
    super(context, attrs, defStyle);
    init();
  }
  public ButtonM(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
    this(context, attrs, 0);
  }
  public ButtonM(Context context) {
    this(context, null);
  }
  private void init() {
    //将Button的默认背景色改为透明，本人不喜欢原来的颜色
    if (fillet) {
      if (gradientDrawable == null) {
        gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
      }
      gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
    }else {
      setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
    }
    //设置文字默认居中
    setGravity(Gravity.CENTER);
    //设置Touch事件
    setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener() {
      @Override
      public boolean onTouch(View arg0, MotionEvent event) {
        //按下改变样式
        setColor(event.getAction());
        //此处设置为false，防止Click事件被屏蔽
        return false;
      }
    });
  }
  //改变样式
  private void setColor(int state){
    if (state == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
      //按下
      if (backColorSelectedi != 0) {
        //先判断是否设置了按下后的背景色int型
        if (fillet) {
          if (gradientDrawable == null) {
            gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
          }
          gradientDrawable.setColor(backColorSelectedi);
        }else {
          setBackgroundColor(backColorSelectedi);
        }
      }else if (!backColorSelecteds.equals("")) {
        if (fillet) {
          if (gradientDrawable == null) {
            gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
          }
          gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.parseColor(backColorSelecteds));
        }else {
          setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor(backColorSelecteds));
        }
      }
      //判断是否设置了按下后文字的颜色
      if (textColorSeletedi != 0) {
        setTextColor(textColorSeletedi);
      }else if (!textColorSeleteds.equals("")) {
        setTextColor(Color.parseColor(textColorSeleteds));
      }
      //判断是否设置了按下后的背景图
      if (backGroundImageSeleted != 0) {
        setBackgroundResource(backGroundImageSeleted);
      }
    }
    if (state == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
      //抬起
      if (backColori == 0 && backColors.equals("")) {
        //如果没有设置背景色，默认改为透明
        if (fillet) {
          if (gradientDrawable == null) {
            gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
          }
          gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
        }else {
          setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
        }
      }else if(backColori != 0){
        if (fillet) {
          if (gradientDrawable == null) {
            gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
          }
          gradientDrawable.setColor(backColori);
        }else {
          setBackgroundColor(backColori);
        }
      }else {
        if (fillet) {
          if (gradientDrawable == null) {
            gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
          }
          gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.parseColor(backColors));
        }else {
          setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor(backColors));
        }
      }
      //如果为设置字体颜色，默认为黑色
      if (textColori == 0 && textColors.equals("")) {
        setTextColor(Color.BLACK);
      }else if (textColori != 0) {
        setTextColor(textColori);
      }else {
        setTextColor(Color.parseColor(textColors));
      }
      if (backGroundImage != 0) {
        setBackgroundResource(backGroundImage);
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮的背景色,如果未设置则默认为透明
   * @param backColor
   */
  public void setBackColor(String backColor) {
    this.backColors = backColor;
    if (backColor.equals("")) {
      if (fillet) {
        if (gradientDrawable == null) {
          gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
        }
        gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
      }else {
        setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
      }
    }else {
      if (fillet) {
        if (gradientDrawable == null) {
          gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
        }
        gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.parseColor(backColor));
      }else {
        setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor(backColor));
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮的背景色,如果未设置则默认为透明
   * @param backColor
   */
  public void setBackColor(int backColor) {
    this.backColori = backColor;
    if (backColori == 0) {
      if (fillet) {
        if (gradientDrawable == null) {
          gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
        }
        gradientDrawable.setColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
      }else {
        setBackgroundColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
      }
    }else {
      if (fillet) {
        if (gradientDrawable == null) {
          gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
        }
        gradientDrawable.setColor(backColor);
      }else {
        setBackgroundColor(backColor);
      }
    }
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮按下后的颜色
   * @param backColorSelected
   */
  public void setBackColorSelected(int backColorSelected) {
    this.backColorSelectedi = backColorSelected;
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮按下后的颜色
   * @param backColorSelected
   */
  public void setBackColorSelected(String backColorSelected) {
    this.backColorSelecteds = backColorSelected;
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮的背景图
   * @param backGroundImage
   */
  public void setBackGroundImage(int backGroundImage) {
    this.backGroundImage = backGroundImage;
    if (backGroundImage != 0) {
      setBackgroundResource(backGroundImage);
    }
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮按下的背景图
   * @param backGroundImageSeleted
   */
  public void setBackGroundImageSeleted(int backGroundImageSeleted) {
    this.backGroundImageSeleted = backGroundImageSeleted;
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮圆角半径大小
   * @param radius
   */
  public void setRadius(float radius) {
    if (gradientDrawable == null) {
      gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
    }
    gradientDrawable.setCornerRadius(radius);
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮文字颜色
   * @param textColor
   */
  public void setTextColors(String textColor) {
    this.textColors = textColor;
    setTextColor(Color.parseColor(textColor));
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮文字颜色
   * @param textColor
   */
  public void setTextColori(int textColor) {
    this.textColori = textColor;
    setTextColor(textColor);
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮按下的文字颜色
   * @param textColor
   */
  public void setTextColorSelected(String textColor) {
    this.textColorSeleteds = textColor;
  }
  /**
   * 设置按钮按下的文字颜色
   * @param textColor
   */
  public void setTextColorSelected(int textColor) {
    this.textColorSeletedi = textColor;
  }
  /**
   * 按钮的形状
   * @param shape
   */
  public void setShape(int shape) {
    this.shape = shape;
  }
  /**
   * 设置其是否为圆角
   * @param fillet
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
  public void setFillet(Boolean fillet) {
    this.fillet = fillet;
    if (fillet) {
      if (gradientDrawable == null) {
        gradientDrawable = new GradientDrawable();
      }
      //GradientDrawable.RECTANGLE
      gradientDrawable.setShape(shape);
      gradientDrawable.setCornerRadius(radius);
      setBackgroundDrawable(gradientDrawable);
    }
  }
}

