数据结构—动态顺序表的实现

Posted 2020-07-19 宇哲_安菲尔德

前面我们实现了顺序表，但是我们应该会考虑到一个问题，顺序表一次性创建那么大空间造成的浪费很多，所以在这里，我们需要一个可以动态增长的顺序表来满足我们的需求！

实现中需要注意的是：在这里我们要注意的是首先你应该给顺序表一个容量，当每次满了的时候，进行扩容！

另外，在这里我分别使用了三种的排序算法：插入排序，选择排序，冒泡排序。

dynamic_seqlist.h

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#ifndef __DYNAMIC_SEQLIST_H__
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>


#define INIT_SIZE 3
#define CAPACITY_SIZE 3
typedef int datatype;

typedef struct seqlist
{
    datatype *data;
    int size;
    int capacity;
}Seqlist,*pSeqlist;


static enum seq
{
    EXIT,
    INIT,
    PUSHBACK,
    POPBACK,
    PUSHFRONT,
    POPFRONT,
    INSERT,
    REMOVE,
    REMOVEALL,
    BUBBLESORT,
    SELECTSORT,
    INSERTIONSORT,
    ERASE,
    BINARYSEARCH,
    PRINTFSEQLIST

};

void PrintSeqlist(pSeqlist pSeq);
void InitSqlist(pSeqlist pSeq);
void DestorySeqlist(pSeqlist pSeq);
void PushBack(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x);
void PopBack(pSeqlist pSeq);
void PushFront(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x);
void PopFront(pSeqlist pSeq);
void Insert(pSeqlist pSeq, int pos, datatype x);
void Remove(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x);
void RemoveAll(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x);
void BubbleSort(pSeqlist pSeq);
void SelectSort(pSeqlist pSeq);
void InsertionSort(pSeqlist pSeq);
void Erase(pSeqlist pSeq, int pos);
int BinarySearch(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x);


void meau();


#endif // !__DYNAMIC_SEQLIST_H__

dynamic_seqlist.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#include"dynamic_seqlist.h"

void meau()
{
    printf("$$$$$$$$$$$$$$    SEQLIST    $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$\n");
	printf("$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$￥$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$\n");
    printf("$$$  1.init              2.push_back      $$$\n");
    printf("$$$  3.pop_back          4.push_front     $$$\n");
    printf("$$$  5.pop_front         6.insert         $$$\n");
    printf("$$$  7.remove            8.removeall      $$$\n");
    printf("$$$  9.bubblesort        10.selectsort    $$$\n");
    printf("$$$  11.insertionsort    12.earse         $$$\n");
    printf("$$$  13.binarysearch     14.printseqlist  $$$\n");
    printf("$$$                       0.EXIT          $$$\n");
    printf("$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$\n");

}

void InitSqlist(pSeqlist pseq)
{
    pseq->data = (datatype *)malloc(sizeof(datatype)*INIT_SIZE);
    if (NULL == pseq->data)
    {
        perror("out of memory");
        exit(-1);
    }
    pseq->size = 0;
    pseq->capacity = INIT_SIZE;
}

void DestorySeqlist(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    free(pSeq->data);
    pSeq->data = NULL;
    pSeq->size = 0;
    pSeq->capacity = 0;
}

void PrintSeqlist(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    int i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < pSeq->size; i++)
    {
        printf("%3d", pSeq->data[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
}
void check(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    datatype *tmp = NULL;
    if (pSeq->size == pSeq->capacity)
    {
        tmp = (datatype *)realloc(pSeq->data, sizeof(datatype)*(pSeq->size + CAPACITY_SIZE));
        if (tmp == NULL)
        {
            perror("out of memory");
            exit(-1);
        }
        else
        {
            pSeq->data = tmp;
            pSeq->capacity += CAPACITY_SIZE;
        }
    }
}
void PushBack(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x)
{
    check(pSeq);
    pSeq->data[pSeq->size] = x;
    pSeq->size++;
}

void PopBack(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空\n");
        return;
    }
    pSeq->size--;
}
void PushFront(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x)
{
    check(pSeq);
    for (int i = pSeq->size; i >= 0; i--)
    {
        pSeq->data[i + 1] = pSeq->data[i];
    }
    pSeq->data[0] = x;
    pSeq->size++;
}

void PopFront(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空\n");
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < pSeq->size; i++)
    {
        pSeq->data[i] = pSeq->data[i + 1];
    }
    pSeq->size--;
}
void Insert(pSeqlist pSeq, int pos, datatype x)
{
    check(pSeq);
    for (int i = pSeq->size; i >= pos; i--)
    {
        pSeq->data[i + 1] = pSeq->data[i];
    }
    pSeq->data[pos] = x;
    pSeq->size++;

