在服务器上搭建多个WordPress博客网站教程（超级详细）

Posted 2021-01-03

实验准备

一台阿里云服务器
二个域名（IP与域名已经建立解析关系）
Linux关于web架构的知识

实验步骤

1.用crt远程登录阿里云服务器

2.安装nginx，mysql，php

建议使用lnmp一键安装包安装，方便快捷

获取lnmp一键安装包链接

lnpm官网链接

找到下载页面选择最新的复制其链接。

写此文时最新版本信息如下：

LNMP 1.4 测试版
http://soft.vpser.net/lnmp/lnmp1.4beta.tar.gz  (131KB)

安装 163源

[[email protected] ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# mv * /tmp/
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# curl -o 163.repo   http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  1572  100  1572    0     0  13343      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 13435
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/$releasever/7/g‘ 163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i ‘s/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g‘ 163.repo
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Cleaning repos: base centosplus extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Maybe you want: rm -rf /var/cache/yum, to also free up space taken by orphaned data from disabled or removed repos
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
base                                                                                               | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
centosplus                                                                                         | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
extras                                                                                             | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
updates                                                                                            | 3.4 kB  00:00:00
(1/5): base/x86_64/group_gz                                                                        | 166 kB  00:00:00
(2/5): extras/x86_64/primary_db                                                                    | 187 kB  00:00:00
(3/5): centosplus/x86_64/primary_db                                                                | 2.9 MB  00:00:01
(4/5): updates/x86_64/primary_db                                                                   | 5.2 MB  00:00:02
(5/5): base/x86_64/primary_db                                                                      | 5.9 MB  00:00:02
Determining fastest mirrors
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:7-11 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==========================================================================================================================
 Package                          Arch                       Version                     Repository                  Size
==========================================================================================================================
Installing:
 epel-release                     noarch                     7-11                        extras                      15 k

Transaction Summary
==========================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 15 k
Installed size: 24 k
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/extras/packages/epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Public key for epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm is not installed
epel-release-7-11.noarch.rpm                                                                       |  15 kB  00:00:00
Retrieving key from http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
 Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <[email protected]>"
 Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
 From       : http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                                               1/1
  Verifying  : epel-release-7-11.noarch                                                                               1/1

Installed:
  epel-release.noarch 0:7-11

Complete!
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install wget 

上传脚本并执行

// 脚本执行过程中 有需要选择的直接敲回车键即可 有选择版本的需要根据自己的需求来选择即可
[[email protected] ~]# wget http://soft.vpser.net/lnmp/lnmp1.4beta.tar.gz 

[[email protected] ~]# tar -zxvf lnmp1.4beta.tar.gz 
[[email protected] ~]# cd lnmp1.4
[[email protected] lnmp1.4]# ./install.sh   

+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|          LNMP V1.4 for CentOS Linux Server, Written by Licess          |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|        A tool to auto-compile & install LNMP/LNMPA/LAMP on Linux       |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|           For more information please visit https://lnmp.org           |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
You have 5 options for your DataBase install.
1: Install MySQL 5.1.73
2: Install MySQL 5.5.56 (Default)
3: Install MySQL 5.6.36
4: Install MySQL 5.7.18
5: Install MariaDB 5.5.56
6: Install MariaDB 10.0.30
7: Install MariaDB 10.1.23
0: DO NOT Install MySQL/MariaDB
Enter your choice (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 0):  
Enter your choice (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 0):
No input,You will install MySQL 5.5.56
===========================
Please setup root password of MySQL.(Default password: root)
Please enter:
MySQL root password: root
===========================
Do you want to enable or disable the InnoDB Storage Engine?
Default enable,Enter your choice [Y/n]:
No input,The InnoDB Storage Engine will enable.
===========================
You have 6 options for your PHP install.
1: Install PHP 5.2.17
2: Install PHP 5.3.29
3: Install PHP 5.4.45
4: Install PHP 5.5.38 (Default)
5: Install PHP 5.6.31
6: Install PHP 7.0.21
7: Install PHP 7.1.7
Enter your choice (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7):
No input,You will install PHP 5.5.38
===========================
You have 3 options for your Memory Allocator install.
1: Don‘t install Memory Allocator. (Default)
2: Install Jemalloc
3: Install TCMalloc
Enter your choice (1, 2 or 3):  
No input,You will not install Memory Allocator.