2 activity_buttonm.xml 布局文件，为了演示效果定义了三个空的LinearLayout，下面将分别为其添加子控件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical" >
  <LinearLayout 
    android:id="@+id/ll_button1"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
    android:orientation="horizontal">
  </LinearLayout>
  <LinearLayout 
    android:id="@+id/ll_button2"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
    android:orientation="horizontal">
  </LinearLayout>
  <LinearLayout 
    android:id="@+id/ll_button3"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
    android:orientation="horizontal">
  </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

3 ButtonMActivity.java：ButtonM测试类

package landptf.control;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.drawable.GradientDrawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;
/**
 * ButtonM测试类
 * @author landptf
 * @date 2015-6-8
 */
public class ButtonMActivity extends Activity{
  //定义三个空布局用来装载Button控件，只为演示效果，实际开发中不推荐使用
  private LinearLayout llButtonM1;
  private LinearLayout llButtonM2;
  private LinearLayout llButtonM3;
  //定义三个ButtonM数组
  private ButtonM[] buttonM1;
  private ButtonM[] buttonM2;
  private ButtonM[] buttonM3;
  //定义两组颜色值，按下与未按下的按钮背景色
  private static final String[] colorList = {"#7067E2","#FF618F","#B674D2","#00C2EB"};
  private static final String[] colorSelectedList = {"#3C3779","#88354C","#613E70","#00677D"};
  @Override
  protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_buttonm);
    initView();
  }
  //初始化控件
  private void initView() {
    //实例化布局控件
    llButtonM1 = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_button1);
    llButtonM2 = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_button2);
    llButtonM3 = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.ll_button3);
    //实例化控件数组，各定义4个
    buttonM1 = new ButtonM[4];
    buttonM2 = new ButtonM[4];
    buttonM3 = new ButtonM[4];
    //获取屏幕的宽度，每行四个Button，间隙为60共300，除4为每个控件的宽度
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    int btnWidth = (getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getWidth() - 300)/4;
    //定义第一个布局
    LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp1;
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
      //为buttonM1设置样式，直角矩形
      buttonM1[i] = new ButtonM(this);
      //字体颜色
      buttonM1[i].setTextColori(android.graphics.Color.WHITE);
      //字体大小
      buttonM1[i].setTextSize(14);
      //背景色
      buttonM1[i].setBackColor(Color.parseColor(colorList[i]));
      //选中的背景色
      buttonM1[i].setBackColorSelected(Color.parseColor(colorSelectedList[i]));
      //文字提示
      buttonM1[i].setText("TEXT" + i);
      //此处设置Id的值为i，否则onClick中v.getId()将永远为-1
      buttonM1[i].setId(i);
      //定义buttonM1的布局，宽度自适应，高度为宽度的0.6倍，权重为1
      //也可以写成lp1 = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(btnWidth,(int) (btnWidth * 0.6));
      lp1 = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,(int) (btnWidth * 0.6), 1.0f);
      //控件距离其右侧控件的距离，此处为60
      lp1.setMargins(0,0,60,0);
      buttonM1[i].setLayoutParams(lp1);
      //设置buttonM1的点击事件
      buttonM1[i].setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
          Toast.makeText(ButtonMActivity.this, "您选择了第" + v.getId() + "个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
      });
      //设置PaddingLeft为60
      llButtonM1.setPadding(60, 0, 0, 0);
      //将buttonM1添加到llButtonM1中
      llButtonM1.addView(buttonM1[i]);
    }
    //定义第二个布局
    LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp2;
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
      //为buttonM2设置样式，圆角矩形
      buttonM2[i] = new ButtonM(this);
      buttonM2[i].setTextColori(android.graphics.Color.WHITE);
      buttonM2[i].setTextSize(14);
      //设置是否为圆角
      buttonM2[i].setFillet(true);
      //设置圆角的半径大小
      buttonM2[i].setRadius(18);
      buttonM2[i].setBackColor(Color.parseColor(colorList[i]));
      buttonM2[i].setBackColorSelected(Color.parseColor(colorSelectedList[i]));
      buttonM2[i].setText("TEXT" + i);
      buttonM2[i].setId(i);
      lp2 = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,(int) (btnWidth * 0.6), 1.0f);
      lp2.setMargins(0,0,60,0);
      buttonM2[i].setLayoutParams(lp2);
      buttonM2[i].setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
          Toast.makeText(ButtonMActivity.this, "您选择了第" + v.getId() + "个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
      });
      llButtonM2.setPadding(60, 0, 0, 0);
      llButtonM2.addView(buttonM2[i]);
    }
    //定义第三个布局
    LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp3;
    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
      //为buttonM3设置样式，圆形
      buttonM3[i] = new ButtonM(this);
      buttonM3[i].setTextColori(android.graphics.Color.WHITE);
      buttonM3[i].setTextSize(14);
      //设置为圆形，默认为矩形，GradientDrawable.RECTANGLE
      buttonM3[i].setShape(GradientDrawable.OVAL);
      buttonM3[i].setFillet(true);
      buttonM3[i].setBackColor(Color.parseColor(colorList[i]));
      buttonM3[i].setBackColorSelected(Color.parseColor(colorSelectedList[i]));
      buttonM3[i].setText("TEXT" + i);
      buttonM3[i].setId(i);
      lp3 = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(btnWidth,btnWidth);
      lp3.setMargins(0,0,60,0);
      buttonM3[i].setLayoutParams(lp3);
      buttonM3[i].setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
          Toast.makeText(ButtonMActivity.this, "您选择了第" + v.getId() + "个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
      });
      llButtonM3.setPadding(60, 0, 0, 0);
      llButtonM3.addView(buttonM3[i]);
    }
  }
}

注释基本都说明了，可以慢慢积累这些控件，最终形成一个自己的控件库，在不同项目中完善，使之越来越强大

明天给大家介绍一下通过继承RelativeLayout，实现多个控件的组合，让不同项目应用，可避免每次都要重写