}
void Remove(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x)
{
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空,无法删除\n");
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < pSeq->size; i++)
    {
        if (pSeq->data[i] == x)
        {
            for (int j = i; j < pSeq->size - i; j++)
            {
                pSeq->data[j] = pSeq->data[j + 1];
            }
            pSeq->size--;
            return;
        }
    }
}
void RemoveAll(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x)
{
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空,无法删除\n");
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < pSeq->size; i++)
    {
        if (pSeq->data[i] == x)
        {
            for (int j = i; j <pSeq->size; j++)
            {
                pSeq->data[j] = pSeq->data[j + 1];
            }
            pSeq->size--;
        }
    }
}
void BubbleSort(pSeqlist pSeq)
{

    char ch = 0;
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空,无法排序\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("请选择排序类型（>:从大到小），（<:从小到大）：\n");
    fflush(stdin);
    scanf("%c", &ch);

    switch (ch)
    {
    case‘>‘:
        for (i = 0; i < pSeq->size - 1; i++)
        {
            for (j = 0; j < pSeq->size - i - 1; j++)
            {
                if (pSeq->data[j] < pSeq->data[j + 1])
                {
                    int tmp = pSeq->data[j];
                    pSeq->data[j] = pSeq->data[j + 1];
                    pSeq->data[j + 1] = tmp;
                }
            }
        }
        break;
    case‘<‘:
        for (i = 0; i < pSeq->size - 1; i++)
        {
            for (j = i; j < pSeq->size - i - 1; j++)
            {
                if (pSeq->data[j] > pSeq->data[j + 1])
                {
                    int tmp = pSeq->data[j];
                    pSeq->data[j] = pSeq->data[j + 1];
                    pSeq->data[j + 1] = tmp;
                }
            }
        }
        break;
    default:
        printf("所给出排序类型有问题！\n");
        break;
    };
}
void SelectSort(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    datatype min = 0;
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空,无法排序\n");
        return;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < pSeq->size - 1; i++)
    {
        min = i ;
        for (j = i + 1; j < pSeq->size; j++)
        {
            if (pSeq->data[min]>pSeq->data[j])
            {
                min = j;
            }
        }
        if (min != i)
        {
            datatype tmp = pSeq->data[i];
            pSeq->data[i] = pSeq->data[min];
            pSeq->data[min] = tmp;
        }
    }
}
void InsertionSort(pSeqlist pSeq)
{
    int i = 0;
    int j = 0;
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空,无法排序\n");
        return;
    }
    for (i = 1; i < pSeq->size; i++)
    {
        datatype tmp = pSeq->data[i];
        for (j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--)
        {
            if (pSeq->data[j]>tmp)
            {
                pSeq->data[j + 1] = pSeq->data[j];
            }
            else
            {
                break;
            }
        }
        pSeq->data[j + 1] = tmp;
    }

}
void Erase(pSeqlist pSeq, int pos)
{
    int i = 0;
    if (pSeq->size <= 0)
    {
        printf("顺序表已空,无法删除\n");
        return;
    }
    else if (pos<0 || pos>=pSeq->size)
    {
        printf("输入位置不合法");
        return;
    }
    for (i = pos; i <pSeq->size-1; i++)
    {
        pSeq->data[i] = pSeq->data[i + 1];
    }
    pSeq->size--;
}
int BinarySearch(pSeqlist pSeq, datatype x)
{
    int left = 0;
    int right = pSeq->size - 1;
    int mid = 0;
    while (left <= right)
    {
        mid = (left + right) >> 1;
        if (pSeq->data[mid] < x)
        {
            left = mid + 1;
        }
        else if (pSeq->data[mid]>x)
        {
            right = mid - 1;
        }
        else
            return mid;
    }
    return -1;;
}

test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1

#include"dynamic_seqlist.h"
void Test()
{
    Seqlist seq;
    int input = 1;
    int x = 0;
    int pos = 0;
    int search = 0;
    InitSqlist(&seq);
    while (input)
    {
        meau();
        printf("请选择:");
        scanf("%d", &input);
        fflush(stdin);
        switch (input)
        {
        case INIT:
            InitSqlist(&seq);
            break;
        case PUSHBACK:
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入你所要尾部push的元素：\n");
            scanf("%d", &x);
            PushBack(&seq, x);
            break;
        case POPBACK:
            PopBack(&seq);
            break;
        case PUSHFRONT:
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入你所要头部push的元素：\n");
            scanf("%d", &x);
            PushFront(&seq, x);
            break;
        case POPFRONT:
            PopFront(&seq);
            break;
        case INSERT:
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入你所要插入的元素：\n");
            scanf("%d", &x);
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入你所要插入的位置：\n");
            scanf("%d", &pos);
            Insert(&seq, pos, x);
            break;
        case REMOVE:
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入要删除的元素\n");
            scanf("%d", &x);
            Remove(&seq, x);
            break;
        case REMOVEALL:
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入要删除的元素\n");
            scanf("%d", &x);
            RemoveAll(&seq, x);
            break;
        case BUBBLESORT:
            BubbleSort(&seq);
            break;
        case SELECTSORT:
            SelectSort(&seq);
            break;
        case INSERTIONSORT:
            InsertionSort(&seq);
            break;
        case ERASE:
            fflush(stdin);
            printf("请输入你所要删除元素的位置");
            scanf("%d", &pos);
            Erase(&seq,pos);
            break;
        case BINARYSEARCH:
            printf("请输入要二分查找的元素\n");
            fflush(stdin);
            scanf("%d", &x);
            search = BinarySearch(&seq, x);
            printf("%d所在的位置是：%d", x, search);
            break;
        case EXIT:
            DestorySeqlist(&seq);
            input = 0;
            break;
        case PRINTFSEQLIST:
            PrintSeqlist(&seq);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }

}

int main()
{
    Test();


    system("pause");
    return 0;
}