Press any key to install...or Press Ctrl+c to cancel 
//后续执行的过程有些漫长大概三十到四十分钟左右，可以先看看电视听听音乐放松下 哈哈

看到这个界面说明脚本执行成功了

简单说明一下，此安装过程安装完成便也启动了nginx，mysql，php-fpm并加入了开机启动项。如果重启服务器，不需要再单独手动开启相关的服务了。总的来说相当方便的。

此时 在浏览器输入IP即可访问到如下页面

网站根目录路径/home/wwwroot/default,如果只用来放一些静态页面，那么，现在就足够了，直接将你的html，js，css等文件丢进去即可。

退出使用ctrl+c

IP与网站的映射关系

 [[email protected] ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 ...
 ...
  server
    {
        listen 80 default_server;
        #listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
        server_name lin.kjsc366.com; //编辑此处
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root  /home/wwwroot/default;

检测nginx配置文件语法并重新加载nginx

[[email protected] ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[[email protected] ~]# nginx -s reload

安装WordPress

中文官方站点 英文官方站点具体的根据自己的需求选择。下面以中文版为例。当前最新版本是4.7.2

为了方便，我们还是在用站点默认的路径

[[email protected] ~]# cd /home/wwwroot/  //进入网站根目录上一级目录
[[email protected] wwwroot]# mv default old  //将default重命名为old
[[email protected] wwwroot]# wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.7.2-zh_CN.tar.gz  //下载WordPress包中文版
[[email protected] wwwroot]# tar -zxvf wordpress-4.7.2-zh_CN.tar.gz  //解压WordPress包
[[email protected] wwwroot]# ls
old  wordpress  wordpress-4.7.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
[[email protected] wwwroot]# mv wordpress default  //将wordpress重命名为default
[[email protected] wwwroot]# ls
default  old  wordpress-4.7.2-zh_CN.tar.gz 

给予相应权限

[[email protected] default]# chown -R 755 /home/wwwroot //目录以及目录下的文件授权
chown: changing ownership of ‘/home/wwwroot/old/.user.ini’: Operation not permitted
[[email protected] default]#  chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot/ //将目录的所有者分给www组下的www用户。
chown: changing ownership of ‘/home/wwwroot/old/.user.ini’: Operation not permitted

出现的提示大概是说有一个文件无法更改用户分组和权限。不会影响你的wordpress，忽略就好

创建一个数据库wordpress

[[email protected] default]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:  密码默认是root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 24
Server version: 5.5.56-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| wordpress          |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit  

配置WordPress

在浏览器输入域名地址进行访问

点击现在就开始。这时候我们看到如下页面:

按照之前设置的，输入如下信息：

数据库名：wordpress
用户名：root
密码：root
数据库主机：localhost
表前缀：wp_

点击提交

到这一步，基本上就意味着大功告成了，因为后边基本不会出错啦。

点击进行安装按钮。出现下图：

按照自己的需求填写，比如我这里填写如下：

点击安装WordPress按钮，然后登录设置啥的纯页面操作就不在这里过多介绍

再建一个WordPress

在网站根网页目录下创建一个新的目录/home/wwwroot/default/doudou

[[email protected] wwwroot]# tar xf wordpress-4.7.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
[[email protected] wwwroot]# ls
default  old  wordpress  wordpress-4.7.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
[[email protected] wwwroot]# mv wordpress default/doudou
[[email protected] wwwroot]# cd default/doudou
[[email protected] doudou]# ls
index.php    wp-activate.php     wp-comments-post.php  wp-cron.php        wp-load.php   wp-settings.php   xmlrpc.php
license.txt  wp-admin            wp-config-sample.php  wp-includes        wp-login.php  wp-signup.php
readme.html  wp-blog-header.php  wp-content            wp-links-opml.php  wp-mail.php   wp-trackback.php

复制配置文件里面的server内容 在后面添加复制的内容

[[email protected] ~]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
...
...
   server
    {
        listen 80 default_server;
        #listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
        server_name fan.kjsc366.com; //编辑此处
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root  /home/wwwroot/default/doudou; //编辑此处添加上一步创建的目录doudou

        #error_page   404   /404.html;

        # Deny access to PHP files in specific directory
        #location ~ /(wp-content|uploads|wp-includes|images)/.*.php$ { deny all; }

        include enable-php.conf;

        location /nginx_status
        {
            stub_status on;
            access_log   off;
        }

        location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
            expires      30d; 
        location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
        {
            expires      12h;
        }

        location ~ /.well-known {
            allow all;
        }

        location ~ /.
        {
            deny all;
        }

        access_log  /home/wwwlogs/access.log;
    }   
  include vhost/*.conf; 
  }    

新建一个同名的vhost/doudou.conf与include vhost/*.conf建立对应关系

[[email protected] ~]mkdir -p /vhost/doudou.conf

再建立一个数据库doudou

[[email protected] ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 37
Server version: 5.5.56-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘h‘ for help. Type ‘c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database doudou;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| doudou             |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| wordpress          |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

输入fan.kjsc366.com

重新出来一个wordpress页面

此时 我使用新建的数据库doudou 进行配置WordPress

上面有详细配置过程，在此不再赘述

我们来直接看效果:
输入域名lin.kjsc366.com 效果如下：

输入域名fan.kjsc366.com 效果如下

PS：

后期如果需要配置WordPress 则需要在浏览器输入域名/wp-admin/setup-config.php
例如我的是

lin.kjsc366.com/wp-admin/setup-config.php

后期问题解决

有问题的反馈在此，我会进行补充。