Winform应用程序实现通用消息窗口

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记得我之前发表过一篇文章《Winform应用程序实现通用遮罩层》,是实现了透明遮罩的消息窗口,功能侧重点在动图显示+消息提醒,效果看上去比较的炫,而本篇我又来重新设计通用消息窗口,功能重点在于消息提醒、进度报告,当然如果大家时间,可以将两种相结合,那样就会更完美了,我这里仍是以实现功能为主,由于代码相对简单,我就直接贴上所有代码,大家可以直接复制到本地测试,若发现问题可自行改正或反馈给我,我来完善,谢谢!

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 等待窗口:用于处理耗时工作时,友好显示消息窗口
    /// 作者:Zuowenjun
    /// 日期:2016-1-29
    /// 网址:http://www.zuowenjun.cn
    /// </summary>
    public partial class FRM_Waitting : Form
    {
        private SynchronizationContext formContext;

        public string Message
        {
            get { return labMessage.Text; }
            set { labMessage.Text = value; }
        }

        public Action<WaittingForWorkObject> WorkAction { get; set; }

        public object WorkActionParam { get; set; }

        public Exception WorkException { get; private set; }

        public class WaittingForWorkObject
        {
            private SendOrPostCallback UpdateMessageAction = null;
            public SynchronizationContext Context { get; private set; }

            public object UserData { get; private set; }

            public void UpdateMessage(string msg)
            {
                this.Context.Post(UpdateMessageAction, msg);
            }

            public WaittingForWorkObject(FRM_Waitting parentForm)
            {
                this.Context = parentForm.formContext;
                this.UserData = parentForm.WorkActionParam;
                this.UpdateMessageAction = delegate(object o)
                {
                    parentForm.Message = o.ToString();
                };
            }
        }


        public static void WaittingForWork(Action<WaittingForWorkObject> workAction, object workParam = null, string text = "请稍候", string message = "系统处理中,请稍候...")
        {
            var waittingForm = new FRM_Waitting(text, message, workAction, workParam);
            waittingForm.ShowDialog();
            if (waittingForm.WorkException != null)
            {
                throw waittingForm.WorkException;
            }

        }

        public FRM_Waitting()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public FRM_Waitting(string text, string message, Action<WaittingForWorkObject> workAction, object workParam = null)
            : this()
        {
            this.Text = text;
            this.Message = message;
            this.WorkAction = workAction;
            this.WorkActionParam = workParam;
        }

        private void FRM_Waitting_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        private void FRM_Waitting_Shown(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            formContext = SynchronizationContext.Current;
            if (WorkAction != null)
            {
                Thread workThread = new Thread(DoWork);
                workThread.IsBackground = true;
                workThread.Start();
            }
        }

        private void DoWork()
        {
            try
            {
                var wfObject = new WaittingForWorkObject(this);
                WorkAction(wfObject);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                WorkException = ex;
            }
            formContext.Send(delegate(object o) { this.Close(); }, null);
        }



    }
}

以下是系统自动生成的代码:

namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
    partial class FRM_Waitting
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Required designer variable.
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Clean up any resources being used.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows Form Designer generated code

        /// <summary>
        /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
        /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.labMessage = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // labMessage
            // 
            this.labMessage.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
            this.labMessage.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("宋体", 9.75F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(134)));
            this.labMessage.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
            this.labMessage.Name = "labMessage";
            this.labMessage.Padding = new System.Windows.Forms.Padding(5);
            this.labMessage.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(453, 125);
            this.labMessage.TabIndex = 0;
            this.labMessage.Text = "Message";
            this.labMessage.TextAlign = System.Drawing.ContentAlignment.MiddleCenter;
            this.labMessage.UseWaitCursor = true;
            // 
            // FRM_Waitting
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(453, 125);
            this.ControlBox = false;
            this.Controls.Add(this.labMessage);
            this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
            this.Name = "FRM_Waitting";
            this.ShowIcon = false;
            this.ShowInTaskbar = false;
            this.StartPosition = System.Windows.Forms.FormStartPosition.CenterParent;
            this.Text = "FRM_Waitting";
            this.UseWaitCursor = true;
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.FRM_Waitting_Load);
            this.Shown += new System.EventHandler(this.FRM_Waitting_Shown);
            this.ResumeLayout(false);

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.Label labMessage;
    }
}

上述代码比较简单,我这里对消息窗口的实现原理作一个简要的说明:

1.将耗时处理逻辑代码封装到一个委托中(Aciton<FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWorkObject>);

2.获取当前同步上下文并保存,以便可以跨线程操作UI;

3.创建并运行一个后台线程,同时将该线程指定到DoWork(工作方法);

