搭建LAMP环境

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搭建LAMP环境

mysql免编译安装包下载链接(5.1版本):

32位:http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz

64位:http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz

如果使用源代码包安装的话,编译时间花费较长

Apache源代码下载链接(2.2版本):

http://mirrors.sohu.com/apache/httpd-2.2.31.tar.bz2

php源代码包下载连接(5.4版本):

http://mirrors.sohu.com/php/php-5.4.44.tar.bz2

 

安装顺序:mysqlapachephp

php放到最后安装是因为安装php时需要指定mysql的安装目录和apacheapxs工具的路径。

Mysql安装

首先使用命令uname –i查看系统位数,然后选择相应mysql免编译安装包进行下载。

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src

[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz

[[email protected] src]# tar -xzvfmysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz

//解压

[[email protected] src]# mvmysql-5.1.73-linux-i686-glibc23 /usr/local/mysql

         //移动mysql安装包到/usr/local/目录下

[[email protected] src]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# useradd -M -s/sbin/nologin mysql

         //创建运行mysql服务的账户

[[email protected] mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysq

//创建mysql数据文件存放目录

[[email protected] mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql/data/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

         //初始化mysql服务,--user指定运行mysql服务的账户,--datadir指定数据文件存放目录。这一步骤很关键,如果你看到两个“OK”说明执行正确,否则,请仔细查看错误信息。

下面是两个常见的错误,如果你正好遇到了,那就照着下面的解决办法解决一下。

1)遇到错误: ./bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libstdc++.so.5:cannot

open shared object file:

解决办法:

# yum install -y compat-libstdc++-33

2)遇到错误: ./scripts/mysql_install_db: ./bin/my_print_defaults:/lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad

ELF interpreter: No such file or directory

这是因为,你的系统版本和 mysql 版本不一致。比如,你的系统是 32 位,结果你下载

了一个 64 位的包。所以,解决办法是,下载合适的包。

[[email protected] mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf/etc/my.cnf

cp:是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf" y

         //使用安装包中提供的配置模版文件到替代系统自带/etc/my.cnf文件(my.cnf只能存放在/etc/或者是dasedir目录下)

[[email protected] mysql]# cpsupport-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chmod 755/etc/init.d/mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[[email protected] mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on

         //使用安装包中提供的启动脚本文件,将mysql加入到系统服务列表里。

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.Manager of pid-file quitwithout updating fi[失败]

         //启动失败,提示pid文件没有更新。解决方法:编辑启动配置文件/etc/init.d/mysqld,设置basedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/data/mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.                                            [确定]

[[email protected] mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql

[[email protected] mysql]# netstat -lnp|grepmysql

//查看服务是否启动成功。

[[email protected] mysql]#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘123456‘

         //默认mysqlroot用户密码为空,为了安全性我们应该设置mysqlroot用户密码。(修改密码可以使用命令mysqladmin –u root –p password ‘new-password‘,输入旧密码)

 

放了能够方便使用mysql的命令,我们应该将路径/usr/local/mysql/bin加入PATH变量中

[[email protected] mysql]# vi/etc/profile.d/path.sh

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

[[email protected] mysql]# source/etc/profile.d/path.sh

 

Apache安装

常见的源代码包都是用C语言开发的,所以再编译安装源代码包前,应该先安装linux下的C语言编译器gcc

[[email protected] ~]# yum install –y gcc

 

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src

[[email protected] src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/apache/httpd-2.2.31.tar.bz2

[[email protected] src]# tar -xjvfhttpd-2.2.24.tar.bz2

[[email protected] src]# cd httpd-2.2.24

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.24]# ./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/apache2 \

--with-included-apr \

--enable-so \

--enable-deflate=shared \

--enable-expires=shared \

--enable-rewrite=shared \

--with-pcre

         //配置编译参数,生成Makefile文件

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.24]# echo $?

