LeetcodeLongest Increasing Path in a Matrix
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题目链接:https://leetcode.com/problems/longest-increasing-path-in-a-matrix/
题目:
Given an integer matrix, find the length of the longest increasing path.
From each cell, you can either move to four directions: left, right, up or down. You may NOT move diagonally or move outside of the boundary (i.e. wrap-around is not allowed).
Example 1:
nums = [ [9,9,4], [6,6,8], [2,1,1] ]
Return 4
The longest increasing path is [1, 2, 6, 9]
.
Example 2:
nums = [ [3,4,5], [3,2,6], [2,2,1] ]
Return 4
The longest increasing path is [3, 4, 5, 6]
. Moving diagonally is not allowed.
思路:
本题实质是用dsp搜索最长路径。不过没必要对图中每个节点都用dsp求一遍最长路径,参考拓扑排序只从入度为0的节点开始dsp,这样做oj判断超时,那就再优化一下,用空间换时间,在dsp过程中记忆每个节点作为起点的最长路径的长度。
具体步骤为
1.根据矩阵构建邻接表,并记录和更新节点的入度。构建邻接表时,要注意满足题意即:当某节点小于上下左右节点才有一条相应路径。
2.dsp搜索,搜索入口为入度为0的结点。
构建邻接表时间复杂度为O(n^2),空间复杂度为O(n^2)。
算法:
HashMap<Integer, List<Integer>> maps = new HashMap<Integer, List<Integer>>();// 有向图的邻接表 int lens[];// 记住每个节点作为起点的最大长度 public int longestIncreasingPath(int[][] matrix) { if (matrix.length == 0) return 0; int rows = matrix.length, cols = matrix[0].length; int[] digree = new int[rows * cols];// 入度 lens = new int[rows * cols]; // 初始化邻接表 for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) { List<Integer> neibors = new LinkedList<Integer>(); if (i - 1 >= 0 && matrix[i - 1][j] > matrix[i][j]) {// 上 neibors.add((i - 1) * cols + j); digree[(i - 1) * cols + j]++; } if (i + 1 < rows && matrix[i + 1][j] > matrix[i][j]) {// 下 neibors.add((i + 1) * cols + j); digree[(i + 1) * cols + j]++; } if (j - 1 >= 0 && matrix[i][j - 1] > matrix[i][j]) {// 左 neibors.add(i * cols + (j - 1)); digree[i * cols + (j - 1)]++; } if (j + 1 < cols && matrix[i][j + 1] > matrix[i][j]) {// 右 neibors.add(i * cols + (j + 1)); digree[i * cols + (j + 1)]++; } maps.put(i * cols + j, neibors); } } int max = 0; for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) { if (digree[i * cols + j] == 0) {//入度为0的节点为搜索入口 int len = dsp(i * cols + j, 0); max = Math.max(max, len); } } } return max; } public int dsp(int s, int depth) { if (lens[s] != 0) return lens[s]; List<Integer> neibors = maps.get(s); int max = 0; for (int n : neibors) { lens[n] = dsp(n, depth++); max = Math.max(max, lens[n]); } return max + 1; }
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