4.在DoWork方法中实例化WaittingForWorkObject对象,并传给1中委托,然后执行委托,这样耗时的操作都在后台线程中处理了;

5.在DoWork方法使用try catch捕获可能存在的异常,若发生异常则保存到WorkException属性中;

6.执行完成后(无论是否报错),通过同上下文发送关闭消息窗口指令,使消息窗口关闭;

7.在静态方法WaittingForWork中判断WorkException属性是否不为空,若不为空则重新抛出错误,这样主线程就知道发生了什么异常;

 说明:为了能够兼容.NET 2.0及以上版本,代码中采用了匿名方法,而非Lambada表达式,实际使用时则可以任意选择,下面的测试示例中均提供了新旧两种代码写法,以供大家比较。

以下是各种测试示例:

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试:普通显示一个消息窗口
        /// </summary>
        private void Test1()
        {
            //旧方式(兼容.NET2.0及以上)
            FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork(delegate(FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWorkObject o)
            {
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
                Thread.Sleep(10 * 1000);
            });

            //新方式(.NET4.0及以上)
            //FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork((o) =>
            //{
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
            //    Thread.Sleep(10 * 1000);
            //});

        }

效果如下:

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        /// <summary>
        /// 测试:普通显示一个消息窗口,并自定义提示消息并窗口标题
        /// </summary>
        private void Test1_1()
        {
            //旧方式(兼容.NET2.0及以上)
            FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork(delegate(FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWorkObject o)
            {
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
                Thread.Sleep(10 * 1000);
            },null,"客官请稍候","客官,店小二正在为您拼命处理中,请稍等片刻...");

            //新方式(.NET4.0及以上)
            //FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork((o) =>
            //{
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
            //    Thread.Sleep(10 * 1000);
            //},null,"客官请稍候","客官,店小二正在为您拼命处理中,请稍等片刻...");

        }

效果如下:

技术分享

 

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试:普通显示一个消息窗口,并在后台线程中抛出错误,前台显示错误信息
        /// </summary>
         private void Test1_2()
        {
             try
             {
                 //旧方式(兼容.NET2.0及以上)
                 //FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork(delegate(FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWorkObject o)
                 //{
                 //    //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
                 //    Thread.Sleep(10 * 1000);
                 //    throw new Exception("这里后台线程里抛出的错误!");
                 //});

                 //新方式(.NET4.0及以上)
                 FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork((o) =>
                 {
                    //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
                     Thread.Sleep(10 * 1000);
                     throw new Exception("这里后台线程里抛出的错误!");
                 });

             }
             catch(Exception ex)
             {
                 MessageBox.Show("发生异常:" + ex.Message);
             }
        }

效果如下:

技术分享

 

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试:在消息窗口上显示加载进度
        /// </summary>
        private void Test2()
        {

            //旧方式(兼容.NET2.0及以上)
            //FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork(delegate(FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWorkObject o)
            //{
                    //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
            //    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
            //    {
            //        Thread.Sleep(1000);
            //        o.UpdateMessage(string.Format("共{0}项,当前已加载{1}项", 10, i));
            //    }

            //});

            //新方式(.NET4.0及以上)
            FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork((o) =>
            {
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    o.UpdateMessage(string.Format("共{0}项,当前已加载{1}项", 10, i));
                }

            });

        }

效果如下:

技术分享

 

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试:在消息窗口上显示加载进度,并同时在主窗口(非消息窗口都可以)上更新控件内容
        /// </summary>
        private void Test3()
        {

            //旧方式(兼容.NET2.0及以上)
            FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork(delegate(FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWorkObject o)
            {
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
                for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
                {
                    Thread.Sleep(1000);
                    o.UpdateMessage(string.Format("共{0}项,当前已加载{1}项", 10, i));
                    o.Context.Send(delegate(object d) { this.listBox1.Items.Add(d); }, string.Format("共{0}项,当前已加载{1}项", 10, i));
                }

            });

            //新方式(.NET4.0及以上)
            //FRM_Waitting.WaittingForWork((o) =>
            //{
                //在这里面写耗时处理逻辑代码,以下是模拟耗时
            //    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
            //    {
            //        Thread.Sleep(1000);
            //        o.UpdateMessage(string.Format("共{0}项,当前已加载{1}项", 10, i));
            //        o.Context.Send(d => this.listBox1.Items.Add(d), string.Format("共{0}项,当前已加载{1}项", 10, i));
            //    }

            //});

        }

效果如下:

技术分享

 

看完上面的测试效果,大家觉得如何,能否满足你的日常要求呢,我认为基本都可以满足的,当然如果发现更多的情况,欢迎在下方评论留言。

 

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