0

//校验配置编译参数的过程是否出错

如果./configure 这一步你出现了这样的错误:

error: mod_deflate has been requested butcan not be built due to prerequisite failures

解决办法是:

# yum install -y zlib-devel

为了避免在 make 的时候出现错误,所以最好是提前先安装好一些库文件:

# yum install -y pcre pcre-devel aprapr-devel

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.24]# make &&make install

         //编译、安装

[[email protected] httpd-2.2.24]# cd/usr/local/apache2/

[[email protected] apache2]# bin/apachectl –M

         //查看apachempm工作模式

常见的mpmpreforkworkerevent2.2版本默认使用的mpmprefork2.4版本默认使用的是event。编译时可以使用参数—with-mpm=preforkworkerevent选择mpm工作模式(如果选择event还要加上一条参数 --enable-nonportable-atomics=yes )。

PreforkWorkerEvent三种MPM分析:

http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/archive/2012/11/20/2779977.html

 

[[email protected] apache2]#PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/bin

[[email protected] apache2]# vi/etc/profile.d/path.sh

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache2/bin

apache添加到启动服务列表里:

[[email protected] ~]# cp/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/init.d/httpd

添加语句# chkconfig: - 66 66

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig --add httpd

[[email protected] ~]# chkconfig httpd on

[[email protected] ~]# service httpd start

[[email protected] ~]# ps aux|grep httpd

[[email protected] ~]# netstat -lnp|grep httpd

Php安装

[[email protected] apache2]# cd

[[email protected] ~]# cd /usr/local/src/

[[email protected] src]# tar -xzvfphp-5.4.44.tar.gz

[[email protected] src]# cd php-5.4.44

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# yum –y installepel-release

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# yum -y installlibxml2-devel openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libpng-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel freetypefreetype-devel libmcrypt-devel

         //为了避免出错,编译安装前先安装一些依赖的包

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# ./configure \

> --prefix=/usr/local/php \

>--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs \

>--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \

> --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \

> --with-libxml-dir \

> --with-gd \

> --with-jpeg-dir \

> --with-png-dir \

> --with-freetype-dir \

> --with-iconv-dir \

> --with-zlib-dir \

> --with-bz2 \

> --with-openssl \

> --with-mcrypt \

> --enable-soap \

> --enable-gd-native-ttf \

> --enable-mbstring \

> --enable-sockets \

> --enable-exif \

> --disable-ipv6

在这一步,遇到如下错误:

configure: error: xml2-config not found.Please check your libxml2 installation.

解决办法是:

# yum install -y libxml2-devel

还有错误:

configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL‘s<evp.h>

解决办法是:

# yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

错误:

checking for BZip2 in default path... notfound

configure: error: Please reinstall theBZip2 distribution

解决办法:

# yum install -y bzip2 bzip2-devel

错误:

configure: error: png.h not found.

解决办法:

# yum install -y libpng libpng-devel

错误:

configure: error: freetype.h not found.

解决办法:

# yum install -y freetype freetype-devel

错误:

configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

解决方法:

# yum -y install libjpeg-turbo-devel

错误:

configure: error: mcrypt.h not found.Please reinstall libmcrypt.

解决办法:

# yum install -y epel-release

# yum install -y libmcrypt-devel

因为 centos6 默认的 yum 源没有 libmcrypt-devel 这个包,只能借助 epel yum 源。

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# make &&make install

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# echo $?

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# 0

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# cpphp.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

[[email protected] php-5.4.44]# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

找到;date.timezone = 修改为date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

 

[[email protected] ~]# vim/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

找到:

<Directory />

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Deny from all

</Directory>

改为:

<Directory />

Options FollowSymLinks

AllowOverride None

Order deny,allow

Allow from all

</Directory>

找到:

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

在该行下面添加:

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

关联php,让apache能实现解析php脚本

找到:

<IfModule dir_module>

DirectoryIndex index.html

</IfModule>

将该行改为:

<IfModule dir_module>

DirectoryIndex index.html index.htmindex.php

</IfModule>

添加默认索引页

再找到:

#ServerName www.example.com:80

修改为:

ServerName localhost:80

如果不去掉#,则启动 apache 时,会有警告信息“httpd: Could not reliably determine the

server‘s fully qualified domain name, usinglocalhost.localdomain for ServerName”,看起来像是

错误,其实没有影响。

[[email protected] ~]# apachectl -t

Syntax OK

         //检查配置文件是否有错

测试是否成功解析php文件

[[email protected] ~]# vim/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/index.php

<?php

phpinfo()

?>

[[email protected] ~]# service httpd restart

[[email protected] ~]# curl localhost/index.php

This is test![[email protected] ~]#


本文出自 “好大一只葫芦” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://zhuxingye.blog.51cto.com/11121336/1740083

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